Asymmetric orbital hybridization in Zn-doped antiperovskite Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)enables highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen production

Rational design of efficient and robust earth-abundant alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts is a key factor for developing energy conversion technologies.Currently,antiperovskite nitride CuNMn_(3)has garnered significant interest due to its remarkable properties such as negative/zero thermal expansion and magnetocaloric effects.However,when utilized as hydrogen evolution catalysts,it encounters large challenge resulting from excessively strong/weak interactions with adsorbed H on Mn/Cu active sites,which leads to low HER activity.In this study,we introduce an asymmetric orbital hybridization strategy in Zn-doped Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)by leveraging the localization of Zn electronic states to reconfigure the electronic structures of Cu and Mn,thereby reducing the energy barrier for water dissociation and optimizing Cu and Mn active sites for hydrogen adsorption and H_(2)production.Electrochemical evaluations reveal that Cu_(0.85)Zn_(0.15)NMn_(3)with x=0.15 demonstrates exceptional electrocatalytic activity in alkaline electrolytes.A low overpotential of 52 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and outstanding stability over a 150-h test period are achieved,surpassing commercial Pt/C.This research offers a novel strategy for enhancing HER performance by modulating asymmetric hybridization of electron orbitals between multiple metal atoms within a material structure.

SAR regional all-azimuth observation orbit design for target 3D reconstruction

Three-dimensional(3D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR)extends the conventional 2D images into 3D features by several acquisitions in different aspects. Compared with 3D techniques via multiple observations in elevation, e.g. SAR interferometry(InSAR) and SAR tomography(TomoSAR), holographic SAR can retrieve 3D structure by observations in azimuth. This paper focuses on designing a novel type of orbit to achieve SAR regional all-azimuth observation(AAO) for embedded targets detection and holographic 3D reconstruction. The ground tracks of the AAO orbit separate the earth surface into grids. Target in these grids can be accessed with an azimuth angle span of360°, which is similar to the flight path of airborne circular SAR(CSAR). Inspired from the successive coverage orbits of optical sensors, several optimizations are made in the proposed method to ensure favorable grazing angles, the performance of 3D reconstruction, and long-term supervision for SAR sensors. Simulation experiments show the regional AAO can be completed within five hours. In addition, a second AAO of the same area can be duplicated in two days. Finally, an airborne SAR data process result is presented to illustrate the significance of AAO in 3D reconstruction.

广播星历旋转误差对低轨星载BDS-3/GPS实时精密定轨影响分析

基于LT-01A卫星星载BDS-3/GPS观测值进行了星载实时精密定轨研究,并重点分析了广播星历旋转误差对实时定轨精度的影响。通过赫尔默特转换评估了所选时段内GPS和BDS-3广播星历轨道旋转误差,显示BDS-3广播星历旋转误差可达-8.7 mas,平均量级较GPS大约2.5倍。BDS-3广播星历经旋转改正后,轨道切向、法向均方根(RMS)误差从25 cm左右提升至10 cm量级,提升幅度超过50%。因此,基于星载BDS-3以及BDS-3/GPS联合的实时定轨精度受BDS-3星历旋转误差影响严重,且主要作用于切向和法向。经过旋转改正后,单独BDS-3实时定轨在切向、法向、径向RMS分别为21.0 cm、10.7 cm及11.2 cm,其切向和法向精度比改正前分别提升15.0%和31.8%;BDS-3与GPS联合定轨进一步提升切向精度至19.4 cm。得益于BDS-3广播星历较高的精度,单BDS-3以及BDS-3/GPS联合的实时定轨在旋转改正前的三维RMS分别为31.9 cm和29.2 cm,较单GPS实时定轨分别提升9.1%和16.8%;添加旋转改正后,其定轨精度分别提升至26.7 cm和25.0 cm,较单GPS实时定轨分别提升22.6%和27.5%。

顾及BDS-3星钟约束的GNSS超快速轨道钟差解算方法

BDS-3高稳定星载原子钟作为北斗星座的显著技术优势,在GNSS数据处理中尚未得到充分利用。针对严格时效性限制下GNSS超快速轨道钟差参数精度受限问题,本文提出顾及BDS-3星钟约束的GNSS超快速轨道钟差解算方法。首先,以GNSS轨道钟差参数间相关性为基础,构建顾及BDS-3星钟参数特性的GNSS定轨模型;然后,基于GNSS精密钟差产品,分析星钟约束对GNSS轨道钟差参数精度的影响规律;最后,为克服预报钟差精度与约束筛选对定轨影响,建立BDS-3星钟建模与GNSS超快速轨道钟差估计的同步处理方法。试验结果表明,在BDS-3星钟参数最优约束下,BDS-3与GPS轨道钟差精度可分别提升27.5%、5.1%和20.2%、5.2%;且较传统BDS-3星钟单历元处理策略,基于BDS-3星钟建模与GNSS超快速定轨同步处理方法,GNSS超快速轨道钟差精度可分别提升至4.8%与34.2%,轨道精度实现了毫米级改善。因此,顾及BDS-3星钟约束的GNSS超快速轨道钟差解算方法可有效对BDS-3高稳星钟信息模型化,并实现GNSS超快速轨道钟差精度的优化处理。

不同IGS分析中心BDS-3实时精密轨道和钟差产品精度评估

以2022-11连续7 d的精密星历作为参考,对5家机构(CAS、CNES、GFZ、SHA和WHU)提供的BDS-3实时精密产品进行精度评估。结果表明,目前CAS可提供的BDS-3卫星实时精密产品数量最多,但MEO卫星钟差精度最低,超过0.4 ns;GFZ播发的IGSO卫星产品质量最差,径向轨道误差超过30 cm,钟差精度大于0.8 ns;WHU的产品数据质量最好,径向轨道误差优于4 cm,钟差精度约0.16 ns,但其可用卫星数仅19颗。在定位端,对各机构的实时精密产品进行双频无电离层动态实时PPP定位性能对比,结果显示,CNES、SHA、WHU实时产品定位精度处于同一水平,水平、高程方向总体定位误差约为0.2 m。综合考虑可用卫星数及实时产品数据质量,推荐实时PPP用户使用CNES或SHA实时产品。

Biomechanical analysis of an absorbable material for treating fractures of the inferior orbital wall

AIM:To investigate the biomechanical properties and practical application of absorbable materials in orbital fracture repair.METHODS:The three-dimensional(3D)model of orbital blowout fractures was reconstructed using Mimics21.0 software.The repair guide plate model for inferior orbital wall fracture was designed using 3-matic13.0 and Geomagic wrap 21.0 software.The finite element model of orbital blowout fracture and absorbable repair plate was established using 3-matic13.0 and ANSYS Workbench 21.0 software.The mechanical response of absorbable plates,with thicknesses of 0.6 and 1.2 mm,was modeled after their placement in the orbit.Two patients with inferior orbital wall fractures volunteered to receive single-layer and double-layer absorbable plates combined with 3D printing technology to facilitate surgical treatment of orbital wall fractures.RESULTS:The finite element models of orbital blowout fracture and absorbable plate were successfully established.Finite element analysis(FEA)showed that when the Young’s modulus of the absorbable plate decreases to 3.15 MPa,the repair material with a thickness of 0.6 mm was influenced by the gravitational forces of the orbital contents,resulting in a maximum total deformation of approximately 3.3 mm.Conversely,when the absorbable plate was 1.2 mm thick,the overall maximum total deformation was around 0.4 mm.The half-year follow-up results of the clinical cases confirmed that the absorbable plate with a thickness of 1.2 mm had smaller maximum total deformation and better clinical efficacy.CONCLUSION:The biomechanical analysis observations in this study are largely consistent with the clinical situation.The use of double-layer absorbable plates in conjunction with 3D printing technology is recommended to support surgical treatment of infraorbital wall blowout fractures.

GPS/Galileo/BDS-3广播星历精度分析

为了分析当前GPS(Global Positioning System)、Galileo(Galileo Navigation Satellite System)和BDS-3(Beidou Navigation Satellite System with Global Coverage)广播星历的精度,详细分析研究了各种偏差改正及消除方法,并尽可能地消除了系统误差和粗差对评估结果的影响。选取2021-11-01/12-31共61天MGEX(multi-GNSS experiment)发布的多系统混合广播星历与武汉大学分析中心发布的事后精密星历数据进行实验,对GPS、Galileo和BDS-3近期广播星历精度进行对比分析,实验结果表明:3个系统广播星历整体精度由高到低依次是Galileo、BDS-3和GPS,其空间信号测距误差的RMS(root mean square)分别优于0.17、0.25和0.37 m,整体轨道精度的RMS分别优于0.17、0.12和0.25 m,BDS-3广播星历的轨道精度最高,钟差误差的RMS分别优于0.15、0.23和0.27 m,Galileo广播星历的钟差精度最高。对于GPS卫星的广播星历,blockⅢA卫星钟差和轨道精度均优于其他GPS类型卫星。

基于OCO-2/3卫星的中国超大型燃煤电厂CO_(2)排放量的遥感反演

基于轨道碳观测者2/3(OCO-2/3)卫星数据和高斯羽流模型对发电厂CO_(2)排放量进行遥感反演。首先基于OCO-2(2014-09-06—2021-10-01)和OCO-3(2019-08-06—2021-10-01)数据检索中国超大型燃煤电厂(≥5000 MW)附近图像,共在托克托、嘉兴、外高桥电厂附近识别到7个CO_(2)羽流。综合利用3种大气背景值确定方法,经过高斯羽流模型估算的CO_(2)排放量范围为43~77 kt/d,模型拟合的相关系数0.50~0.87。单个羽流的不确定性变化为8%~32%(1σ),风速是最大的不确定性(6%~31%),其次是背景值(5%~18%)、增强值(1%~21%)和羽流上升(1%~8%)。经验证,估算结果与碳监测行动、碳简报、全球电厂排放数据库等排放清单一致性较高(托克托:(76.48±15.75)kt/d、外高桥:(55.98±6.90)kt/d、嘉兴:(64.55±15.89)kt/d)。这项研究有助于监测点源碳排放,这不仅是电力行业开展碳减排的前提,也有助于针对性制定区域碳减排政策,从而减少人为碳排放。

FY-3E:The First Operational Meteorological Satellite Mission in an Early Morning Orbit

Fengyun-3 E(FY-3E),the world’s first early-morning-orbit meteorological satellite for civil use,was launched successfully at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on 5 July 2021.The FY-3E satellite will fill the vacancy of the global early-morning-orbit satellite observation,working together with the FY-3C and FY-3D satellites to achieve the data coverage of early morning,morning,and afternoon orbits.The combination of these three satellites will provide global data coverage for numerical weather prediction(NWP)at 6-hour intervals,effectively improving the accuracy and time efficiency of global NWP,which is of great significance to perfect the global earth observing system.In this article,the background and meteorological requirements for the early-morning-orbit satellite are reviewed,and the specifications of the FY-3E satellite,as well as the characteristics of the onboard instrumentation for earth observations,are also introduced.In addition,the ground segment and the retrieved geophysical products are also presented.It is believed that the NWP communities will significantly benefit from an optimal temporal distribution of observations provided by the early morning,mid-morning,and afternoon satellite missions.Further benefits are expected in numerous applications such as the monitoring of severe weather/climate events,the development of improved sampling designs of the diurnal cycle for accurate climate data records,more efficient monitoring of air quality by thermal infrared remote sensing,and the quasicontinuous monitoring of the sun for space weather and climate.

Precise Orbit Determination for the FY-3C Satellite Using Onboard BDS and GPS Observations from 2013, 2015, and 2017

Using the FengYun-3C(FY-3C)onboard BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)and Global Positioning System(GPS)data from 2013 to 2017,this study investigates the performance and contribution of BDS to precise orbit determination(POD)for a low-Earth orbit(LEO).The overlap comparison result indicates that code bias correction of BDS can improve the POD accuracy by 12.4%.The multi-year averaged one-dimensional(1D)root mean square(RMS)of the overlapping orbit differences(OODs)for the GPS-only solution is 2.0,1.7,and 1.5 cm,respectively,during the 2013,2015,and 2017 periods.The 1D RMS for the BDS-only solution is 150.9,115.0,and 47.4 cm,respectively,during the 2013,2015,and 2017 periods,which is much worse than the GPS-only solution due to the regional system of BDS and the few BDS channels of the FY-3C receiver.For the BDS and GPS combined solution(also known as the GC combined solution),the averaged 1D RMS is 2.5,2.3,and 1.6 cm,respectively,in 2013,2015,and 2017,while the GC combined POD presents a significant accuracy improvement after the exclusion of geostationary Earth orbit(GEO)satellites.The main reason for the improvement seen after this exclusion is the unfavorable satellite tracking geometry and poor orbit accuracy of GEO satellites.The accuracy of BDS-only and GC combined solutions have gradually improved from 2013 to 2017,thanks to improvements in the accuracy of International GNSS Service(IGS)orbit and clock products in recent years,especially the availability of a high-frequency satellite clock product(30 s sampling interval)since 2015.Moreover,the GC POD(without GEO)was able to achieve slightly better accuracy than the GPS-only POD in 2017,indicating that the fusion of BDS and GPS observations can improve the accuracy of LEO POD.GC combined POD can significantly improve the reliability of LEO POD,simply due to system redundancy.An increased contribution of BDS to LEO POD can be expected with the launch of more BDS satellites and with further improvements in the accuracy of BDS satellite products in the near future.

基于SE(3)的航天器姿轨一体化有限时间容错控制

针对相对运动航天器,当执行机构出现故障以及外部干扰和系统不确定性同时存在的情形下,利用滑模控制的鲁棒性,提出了一种有限时间容错控制方法。基于李群SE(3)建立了单刚体航天器姿轨一体化模型,并在指数坐标下推导了相对运动航天器误差动力学方程。设计了一类非奇异快速终端滑模面,并采用等价自适应方法设计控制器估计和补偿外总扰动,提出的容错控制算法可以不依赖于故障诊断与检测环节。运用Lyapunov方法证明了系统在故障和扰动等多约束条件下的稳定性和有限时间快速收敛性,数值仿真结果分析也验证了该容错控制器的快速性、准确性与可靠性。

基于第一性原理的新型环保绝缘介质CF_(3)SO_(2)F相容性评估

利用基于第一性原理的计算模拟从微观角度研究了新型环保绝缘介质CF_(3)SO_(2)F与常见电工设备表面的气固相容特性。首先,应用前线分子轨道理论分析确定了CF_(3)SO_(2)F分子易与设备表面发生相互作用的潜在位点;然后,通过计算模拟分析了CF_(3)SO_(2)F气体介质与5种典型电工设备固体表面的作用强度和电荷转移,同时研究了SF_(6)气体作为对照;再后,深入分析了CF_(3)SO_(2)F与SF_(6)气体相似相容性质的来源;最后,通过分子动力学模拟研究了CF_(3)SO_(2)F与典型固体表面的动态相容性。结果表明,由于相似的活泼原子电子结构,CF_(3)SO_(2)F具有与SF_(6)相近的高稳定性与优秀气固相容性,尤其对于接触表面为铜、氧化铜、氧化铝和环氧树脂的电工设备中,但CF_(3)SO_(2)F与金属铝表面的相容性较差。实验验证了介质与氧化铜和氧化铝表面的优秀相容性,支持了计算方法的有效性。

SU(3) spin–orbit-coupled Bose–Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic plus quartic trap

We consider a SU(3) spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensate confined in a harmonic plus quartic trap.The ground-state wave functions of such a system are obtained by minimizing the Gross–Pitaevskii energy functional, and the effects of the spin-dependent interaction and spin–orbit coupling are investigated in detail.For the case of ferromagnetic spin interaction, the SU(3) spin–orbit coupling induces a threefold-degenerate plane wave ground state with nontrivial spin texture.For the case of antiferromagnetic spin interaction, the system shows phase separation for weak SU(3) spin–orbit coupling, where three discrete minima with unequal weights in momentum space are selected, while hexagonal honeycomb lattice structure for strong SU(3) SOC, where three discrete minima with equal weights are selected.

Effects of anharmonic lattice distortion on orbital and magnetic orderings in KCuF_3

Lattice, magnetic and orbital structures in KCuF3 are self-consistently determined by our cluster self-consistent field approach based on a spin-orbital-lattice Hamiltonian. Two stable structures are obtained and found to be degenerate, which confirms the presence of the coexistent phases observed experimentally. We clearly show that due to the inherent frustration, the ground state of the system only with the superexchange interaction is degenerate; while the Jahn-Teller distortion, especially the anharmonic effect, stabilizes the orbital ordered phase at about 23% in the x2-y2 orbit and at 77% in the 3z2-r2 orbit. Meanwhile the magnetic moment of Cu is considerably reduced to 0.56μB, and magnetic coupling strengths are highly anisotropic, Jx/Jxy ≈ 18. These results are in good agreement with the experiments, implying that the anharmonic Jahn-Teller effect plays an essential role in stabilising the orbital ordered ground state of KCuF3.

Synthesis,Structure,Fluorescent Property and Natural Bond Orbital(NBO) Analysis of a One-dimensional Cobalt(III) Complex Containing 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylate and 2-Methyldipyrido[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline Ligand

A novel metal-organic coordination polymer [Co（m-BDC）（Medpq）·2H2O]n（m-H2BDC = benzene-1,3-dicarboxyalic acid,Medpq = 2-methyldipyrido[3,2-f：2＇,3＇-h]quinoxaline） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The title compound crystallizes in monoclinic,space group C2/c with a = 19.986（4）,b = 15.789（3）,c = 16.292（3）（A°）,β = 126.54（3）°,V = 4130.3（14）（A°）^3,C23H18N4O6Co,Mr = 505.34,Dc = 1.625 g·cm^-3,Z = 8,μ = 0.883 mm^-1,F（000） = 2072,the final R = 0.0772 and wR = 0.1428.The crystal structure of complex 1 is an infinite zigzag-like chain of hexacoordinate Co^3＋ ions,in which the Co^3＋ ions are bridged in two coordination modes by m-BDC^2＋ ligands and decorated by Medpq ligands,showing a slightly distorted octahedral geometry.Additionally,the compound shows strong fluorescence in the solid state at room temperature.Natural bond orbital（NBO） analysis is performed by using the NBO method built in Gaussian 03 Program.The calculation results show a covalent interaction between the coordinated atoms and Co^3＋ ions.

The Absolute Proper Motion of M3 and Its Galactic Orbit

We have obtained the absolute proper motion of globular cluster M3 from measurements of 14 plates taken with the 40cm refractor at Sheshan station of Shanghai observatory, spanning epoch is about 80 years. The positions and absolute proper motions of 24 stars in ACT catalogue are used as the reference frame. The reduction was made with the central overlapping principle. The absolute proper motions of 534 stars in the region of about 1° 5×1° 5 around the cluster M3 are determined. With the new data of proper motions, the membership probabilities of the stars are determined. The mean absolute proper motions for the cluster of -0 3±0 3 mas/yr in R.A. and -3 1±0 3 mas/yr in Dec. were obtained.Combining our results with the known distance and radial velocity of the cluster, we obtained its space motions and Galactic orbits in two different three component Galactic potentials.

Helicity-dependent photoconductance of the edge states in the topological insulator Bi_(2)Te_(3)

The helicity-dependent photoconductance of the edge states in three-dimensional topological insulator Bi_(2)Te_(3)films is investigated.It is revealed that the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current on the left edge of the Bi_(2)Te_(3)film shows an opposite sign with that on the right edge.In addition,the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current increases linearly with the applied longitudinal electric field,and it reverses the sign with the reversal of the electric field.As the thickness of the Bi_(2)Te_(3)film increases,the helicity-dependent photoconductivity current also increases.Theoretical analysis suggests that the helicity-dependent photo-conductivity current may come from the intrinsic spin orbit coupling(SOC)or the SOC introduced by the chiral impurities or defects.

LM-3 Placing APstar-lA into Orbit Successfully

1.The second stage of the LM-3 launch vehicle being tested2.Mobilization meeting for the launch of APstar-1A being held3.Acclaiming the precise orbital insertion of

α-T_(3)晶格中量子反常霍尔效应研究

量子反常霍尔绝缘体具有与普通绝缘体一样的体带隙,但在其边缘或表面有拓扑保护的导电态。量子反常霍尔效应可以通过引入自旋轨道耦合相互作用和交换场来实现。文章重点研究了α-T_(3)晶格在两种Rashba自旋轨道耦合相互作用以及交换场的作用下,通过分析体系的相图、能带结构、边缘态和拓扑不变量,理论预测该体系为实现丰富的拓扑相提供了一个平台,包括半金属相和量子反常霍尔相。同时,该体系也是一个实现谷极化量子反常霍尔相的平台。在谷极化量子反常霍尔相中,边缘输运通道集中在单个能谷中,并且在边界上单向传播,可实现无耗散的100%的谷极化。我们的研究不仅发现了丰富的拓扑相,而且为拓扑电子学以及谷电子学应用提供了一个可行的平台。