The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in ...The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in 2007 and 2008, to evaluate responses of three chickpea cultivars (Hashem and Arman from kabuli and Pirooz from desi type) under well watering (I1: 70mm evaporation from class A pan), gradual water deficit (12 and 13: 70→90→ 110→130 and 70→100→130mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively) and severe water stress (14: 130mm evaporation from class A pan). Result showed that days to flowering and plant height were decreased, as water limitation increased. This reduction was significant under gradual water stress (I2 and I3) and Severe water deficit (I4), compared with control (I1). There were no significant differences in grain filling period and grain yield among I~, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. No significant differences in days to physiologic maturity and number of sub branches were recorded among irrigation treatments. Interactions of year×cultivar for days to physiologic maturity, grain filling period and grain yield (P≤0.01) and for days to flowering and plant height (P≤0.05) were significant. The superiority of Arman in producing comparatively greater grain yield could be attributed to higher grain filling period of this cultivar in both years.展开更多
为充分利用休闲期自然降水,提高旱地麦田土壤的蓄水保墒能力,达到“伏雨春用”的目的,本研究在山西闻喜县旱地麦田将休闲期耕作与覆盖相结合,采用大田试验方法研究了前茬小麦收获后15d 或45d 进行深翻,而后立即采取渗水地膜或液态...为充分利用休闲期自然降水,提高旱地麦田土壤的蓄水保墒能力,达到“伏雨春用”的目的,本研究在山西闻喜县旱地麦田将休闲期耕作与覆盖相结合,采用大田试验方法研究了前茬小麦收获后15d 或45d 进行深翻,而后立即采取渗水地膜或液态地膜覆盖对旱地小麦土壤水分、产量及其构成、品质形成的影响效果,试图探索旱地小麦蓄水保墒技术新途径。结果表明,前茬小麦收获后45 d 深翻较15 d 可显著提高麦收后65 d 至孕穗期100~300 cm 土壤蓄水量,可显著提高播前至孕穗期0~300 cm 总土壤蓄水量,且覆盖的蓄水效果可延续至开花期,以渗水地膜覆盖效果较好。前茬小麦收获后45 d 深翻覆盖较15 d 可显著提高穗数、产量、籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、籽粒蛋白质产量,且以渗水地膜覆盖效果较好。此外,播前80~200 cm 土壤蓄水量与穗数、产量显著相关;播前和开花期120~300 cm 土壤蓄水量与籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、籽粒蛋白质产量显著相关,播前80~280 cm 、开花期40~60 cm 、100 cm 、240~300 cm 土壤蓄水量与谷醇比显著相关。总之,休闲期等雨后深翻并采用渗水地膜覆盖有利于提高旱地小麦土壤蓄水量,达到伏雨春用的目的;有利于优化产量结构,提高产量;有利于提高籽粒蛋白质品质,实现优质。展开更多
文摘The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in 2007 and 2008, to evaluate responses of three chickpea cultivars (Hashem and Arman from kabuli and Pirooz from desi type) under well watering (I1: 70mm evaporation from class A pan), gradual water deficit (12 and 13: 70→90→ 110→130 and 70→100→130mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively) and severe water stress (14: 130mm evaporation from class A pan). Result showed that days to flowering and plant height were decreased, as water limitation increased. This reduction was significant under gradual water stress (I2 and I3) and Severe water deficit (I4), compared with control (I1). There were no significant differences in grain filling period and grain yield among I~, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. No significant differences in days to physiologic maturity and number of sub branches were recorded among irrigation treatments. Interactions of year×cultivar for days to physiologic maturity, grain filling period and grain yield (P≤0.01) and for days to flowering and plant height (P≤0.05) were significant. The superiority of Arman in producing comparatively greater grain yield could be attributed to higher grain filling period of this cultivar in both years.
文摘为充分利用休闲期自然降水,提高旱地麦田土壤的蓄水保墒能力,达到“伏雨春用”的目的,本研究在山西闻喜县旱地麦田将休闲期耕作与覆盖相结合,采用大田试验方法研究了前茬小麦收获后15d 或45d 进行深翻,而后立即采取渗水地膜或液态地膜覆盖对旱地小麦土壤水分、产量及其构成、品质形成的影响效果,试图探索旱地小麦蓄水保墒技术新途径。结果表明,前茬小麦收获后45 d 深翻较15 d 可显著提高麦收后65 d 至孕穗期100~300 cm 土壤蓄水量,可显著提高播前至孕穗期0~300 cm 总土壤蓄水量,且覆盖的蓄水效果可延续至开花期,以渗水地膜覆盖效果较好。前茬小麦收获后45 d 深翻覆盖较15 d 可显著提高穗数、产量、籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、籽粒蛋白质产量,且以渗水地膜覆盖效果较好。此外,播前80~200 cm 土壤蓄水量与穗数、产量显著相关;播前和开花期120~300 cm 土壤蓄水量与籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量、籽粒蛋白质产量显著相关,播前80~280 cm 、开花期40~60 cm 、100 cm 、240~300 cm 土壤蓄水量与谷醇比显著相关。总之,休闲期等雨后深翻并采用渗水地膜覆盖有利于提高旱地小麦土壤蓄水量,达到伏雨春用的目的;有利于优化产量结构,提高产量;有利于提高籽粒蛋白质品质,实现优质。