Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Groundwater from Fissured Aquifers in the Angovia Mine Operating Permit Area (Central-West Côte d’Ivoire)

The main objective of this study is to determine the hydrogeochemical specificities of the groundwater of the Angovia mine operating permit, located in the Yaouré mountains in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoire. To do so, descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis methods with the SOM (Self Organizing Maps) algorithm were applied to the physicochemical parameters of 17 boreholes using the calcite (ISC) and dolomite (ISD) saturation indices. The results obtained have shown that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area has an average temperature of 27.52°C (long rainy season) and 27.87&degC (long dry season) and has an average pH of 7.09 ± 0.35 during the main rainy season and 7.32 ± 0.35 during the main dry season. They are mineralized with an average electrical conductivity of 505.98 ± 302.85 μS/cm during the long rainy season and with 450.33 ± 233.74 μS/cm as average during the long dry season. The main phenomena at the origin of groundwater mineralization are water residence time, oxidation-reduction and surface inflow. The study of the relative age of the water shows that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area is mainly undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. They are therefore very old in the aquifer with a slow circulation speed during the long rainy season and the long dry season.

混凝土渗透性“PERMIT”测试方法探索

为了探寻"PERMIT"离子迁移方法与现行标准推荐方法的关系,对不同胶凝材料体系混凝土分别进行了"PERMIT"离子迁移试验及RCM快速氯离子迁移试验。通过对"PERMIT"阳极室溶液进行定量分析,发现胶凝材料体系变化对阳极室溶液浓度变化率与电导变化率关系影响不显著,进而建立了两者的普适关系。试验结果表明,"PERMIT"离子迁移测试结果与RCM快速氯离子迁移试验结果存在良好的线性相关关系,在此基础上建立了"PER-MIT"离子迁移方法与RCM快速氯离子迁移方法的关系。研究成果可简化结构混凝土抗氯离子渗透性现场测试步骤,并使测试结果与现行标准推荐方法建立定量联系。

Permit法检测碱矿渣混凝土抗渗性的适用性研究

混凝土抗渗性是评价混凝土结构耐久性的重要指标,目前其检测方法众多,而Permit法因具有操作简单、可以现场试验的优点,得到广泛运用。在试验条件下,该文对Permit法是否适合检测碱矿渣混凝土抗渗性进行了探索研究,试验得到的碱矿渣混凝土氯离子扩散系数,较真实反映了碱矿渣混凝土的抗渗性能,得出Permit法也适合检测碱矿渣混凝土抗渗性的结果。

Carbon emission permit allocation and trading

Nowadays our earth is faced with grim challenge of global climate change. All countries should go into action jointly to mitigate climate change. Carbon emission permit allocation and trading are two important issues to realize global cooperation. In this paper two kinds of comprehensive carbon emission permit allocation methods not only considering equity but also efficiency were advanced. After the carbon permit price was determined, the trading situations in various regions or countries in the world and the global benefits gained from emission trading were expounded. Moreover, the impact of carbon emission permit trading on Chinas economy was analyzed.

An Eddy-Permitting Oceanic General Circulation Model and Its Preliminary Evaluation

An eddy-permitting, quasi-global oceanic general circulation model, LICOM (LASG/IAP (State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics) Climate System Ocean Model), with a uniform grid of 0.5? × 0.5? is established. Forced by wind stresses from Hellerman and Rosenstain (1983), a 40-yr integration is conducted with sea surface temperature and salinity being restored to the Levitus 94 datasets. The evaluation of the annual mean climatology of the LICOM control run shows that the large-scale circulation can be well reproduced. A comparison between the LICOM control run and a parallel integration of L30T63, which has the same framework but a coarse resolution, is also made to con?rm the impact of resolution on the model performance. On account of the reduction of horizontal viscosity with the enhancement of the horizontal resolution, LICOM improves the simulation with respect to not only the intensity of the large scale circulations, but also the magnitude and structure of the Equatorial Undercurrent and South Equatorial Current. Taking advantage of the ?ne grid size, the pathway of the Indonesian Through?ow (ITF) is better represented in LICOM than in L30T63. The transport of ITF in LICOM is more convergent in the upper layer. As a consequence, the Indian Ocean tends to get warmer in LICOM. The poleward heat transports for both the global and individual basins are also signi?cantly improved in LICOM. A decomposed analysis indicates that the transport due to the barotropic gyre, which primarily stands for the barotropic e?ect of the western boundary currents, plays a crucial role in making the di?erence.

Climatology and Variability of the Indonesian Throughflow in an Eddy-permitting Oceanic GCM

A quasi-global eddy permitting oceanic GCM, LICOM1.0, is run with the forcing of ERA40 daily wind stress from 1958 to 2001. The modelled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is reasonable in the aspects of both its water source and major pathways. Compared with the observation, the simulated annual mean and seasonal cycle of the ITF transport are fairly realistic. The interannual variation of the tropical Pacific Ocean plays a more important role in the interannual variability of the ITF transport. The relationship between the ITF and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) also reflects the influence of ENSO. However, the relationship between the ITF transport and the interannual anomalies in the Pacific and Indian Oceans vary with time. During some years, (e.g., 1994), the effect of a strong IOD on the ITF transport is more than that from ENSO.

Intensity Allocation Criteria of Carbon Emissions Permits and Regional Economic Development in China——Based on a 30-Province/Autonomous Region Computable General Equilibrium Model

The intensity allocation criteria of carbon emissions permits and its influence on China＇s regional development are analyzed through the 30-province/autonomous region computable general equilibrium （CGE） model. Simulation results show that： industrial intensity criteria without taking regional economic development into account deepen the unbalance of regional economic development; regional intensity criteria without taking industrial properties into account exert little negative impact on regional harmonious development, but relatively high negative influence on high-carbon emission industries. The two-step allocation scheme that the central government allocates emissions permits to provincial governments based on regional economic development and then provincial governments allocate emissions permits to emission resources or entities based on industrial properties is a feasible and operable choice.

Surface coal mine permit application for successful reclamation, semi-arid shortgrass prairie （Wyoming, USA）

Approximately 40% of USA coal originates in an ecologically sensitive area of semi-arid shortgrass prairie in Wyoming. Before a surface coal mine can begin operation in the USA, it must secure a mining permit and comply with regulations and performance standards under the USA Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act （SMCRA）, other federal environmental acts, and state programs. The Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality （WDEQ）/Land Quality Division （LQD） administers Wyoming＇s coal regulatory program. The permit application and bonding process for the largest surface coal mine permit in the USA, North Antelope Rochelle Mine （NARM） located in short grassland prairie in the northeast Wyoming, is discussed. The permit application process begins with the collection of baseline environ- mental data that characterizes premining conditions of the permit area. The permit application includes adjudication information, baseline information, mine and operation plans, and reclamation plans. Fulfillment of permit commitments and requirements of rules and regulations are inspected monthly by the LQD＇ s representative in the field. Before a mine permit is issued, the mine operator must submit a reclamation bond to secure the performance of reclamation obligations that is later revised annually. In Wyoming, four reclamation bond release phases indicate the completion of various stages of the reclamatikon process. NARM＇s specific bond release verification cirteria, performance standards, and field verificatoins of bond release phases are discussed. The Bond Release Geodatabase （a GIS/GPS approach） was developed for this mine to monitor progress in meeting criteria and performance standards for incremental bond release. The Bond Release Geodatabase significantly reduces the time needed to track bond release progress, reach agreement between operator and regulator, and improve the state inspector＇s ability to assess reclamation adequacy and progress.

Estimate of Peaks of Carbon Emissions and Pricing of Carbon Emission Permit in China

With the aid of Matlab software, the peaks of China＇s carbon emissions and their appearing time in three situations were simulated, and the shallow price of carbon emission permit and its effects on China＇s economic growth were analyzed. The results show that it is most effective and feasible to reduce energy consumption per GDP by 25%, and the peak of China＇s carbon emissions will appear in 2017. As a result, energy conser- vation and emission reduction is realized, and China＇s international talk power about carbon emission will improved. However, the shallow price and permit rate of carbon emission permit calculated in the situation are the lowest, and the adverse impact of the initial price of carbon emissions on China＇s economic growth is the largest. Therefore, consideration should be given to both the promotion of pricing and trading of carbon emission permit to reduction of carbon emissions and their adverse effects on GDP in China.

Optimal design of left-lane line extensions considering non-yielding maneuvers at the beginning of the permitted phase

In order to restrict non-yielding maneuvers of left-turning vehicles,an optimal design of left-lane line extensions is proposed to solve the problem.A field observation was conducted to collect a data set of left-turning vehicles at the beginning of a green phase at two similar intersections(one with a permitted phase and the other with a protected phase).The comparative analysis shows no significant difference in the speed distribution using either a permitted phase or a protected phase,but it reveals that a permitted phase can lead to a larger acceleration when the left-turn vehicles pass through the conflict points.Those indicate the existence of non-yielding maneuvers of left-turn vehicles at signalized intersections with a permitted phase.Optimal designed left-lane line extensions contain two types of segments,circular curves and transition curves,and they are only related to four geometry parameters of an intersection.The proposed method is easy to use and it can offer reference for intersection channelization and traffic organization.

粉煤灰和矿粉对PERMIT和RCM法检测混凝土氯离子扩散系数的影响研究

对采用粉煤灰和矿粉作为胶凝材料等量替代水泥的方法制备的混凝土性能进行了研究,包括混凝土的力学性能和抗氯离子渗透性能,通过PERMIT和RCM两种方法测定混凝土氯离子渗透系数。试验结果表明,通过PERMIT和RCM两种方法测定混凝土抗氯离子渗透系数,两种方法的试验结果有良好的相关性,建立了采用PERMIT法测得的氯离子扩散系数DPERMIT与采用RCM法测得的氯离子扩散系数DRCM之间的关系表达式。

Permit离子迁移仪法混凝土氯离子渗透性研究进展

混凝土抗氯离子渗透性是影响混凝土结构使用寿命的主要因素,外加电场非稳态评价方法无法直接检测、评估实际工程结构的耐久性。Permit离子迁移仪法是一种氯离子渗透性现场原位检测方法,可以快速检测混凝土氯离子扩散系数。文章综述了离子迁移仪试验方法、稳态阶段的判定、氯离子浓度梯度与电导率梯度的关系及测试结果应用,对存在的相关问题进行了讨论并对需进一步研究的问题提出了建议。

Highway Freight Can Be Permitted to Foreign Wholly-Funded Enterprises

Chang Chunxian, deputy minister invested or donated by a foreign coun-of communications said recently

permit不可以与状态小品词连用吗?

著名辞书作者 Michael Swan 在其 Practical English Usage(《英语用法指南》)一书中 p.41上写道,allow 可以与状语小品词连用,而 permit 不能这样用,其例证如下:She wouldn’t allow me in.Mary isn’t allowed out at night.然而,Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs 一书却收有 permit 与状语小品词连用的词条和例证,现摘录如下:

The Scope of China's Service Sectors Permitting Foreign Participation

Finance It is permitted to establish Sino-foreign joint-venture financial companies, wholly foreign-owned financial companies, and Sino-foreign joint-venture banks, provided that both sides in the joint venture are financial institutions, and the foreign side has a representative office in China.

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued the Work Plan for Law Enforcement Inspection of Discharge Permits for Thermal Power Generation and Paper Industries

In order to carry out the Implementation Plan of the Pollutant Emission Controlled Permit System,in accordance with the relevant requirements in the Notice on the Implementation of the Management of Discharge Permits for Elevated Sources from Thermal Power Generation,Paper Industries,and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Pilot Cities,and Notice on Printing and Distributing the Key Points of the National Environmental Monitoring and Law Enforcement Work in 2017,the Ministry of Environmental Protection formulated and published the Work Plan for Law Enforcement Inspection of Discharge Permits for Thermal Power Generation and Paper Industry(No.66,Environmental Monitoring Management Measures[2017])on August 14th,2017.

PERMIT法与RCM法氯离子扩散系数相关性试验

氯离子对钢筋混凝土的侵蚀危害已在业内引起广泛重视,检测混凝土是否具有抗氯离子侵蚀能力非常必要。由英国女王大学开发的现场检测设备PERMIT氯离子扩散系数测定仪,不仅能检测混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀能力,而且能实现无损检测。文章通过试验研究PERMIT法与国内检测混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀能力RCM法的相关性并推算出相关公式。

BNetzA (Federal Network Agency for Electricity, Gas, Telecommunications, Post and Railway)1 and Its Role in Energy Infrastructure Regulation and Planning/Permitting

The following contribution aims at explaining BNetzA’s role in energy infrastructure regulation and planning/permitting of high-voltage electricity nationwide and cross-border transmission lines. It shows the interplay of the two main regulatory instruments and the planning/permitting task as well as more generally the changing role of the regulator in the era of energy transition. The article is based on two presentations on the topic, one at the VIIth WFER in Mexico in March 2018 and one at a conference on “The Governance of Maintenance and Investment in Infrastructures” of the University of Paris-Dauphine in April 2018.

Management of Air Pollution by a System of Transferable Individual Emission Permits with Overlapping Generations

The purpose of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of a pollution management system through individual permits that are distributed to young people with overlapping generations.From a general equilibrium model,the results show that such a system provides the conditions for optimal pollution management.But because of the non-cooperative behavior of the actors,this policy cannot institute intergenerational altruism.Incentives such as tax or subsidy are needed to get the receiving population to better choose between the physical good whose production satisfies their needs and the quality of the environment that depends on their option to sell the permits to firms or the future generation.

PERMIT离子渗透测定方法的应用研究

混凝土保护层的抗氯离子渗透性直接影响钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性。为提高混凝土保护层的抗氯离子渗透性,可以使用透水模板布、防水涂料、防腐涂层等多种技术。介绍一种现场测定混凝土保护层抗氯离子渗透性的非破损试验方法——PERMIT离子渗透试验,并用该方法在青岛海湾大桥工程中评价混凝土保护层的性能改善技术措施的效果。试验结果表明,PERMIT试验方法可以现场测定混凝土保护层或表层混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性,设备简单,操作方便,试验时间短。透水模板布、防水涂料、防腐涂层等技术措施对混凝土保护层均有不同程度的改善。透水模板布的品种不同,改善效果有差异。防水涂料和防腐涂层效果最好。