Multiframe-integrated, in-sensor computing using persistent photoconductivity

The utilization of processing capabilities within the detector holds significant promise in addressing energy consumption and latency challenges. Especially in the context of dynamic motion recognition tasks, where substantial data transfers are necessitated by the generation of extensive information and the need for frame-by-frame analysis. Herein, we present a novel approach for dynamic motion recognition, leveraging a spatial-temporal in-sensor computing system rooted in multiframe integration by employing photodetector. Our approach introduced a retinomorphic MoS_(2) photodetector device for motion detection and analysis. The device enables the generation of informative final states, nonlinearly embedding both past and present frames. Subsequent multiply-accumulate (MAC) calculations are efficiently performed as the classifier. When evaluating our devices for target detection and direction classification, we achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 93.5%. By eliminating the need for frame-by-frame analysis, our system not only achieves high precision but also facilitates energy-efficient in-sensor computing.

The Role of Underlying Boundary Forcing in Shaping the Recent Decadal Change of Persistent Anomalous Activity over the Ural Mountains

Observational analyses demonstrate that the Ural persistent positive height anomaly event(PAE) experienced a decadal increase around the year 2000, exhibiting a southward displacement afterward. These decadal variations are related to a large-scale circulation shift over the Eurasian Continent. The effects of underlying sea ice and sea surface temperature(SST) anomalies on the Ural PAE and the related atmospheric circulation were explored by Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP) experiments from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 and by sensitivity experiments using the Atmospheric General Circulation Model(AGCM). The AMIP experiment results suggest that the underlying sea ice and SST anomalies play important roles. The individual contributions of sea ice loss in the Barents-Kara Seas and the SST anomalies linked to the phase transition of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO) are further investigated by AGCM sensitivity experiments isolating the respective forcings.The sea ice decline in Barents-Kara Seas triggers an atmospheric wave train over the Eurasian mid-to-high latitudes with positive anomalies over the Urals, favoring the occurrence of Ural PAEs. The shift in the PDO to its negative phase triggers a wave train propagating downstream from the North Pacific. One positive anomaly lobe of the wave train is located over the Ural Mountains and increases the PAE there. The negative-to-positive transition of the AMO phase since the late-1990s causes positive 500-h Pa height anomalies south of the Ural Mountains, which promote a southward shift of Ural PAE.

The Persistence and Zonal Scale of Atmospheric Dipolar Modes

This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.

THE PERSISTENCE OF SOLUTIONS IN A NONLOCAL PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH A SHIFTING HABITAT

In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.

Yield of alarm features in predicting significant endoscopic findings among hospitalized patients with dyspepsia

BACKGROUND Dyspepsia is a very prevalent upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms complex.Some of these symptoms might arise from serious underlying diseases,so the promotion of evidence-based guidelines could potentially better align evaluation and treatment.AIM To determine the value of alarm features as a predictive factor for significant endoscopic findings(SEFs)among hospitalized patients presenting with dyspepsia.METHODS We conducted a retrospective case-control study including information about 6208 endoscopic procedures performed for hospitalized patients.Patients were divided into two groups,with and without SEFs,and compared to elucidate the ability of the different alarm features to predict SEFs.RESULTS During the study,605 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria.When the demographics and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared,tachycardia(P<0.05),normocytic anemia,(P<0.05),leukocytosis(P<0.05),and hypoalbuminemia(P<0.05)documented on admission prior to endoscopy were strong predictors of SEFs.Among the alarm features,upper gastrointestinal bleeding,persistent vomiting,odynophagia[odds ratio(OR)=3.81,P<0.05;OR=1.75,P=0.03;and OR=7.81,P=0.07,respectively]were associated with SEFs.Unexplained weight loss was strongly associated with malignancy as an endoscopic finding(OR=2.05;P<0.05).In addition,long-term use of anti-aggregate medications other than aspirin(P<0.05)was correlated to SEFs.CONCLUSION Novel predictors of SEFs were elucidated in this study.These parameters could be used as an adjunctive in decision making regarding performing upper endoscopy in hospitalized patients with dyspepsia.

A Comprehensive Survey on Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) Detection Techniques

The increase in number of people using the Internet leads to increased cyberattack opportunities.Advanced Persistent Threats,or APTs,are among the most dangerous targeted cyberattacks.APT attacks utilize various advanced tools and techniques for attacking targets with specific goals.Even countries with advanced technologies,like the US,Russia,the UK,and India,are susceptible to this targeted attack.APT is a sophisticated attack that involves multiple stages and specific strategies.Besides,TTP(Tools,Techniques,and Procedures)involved in the APT attack are commonly new and developed by an attacker to evade the security system.However,APTs are generally implemented in multiple stages.If one of the stages is detected,we may apply a defense mechanism for subsequent stages,leading to the entire APT attack failure.The detection at the early stage of APT and the prediction of the next step in the APT kill chain are ongoing challenges.This survey paper will provide knowledge about APT attacks and their essential steps.This follows the case study of known APT attacks,which will give clear information about the APT attack process—in later sections,highlighting the various detection methods defined by different researchers along with the limitations of the work.Data used in this article comes from the various annual reports published by security experts and blogs and information released by the enterprise networks targeted by the attack.

Characteristics and Mechanisms of Persistent Wet–Cold Events with Different Cold-air Paths in South China

We investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of persistent wet–cold events(PWCEs)with different types of coldair paths.Results show that the cumulative single-station frequency of the PWCEs in the western part of South China is higher than that in the eastern part.The pattern of single-station frequency of the PWCEs are“Yangtze River(YR)uniform”and“east–west inverse”.The YR uniform pattern is the dominant mode,so we focus on this pattern.The cold-air paths for PWCEs of the YR uniform pattern are divided into three types—namely,the west,northwest and north types—among which the west type accounts for the largest proportion.The differences in atmospheric circulation of the PWCEs under the three types of paths are obvious.The thermal inversion layer in the lower troposphere is favorable for precipitation during the PWCEs.The positive water vapor budget for the three types of PWCEs mainly appears at the southern boundary.

Numerical Analysis of Bacterial Meningitis Stochastic Delayed Epidemic Model through Computational Methods

Based on theWorld Health Organization(WHO),Meningitis is a severe infection of the meninges,the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.It is a devastating disease and remains a significant public health challenge.This study investigates a bacterial meningitis model through deterministic and stochastic versions.Four-compartment population dynamics explain the concept,particularly the susceptible population,carrier,infected,and recovered.The model predicts the nonnegative equilibrium points and reproduction number,i.e.,the Meningitis-Free Equilibrium(MFE),and Meningitis-Existing Equilibrium(MEE).For the stochastic version of the existing deterministicmodel,the twomethodologies studied are transition probabilities and non-parametric perturbations.Also,positivity,boundedness,extinction,and disease persistence are studiedrigorouslywiththe helpofwell-known theorems.Standard and nonstandard techniques such as EulerMaruyama,stochastic Euler,stochastic Runge Kutta,and stochastic nonstandard finite difference in the sense of delay have been presented for computational analysis of the stochastic model.Unfortunately,standard methods fail to restore the biological properties of the model,so the stochastic nonstandard finite difference approximation is offered as an efficient,low-cost,and independent of time step size.In addition,the convergence,local,and global stability around the equilibria of the nonstandard computational method is studied by assuming the perturbation effect is zero.The simulations and comparison of the methods are presented to support the theoretical results and for the best visualization of results.

Detecting APT-Exploited Processes through Semantic Fusion and Interaction Prediction

Considering the stealthiness and persistence of Advanced Persistent Threats(APTs),system audit logs are leveraged in recent studies to construct system entity interaction provenance graphs to unveil threats in a host.Rule-based provenance graph APT detection approaches require elaborate rules and cannot detect unknown attacks,and existing learning-based approaches are limited by the lack of available APT attack samples or generally only perform graph-level anomaly detection,which requires lots of manual efforts to locate attack entities.This paper proposes an APT-exploited process detection approach called ThreatSniffer,which constructs the benign provenance graph from attack-free audit logs,fits normal system entity interactions and then detects APT-exploited processes by predicting the rationality of entity interactions.Firstly,ThreatSniffer understands system entities in terms of their file paths,interaction sequences,and the number distribution of interaction types and uses the multi-head self-attention mechanism to fuse these semantics.Then,based on the insight that APT-exploited processes interact with system entities they should not invoke,ThreatSniffer performs negative sampling on the benign provenance graph to generate non-existent edges,thus characterizing irrational entity interactions without requiring APT attack samples.At last,it employs a heterogeneous graph neural network as the interaction prediction model to aggregate the contextual information of entity interactions,and locate processes exploited by attackers,thereby achieving fine-grained APT detection.Evaluation results demonstrate that anomaly-based detection enables ThreatSniffer to identify all attack activities.Compared to the node-level APT detection method APT-KGL,ThreatSniffer achieves a 6.1%precision improvement because of its comprehensive understanding of entity semantics.

Effect of autologous serum after amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent corneal ulcers

AIM:To investigate the effect of adding autologous serum eye drops to the postoperative regime after amniotic membrane transplantation for severe persistent corneal ulcers.METHODS:Forty eyes of 40 patients with persistent corneal ulcers were randomly assigned to artificial tears(sodium hyaluronate 0.2%,ATs group,n=20)or autologous serum eye drops(ASEDs,n=20)following treatment with amniotic membrane transplantation.Digital slit lamp images were acquired from all patients before and 30d post treatment.The area with fibrovascular tissue was calculated using Image J.Central corneal sensitivity was assessed by Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry before and one month after treatment.Scar tissue transparency was assessed with a novel optical densitometry.RESULTS:Mean age of patients was 61.65±16.47y and 57.3±19.11y in the ATs group and ASEDs group,respectively.Twenty-two male and 18 female patients were included in the study.The improvement in visual acuity was significantly greater in the ASEDs group(0.14±0.04)than the ATs(0.08±0.04;P=0.00046).Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry improved significantly after treatment with a similar rate between groups.There were no statistically significant differences in the area of postoperative fibrovascular tissue between the two groups(P=0.082).The success rate in the two groups was similar.The difference in densitometry between the ATs and ASEDs group was statistically significant(P=0.042)with greater reduction from baseline in the ASEDS group.CONCLUSION:Autologous serum eye drops can lead to better visual acuity,more stable results and improved densitometry and should be considered in the postoperative care following amniotic membrane transplantation.

Hydromassage of macular hole edges for large and persistent full-thickness macular holes

●AIM:To introduce the macular hole(MH)hydromassage technique as a potentially beneficial approach for the treatment of large or persistent MH.●METHODS:This retrospective observational case series comprised 16 consecutive patients(17 eyes)diagnosed with MH.Inclusion criteria involved a hole aperture diameter larger than 600μm or the presence of an unclosed MH larger than 600μm following the previous vitrectomy.Standard MH repair procedures were administered in all cases,involving the manipulation and aspiration of the hole margin through the application of water flow with a soft-tip flute needle.A comprehensive assessment was conducted for each case before and after surgery,and optical coherence tomography(OCT)images were captured at every follow-up point.●RESULTS:The mean preoperative aperture diameter was 747±156μm(range 611-1180μm),with a mean base diameter of 1390±435μm(range 578-2220μm).Following surgery,all cases achieved complete anatomical closure of MH,with 13 cases(76.5%)exhibiting type 1 closure and 4 cases(23.5%)demonstrating type 2 closure.No significant differences were observed in the preoperative OCT variables between the two closure types.Eyes with type 1 closure showed a significantly improved visual acuity(0.70±0.10,range 0.50-0.80)compared to those with type 2 closure(0.90±0.12,range 0.80-1.00,P=0.014).●CONCLUSION:The MH hydromassage technique demonstrates promising results,achieving acceptable closure rates in cases of large or persistent MH.This technique may serve as an effective adjunctive maneuver during challenging MH surgery.

Mechanisms to explain soil liquefaction triggering,development,and persistence during an earthquake

Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is governed by the flux properties and effective stress at that plane.At the failure plane,the pore water pressure was higher than the effective stress,and the volume change was the highest.The pore water pressure is a function of the soil profile features(particularly the phreatic zone width)and bedrock motion(horizontal acceleration).The volume change at the failure plane is a function of the intrinsic permeability of the soil and bedrock displacement.The failure plane was predicted to occur during the oscillation with the highest amplitude,disregarding further bedrock motion,which was consistent with low seismic energy densities.Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the persistence of soil liquefaction.The first is the existence of low-permeability layers in the depth range in which the failure planes are predicted to occur.The other allows for the persistence and development of soil liquefaction;it is consistent with homogeneous soils and requires water inflow from bedrock water springs.The latter explains many of the features of soil liquefaction observed during earthquakes,namely,surficial effects,“instant”liquefaction,and the occurrence of short-and long-term changes in the level of the phreatic surfaces.This model(hypothesis),the relationship between the flux characteristics and loss of soil shear strength,provides self-consistent constraints on the depth below the phreatic surfaces where the failure planes are observed(expected to occur).It requires further experimental and observational evidence.Similar reasoning can be used to explain other saturated soil phenomena.

Clinical study of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis and acute biliary pancreatitis with persistent organ failure

BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)are novel inflammatory indicators that can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases.We categorize acute pancreatitis by etiology into acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP)and hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis(HTGP).AIM To investigate the clinical significance of NLR and PLR in assessing persistent organ failure(POF)in HTGP and ABP.METHODS A total of 1450 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis(AP)for the first time at Shanxi Bethune Hospital between January 2012 and January 2023 were enrolled.The patients were categorized into two groups according to the etiology of AP:ABP in 530 patients and HTGP in 241 patients.We collected and compared the clinical data of the patients,including NLR,PLR,and AP prognostic scoring systems,within 48 h of hospital admission.RESULTS The NLR(9.1 vs 6.9,P<0.001)and PLR(203.1 vs 160.5,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the ABP group than in the HTGP group.In the HTGP group,both NLR and PLR were significantly increased in patients with severe AP and those with a SOFA score≥3.Likewise,in the ABP group,NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with severe AP,modified computed tomography severity index score≥4,Japanese Severity Score≥3,and modified Marshall score≥2.Moreover,NLR and PLR showed predictive value for the development of POF in both the ABP and HTGP groups.CONCLUSION NLR and PLR vary between ABP and HTGP,are strongly associated with AP prognostic scoring systems,and have predictive potential for the occurrence of POF in both ABP and HTGP.

Risk factors associated with intraoperative persistent hypotension in pancreaticoduodenectomy

BACKGROUND Intraoperative persistent hypotension(IPH)during pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is linked to adverse postoperative outcomes,yet its risk factors remain unclear.AIM To clarify the risk factors associated with IPH during PD,ensuring patient safety in the perioperative period.METHODS A retrospective analysis of patient records from January 2018 to December 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University identified factors associated with IPH in PD.These factors included age,gender,body mass index,American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,comorbidities,medication history,operation duration,fluid balance,blood loss,urine output,and blood gas parameters.IPH was defined as sustained mean arterial pressure<65 mmHg,requiring prolonged deoxyepinephrine infusion for>30 min despite additional deoxyepinephrine and fluid treatments.RESULTS Among 1596 PD patients,661(41.42%)experienced IPH.Multivariate logistic regression identified key risk factors:increased age[odds ratio(OR):1.20 per decade,95%confidence interval(CI):1.08-1.33](P<0.001),longer surgery duration(OR:1.15 per additional hour,95%CI:1.05-1.26)(P<0.01),and greater blood loss(OR:1.18 per 250-mL increment,95%CI:1.06-1.32)(P<0.01).A novel finding was the association of arterial blood Ca^(2+)<1.05 mmol/L with IPH(OR:2.03,95%CI:1.65-2.50)(P<0.001).CONCLUSION IPH during PD is independently associated with older age,prolonged surgery,increased blood loss,and lower plasma Ca^(2+).

Enhancing predictive accuracy in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis:Role of red cell distribution width and prospective studies

This letter addresses the study titled“Red cell distribution width:A predictor of the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis”by Lv et al published in the World Journal of Experimental Medicine.The study offers a valuable analysis of red cell distribution width(RDW)as a predictive marker for persistent organ failure in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis.The study results suggest that RDW,combined with the Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis score,could enhance the predictive accuracy for severe outcomes.Further investigation into the role of RDW in different severities of acute pancreatitis is recommended.Additionally,the need for large-scale and multicenter prospective studies to validate these findings is emphasized.

Characteristics and fate behavior of environmentally persistent free radicals in atmospheric particulate matter

Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various environments.The strong environmental migration ability of particulate matter allows EPFRs to migrate over long-distance transport,thereby impacting the quality of the local atmospheric environment.Additionally,EPFRs can also adhere to atmospheric particles and interact with typical gaseous pollutants to affect atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs can produce some reactive organic species,promoting oxidative stress in the human body,damaging biological macromolecules and ultimately affecting the organism health.EPFRs are considered as a novel type of pollutant that affects human health.Despite their significance,there are few literatures available on the characteristics and fate behaviors of EPFRs up to date.Therefore,supplemental reviews are crucial for providing comprehensive understanding of EPFRs.Materials and methods This review summarizes the characteristics of EPFRs in particulate matter,outlines the generation mechanism and influencing factors of EPFRs,and the impacts of EPFRs on environmental quality and organism health.Results The content of EPFRs in particulate matter ranges from 1017 to 1020 spins∙g−1.Due to the strong mobility of atmospheric particulate matter,the long-term exposure to high levels of EPFRs may aggravate the impact of particulate matter on human health.The interaction between EPFRs and typical gaseous pollutants can alter their fate and influence atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs are mainly produced by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons through electron transfer.Additionally,the chemical bond rupture of organic substances through heat treatment or ultraviolet radiation can also produce EPFRs,and heterogeneous reactions are capable producing them as well.The production of EPFRs is not only influenced by transition metal elements and precursors,but also by various environmental factors such as oxygen,temperature,light radiation,and relative humidity.Discussion EPFRs in atmospheric particulates matters are usually rich in fine particulates with obvious seasonal and regional variations.They can easily enter the human respiratory tract and lungs with inhalable particulates,thereby increasing the risk of exposure.Additionally,EPFRs in atmospheric particulates can interact with some typical gaseous pollutants,impacting the life and fate of EPFRs in the atmosphere,and alter atmospheric chemical reactions.Traditionally,EPFRs are generated by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons undergoing electron transfer in the post-flame and cool-zone regions of combustion systems and other thermal processes to remove HCl,H_(2)O or CO groups,ultimately produce semiquinones,phenoxyls,and cyclopentadienyls.Recent studies have indicated that EPFRs can also be generated under the conditions of without transition metal elemental.Organics can also produce EPFRs through chemical bond rupture during heat treatment or light radiation conditions,as well as through some heterogeneous reactions and photochemical secondary generation of EPFRs.The presence or absence of oxygen has different effects on the type and yield of EPFRs.The concentration,type,and crystal type of transition metal elements will affect the type,content,and atmospheric lifetime of EPFRs.It is generally believed that the impact of transition metal element types on EPFRs is related to the oxidation-reduction potential.The combustion temperature or heat treatment process significantly affects the type and amount of EPFRs.Factors such as precursor loading content,pH conditions,light radiation and relative humidity also influence the generation of EPFRs.EPFRs can interact with pollutants in the environment during their migration and transformation process in environmental medium.This process accelerates the degradation of pollutants and plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of organic pollutants in environmental media.The reaction process of EPFRs may lead to the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)such as∙OH,which can induce oxidative stress,inflammation and immune response to biological lung cells and tissues,leading to chronic respiratory and cardiopulmonary dysfunction,cardiovascular damage and neurotoxic effects,ultimately impacting the health of organisms.Conclusions The interaction mechanism between EPFRs in particulate matter and gaseous pollutants remains unclear.Furthermore,research on the generation mechanism of EPFRs without the participation of transition metals is not comprehensive,and the detection of EPFRs is limited to simple qualitative categories and lack accurate qualitative analysis.Recommendations and perspectives Further research should be conducted on the generation mechanism,measurement techniques,migration pathways,and transformation process of EPFRs.It is also important to explore the interaction between EPFRs in atmospheric particulate matter and typical gaseous pollutants.

Insider threat detection approach for tobacco industry based on heterogeneous graph embedding

In the tobacco industry,insider employee attack is a thorny problem that is difficult to detect.To solve this issue,this paper proposes an insider threat detection method based on heterogeneous graph embedding.First,the interrelationships between logs are fully considered,and log entries are converted into heterogeneous graphs based on these relationships.Second,the heterogeneous graph embedding is adopted and each log entry is represented as a low-dimensional feature vector.Then,normal logs and malicious logs are classified into different clusters by clustering algorithm to identify malicious logs.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the method is verified through experiments on the CERT dataset.The experimental results show that this method has better performance compared to some baseline methods.

Hysteroscopic cervical biopsy for women with persistent human papillomavirus infection after loop electrosurgical excision procedure: A case report

BACKGROUNDAlmost all cases of cervical cancer can be attributed to human papillomavirus(HPV) infection. The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is widelyused to treat HPV-mediated disease;thus, cervical cancer is highly preventable.However, LEEP does not necessarily clear HPV rapidly and may affect theaccuracy of the results of ThinPrep cytology test (TCT) and cervical biopsy due tothe formation of cervical scars.CASE SUMMARYA 40-year-old woman underwent LEEP for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade1 approximately 10 years ago. Subsequent standard cervical cancer screeningsuggested persistent HPV-52 infection, but TCT results were negative. Cervicalbiopsy under colposcopy was performed thrice over a 10-year period, yieldingnegative pathology results. She developed abnormal vaginal bleeding after sexualactivity, persisting for approximately 1 year, and underwent hysteroscopy in ourhospital. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed adenocarcinoma in situ of theuterine cervix.CONCLUSIONPatients with long-term persistent, high-risk HPV infection and negative pathologyresults of cervical biopsy after LEEP are at risk of cervical cancer. Hysteroscopicresection of cervical canal tissue is recommended as a supplement tocervical biopsy because it helps define the lesion site and may yield a pathologicdiagnosis.

Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Complicated by Acute Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: Herpes simplex virus is the most common etiology for life-threatening sporadic encephalitis worldwide. Antiviral therapy with acyclovir has been shown to reduce mortality and should be started promptly in patients with clinically suspected viral encephalitis before serological confirmation of the diagnosis. Despite antiviral treatment, it is associated with significant mortality and a wide range of neurologic sequelae or neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical presentation includes fever, headache, altered mental status, and focal or generalized seizures. In some cases, it can present with focal neurological deficits, such as an acute stroke. The aim of this study is to identify rare complications of HSVE. Presentation: We present a case of a 71-year-old female patient with herpes virus encephalitis and an ischemic cerebral accident. The findings of CT scan of the brain revealed an extensive right temporal hypodensity. CSF findings include an elevated protein level, normal glucose level and pleocytosis with lymphocyte predominance. The lumbar tap confirmed the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the CSF. Neurological manifestations include focal neurological deficit with left-sided hemiparesis and coma. After 40 days of complex therapy, an improvement in the mental state was observed. Conclusion: There are varying degrees of neurologic sequelae among survivors in children and adults despite the antiviral treatment. Herpes simplex encephalitis has significant morbidity and high mortality due to the lack of prophylactic treatment and preventable strategies.

Comparative Study of Acute Coronary Syndrome with Persistent ST-Segment Elevation (STEMI) between Diabetics and Non-Diabetics in Dakar, Senegal

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the frequency of diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), assess their epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profiles, and evaluate their therapeutic strategies and outcomes. Methodology: A descriptive, analytical, comparative study with prospective and retrospective data collection was conducted from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. Diabetic and non-diabetic patients with STEMI admitted to a cardiology department were included. STEMI diagnosis was based on clinical and electrocardiographic criteria showing persistent ST-segment elevation in at least two leads. All patients included in the study signed a written, informed consent form. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: STEMI prevalence was 15.27%, with 37.11% of patients being diabetic and 62.89% non-diabetic. Diabetic patients had a mean age of 59.2 ± 10.9 years, while non-diabetics averaged 58 ± 13.4 years. Diabetics were predominantly female (72.2%), whereas non-diabetics were mainly male (83.6%). Smoking was less frequent among diabetics (25% vs. 47.54%), but hypertension, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle were more common. Diabetics had an average of 3.5 ± 1.1 risk factors compared to 2.6 ± 1.2 in non-diabetics. Admission delay was longer for diabetics (34.8 ± 51.6 hours vs. 23.3 ± 52.3 hours). Chest pain was the main symptom in both groups. Electrocardiograms showed that anterior and inferior infarctions were most frequent. Triple vessel disease and severe complications, such as cardiogenic shock, were more common in diabetics, who also had higher mortality (5.56% vs. 3.28%). Conclusion: Diabetic STEMI patients represent a high-risk group with distinct clinical features, longer admission delays, and a greater accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.