The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compa...The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compared with those of developed counterparts (e.g. US, EU, Japan). Currently, while the legal framework on POPs management, which complies with international guidelines has been established, it should be improved in the areas of special POPs management, risk assessment, the precautionary principle, life-cycle management and technical support capacity. The analysis of Chinese POPs policy and suggestions for strengthening the science-based decision making capacity are not only useful for Chinese decision-makers, but also a case study for developing world and make a great contribution for the global elimination of POPs to make a toxic-free future.展开更多
The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-s...The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-stable aggregate fractions and to study their influence on soil organic carbon (C<sub>org</sub>) content. Soil samples were taken from a forest-site, Gogerddan (G) and a semi-rural site, Hazelrigg (H) in Great Britain, from 0-2 and 2-5 cm and 0-4 and 8-12 cm soil depth, respectively. POPs analyzed were PAHs, PCBs, total DDT, PBDEs and HCB. The bulk soil analysis showed that the concentration of POPs was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in forest site G than in semi-rural site H, particularly at the surface soil levels compared to the subsurface soil depths in both sites. Total concentrations of PCBs and PAHs of both sites were positively correlated with C<sub>org</sub> contents. POPs concentrations and C<sub>org</sub>, N<sub>t</sub> contents of forest site G were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in water-stable macro aggregates (>0.25, >1, >2 mm) than the micro aggregates (>0.053 mm). The POP concentrations of all aggregate fractions after normalizing to their respective C<sub>org</sub> content were increased due higher contamination and strong sorption by C<sub>org</sub>. These results showed a strong effect of C<sub>org</sub> on the partitioning of organic pollutants to soil aggregate size fractions. The present study affirms the ecological significance of forest soils act as a potential sink of POPs. In summary, our results suggest that aggregate fractions may promote soil C storage and act as a potential POP sink in surface soil without increasing their concentration in the aggregate fraction of subsoil.展开更多
Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing prob...Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing problems in pollution control were analyzed,and finally pollution control countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.展开更多
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent or...The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are of great concern because of their adverse effects on human health and the environment. Exposure to POPs may lead to cancer, infertility, respiratory infections, and other health complications. It is therefore critical to study the degree of human and environmental exposure to these POPs. Passive air sampling was conducted in South Africa to evaluate the presence and trends of persistent organic pollutants at Barberspan (rural agricultural), Vanderbijl Park (urban industrial) and Molopo Nature Reserve (isolated nature reserve). Samples were collected in 2012. Passive air samplers using poly were used for sampling. The Buchi System B-811 automatic extractor was used to analyze for dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane (DDT), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), hexechlorobenzene (HCB) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Sampling was conducted for a period of one year. POPs concentrations were generally low at all sites, but Vanderbijl Park had the highest concentrations. Seasonal changes in concentrations were much the same at the three sites with temperatures and wind patterns being major factors. The presence of these chemicals in Molopo Nature Reserve and Barberspan is evidence of long range transportation over dry semi desert areas. Back-trajectories indicate possible sources, including areas where DDT is used for malaria control. The presence of POPs is areas they have never been in use poses health and environmental risks in these areas.展开更多
Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,wh...Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,which are constrained and regulated by various physical,chemical and biological factors.POPs can affect ecological conditions,chemical properties of water and sedi ments,and biodiversity of the lake system.Therefore,it is important to study the sources,migration,transformation,environmental behavior and ecological impacts of POPs in lake ecosystems.This re view summarizes research progress on detection technologies,diversity and origins,historical records,migration and transformation,distribution patterns,degradation and toxic effects of POPs in lakes.Fi nally,future directions related to POPs in lakes were summarized.展开更多
文摘The development of Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) control policy in China in the context of international concerns on POPs was reviewed. The aspects of the Chinese POPs control strategies were analyzed, and compared with those of developed counterparts (e.g. US, EU, Japan). Currently, while the legal framework on POPs management, which complies with international guidelines has been established, it should be improved in the areas of special POPs management, risk assessment, the precautionary principle, life-cycle management and technical support capacity. The analysis of Chinese POPs policy and suggestions for strengthening the science-based decision making capacity are not only useful for Chinese decision-makers, but also a case study for developing world and make a great contribution for the global elimination of POPs to make a toxic-free future.
基金financed by the Higher Education Commission(HEC) of Pakistan and German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)
文摘The fate of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their interactions with aggregates of forest soils are not completely understood. Our objectives here were to quantify the distribution of different POPs in water-stable aggregate fractions and to study their influence on soil organic carbon (C<sub>org</sub>) content. Soil samples were taken from a forest-site, Gogerddan (G) and a semi-rural site, Hazelrigg (H) in Great Britain, from 0-2 and 2-5 cm and 0-4 and 8-12 cm soil depth, respectively. POPs analyzed were PAHs, PCBs, total DDT, PBDEs and HCB. The bulk soil analysis showed that the concentration of POPs was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in forest site G than in semi-rural site H, particularly at the surface soil levels compared to the subsurface soil depths in both sites. Total concentrations of PCBs and PAHs of both sites were positively correlated with C<sub>org</sub> contents. POPs concentrations and C<sub>org</sub>, N<sub>t</sub> contents of forest site G were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in water-stable macro aggregates (>0.25, >1, >2 mm) than the micro aggregates (>0.053 mm). The POP concentrations of all aggregate fractions after normalizing to their respective C<sub>org</sub> content were increased due higher contamination and strong sorption by C<sub>org</sub>. These results showed a strong effect of C<sub>org</sub> on the partitioning of organic pollutants to soil aggregate size fractions. The present study affirms the ecological significance of forest soils act as a potential sink of POPs. In summary, our results suggest that aggregate fractions may promote soil C storage and act as a potential POP sink in surface soil without increasing their concentration in the aggregate fraction of subsoil.
文摘Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing problems in pollution control were analyzed,and finally pollution control countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.
文摘The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SCPOPs) is an international treaty that operates under the patronage of the United Nations (UN) to control certain chemicals that are considered persistent organic pollutants (POPs). They are of great concern because of their adverse effects on human health and the environment. Exposure to POPs may lead to cancer, infertility, respiratory infections, and other health complications. It is therefore critical to study the degree of human and environmental exposure to these POPs. Passive air sampling was conducted in South Africa to evaluate the presence and trends of persistent organic pollutants at Barberspan (rural agricultural), Vanderbijl Park (urban industrial) and Molopo Nature Reserve (isolated nature reserve). Samples were collected in 2012. Passive air samplers using poly were used for sampling. The Buchi System B-811 automatic extractor was used to analyze for dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane (DDT), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB), hexechlorobenzene (HCB) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Sampling was conducted for a period of one year. POPs concentrations were generally low at all sites, but Vanderbijl Park had the highest concentrations. Seasonal changes in concentrations were much the same at the three sites with temperatures and wind patterns being major factors. The presence of these chemicals in Molopo Nature Reserve and Barberspan is evidence of long range transportation over dry semi desert areas. Back-trajectories indicate possible sources, including areas where DDT is used for malaria control. The presence of POPs is areas they have never been in use poses health and environmental risks in these areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172336).
文摘Lakes are the main reservoirs of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from land,atmo sphere and rivers.POPs in lakes undergo complex exchange,transformation,and degradation between water-air-sediment-biota interfaces,which are constrained and regulated by various physical,chemical and biological factors.POPs can affect ecological conditions,chemical properties of water and sedi ments,and biodiversity of the lake system.Therefore,it is important to study the sources,migration,transformation,environmental behavior and ecological impacts of POPs in lake ecosystems.This re view summarizes research progress on detection technologies,diversity and origins,historical records,migration and transformation,distribution patterns,degradation and toxic effects of POPs in lakes.Fi nally,future directions related to POPs in lakes were summarized.
