Knowledge Practical Attitude of Health Professionals on Breast Cancer at the Hospital of the District of the Commune IV of Bamako

Introduction: The level of knowledge and attitude of health professionals about breast cancer are important determinants. General objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of health professionals of the hospital of the district of the commune IV on breast cancer. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive, qualitative and quantitative study. The study period was from 01 October 2022 to December 2022. Results: In one week of survey, 110 health workers (intern, obstetrician nurse, general practitioners and specialists) received the survey sheet, 80 health workers informed it, a participation rate of 73%. The male sex was most represented at 63.75% with a sex ratio of 1.76. The average age was 39.59 years with extremes of 22 and 61 years. The clinical signs evoked by the participants were: breast nodule (81.25%), followed by breast discharge (48.75%). In relation to risk factors: interns and obstetrician nurses had no good knowledge, 51.72% of general practitioners had good knowledge, 43.48% of specialist doctors had good knowledge, and 5.88% of the wise had good knowledge. Conclusion: Breast cancer is a common pathology around the world, health professionals are at the forefront of the fight against breast cancer, and this fight cannot be effective without trained personnel.

Health personnel-targeted education interventions on inpatient suicide prevention in general hospitals:A scoping review

Background:Inpatient suicide is an important part of patient safety management in general hospitals.Incidence of inpatient suicide can be decreased by health personnel mastering inpatient suicide prevention strategy.To enhance health personnel’s inpatient suicide prevention strategy,education intervention is a common method.Educational interventions in the researches varied in contents,duration and outcome measurements.However,there has been not synthesis of education interventions targeting health personnel on inpatient suicide prevention.Objective:Prevention of inpatient suicide is a critical priority in patient safety management in general hospitals.Incidence of inpatient suicide can be decreased by effective strategies mastered by health personnel through education interventions.Educational interventions in researches varied in contents,duration and outcome measurements.We aimed to review education interventions targeting health personnel on inpatient suicide prevention.Methods:A scoping review was used to analyze existing researches on education interventions targeting health personnel focusing on inpatient suicide prevention in general hospitals.Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,and Chinese Scientific Journal Database were searched in Oct 2019.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the searched studies were screened by two reviewers.And then,two researchers conducted the data extraction independently by using a table format,including the first author,year of publication,study design,participants,education intervention,etc.Results:Twelve studies were included in this scoping review.The contents of education interventions on inpatient suicide prevention included three aspects:suicide knowledge,suicide assessment,and skills for coping with suicide.The duration of education interventions ranged from 1.5-h to 32.0-h.The effects of education interventions were mainly focused on participants’knowledge,attitudes and skills of suicide prevention.Conclusion:The evidence showed that education interventions on inpatient suicide prevention had positive impact on health personnel’s knowledge,attitude and skills about inpatient suicide prevention in general hospitals.However,the best health personnel-targeted education intervention on inpatient suicide prevention in general hospitals was yet to be determined.In the future,it is necessary to combine evidence in this review and the actual condition in clinical practice.

Needs assessment and expectations regarding evidence-based practice knowledge acquisition and training activities:A cross-sectional study of healthcare personnel in China

Objectives Evidence-based healthcare contributes to the improvement of healthcare quality and informs healthcare decision-making.The provision of timely high-quality evidence is always required to fulfil the ever-changing needs and expectations of healthcare personnel.This study aimed to assess the needs and expectations of healthcare personnel regarding evidence-based healthcare in China.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey from December 8,2020 to January 15,2021 involving 901 participants across China.Healthcare providers,policy makers,researchers and educators,and full-time postgraduate medical and nursing students working/living in China were eligible to participate.A self-developed questionnaire was used.Results Participants generally agreed that health-related research evidence was beneficial.Evidence-based resources,such as Cochrane resources,were only known or used by about half of the respondents due to difficulties related to availability and accessibility.Various types of resources,topics of evidence,and themes of workshops were of particular interest to most of the participants.Conclusions The dissemination and translation of evidence,provision of more support in evidence availability,offering evidence-based training,and determining the most in-demand research areas have been identified as priority areas of work which could fulfil the needs and expectations of healthcare personnel in China.

COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors in Turkish healthcare workers practicing chest medicine

Objective: To evaluate the COVID-19 vaccination status and related characteristics of Turkish healthcare workers practicing chest medicine.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among the Turkish Thoracic Society members. The survey was started on May 17, 2021, and kept open for seven weeks. The 39-item survey included the COVID-19 vaccination status and demographic, clinical, and occupational characteristics. Results: Of 378 healthcare workers participated in the survey, 354(93.7%) reported receiving at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 323(91.2%) healthcare workers received CoronaVac vs. BioNTech/Pfizer in 31(8.8%). In the CoronaVac group, 77(23.8%) contracted COVID-19 when not fully vaccinated, and 13(4.0%) when fully vaccinated;however, 16(51.6%) healthcare workers in the BioNTech/Pfizer group got COVID-19 when not fully vaccinated, but any fully vaccinated participants did not contract COVID-19(P=0.003). Regarding vaccine dosing, 328(86.8%) were fully vaccinated, while 50(13.2%) were not. Multiple regression analysis for being a non-fully vaccinated healthcare worker demonstrated a significant relationship with having any SARS-CoV-2 infection history(adjusted OR 9.57, 95% CI 3.93-23.26, P<0.001) and being a non-physician healthcare worker(adjusted OR 5.86, 95% CI 2.11-16.26, P=0.001), but a significant negative relationship with full-time working at the time of survey(adjusted OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03-0.56, P=0.006). Conclusions: Although a majority of healthcare workers were fully vaccinated, occupational and non-occupational characteristics were related to being non-fully vaccinated. Active surveillance regarding the COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers is necessary to address specific parameters as barriers to vaccination.

Demographic and risk characteristics of healthcare workers infected with SARS-CoV-2 from two tertiary care hospitals in the United Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND Understanding the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection among healthcare workers(HCWs)and their social contacts is crucial to plan appropriate risk-reduction measures.AIM To analyze the socio-demographic risk factors and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs in two tertiary care hospitals in Dubai,United Arab Emirates.METHODS The demographic and clinical characteristics were available for all HCWs in both facilities from the human resources department.A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January-April 2022 among HCWs who tested positive through Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction of the nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 between March 2020 and August 2021 in two tertiary-level hospitals.The survey included questions on demographics,work profile,characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and infection among their household or co-workers.The survey also checked the knowledge and perception of participants on the infection prevention measures related to SARS-CoV-2.RESULTS Out of a total of 346 HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2,286(82.7%)HCWs consented to participate in this study.From the sample population,150(52.5%)of participants were female,and a majority(230,80.4%)were frontline HCWs,including 121 nurses(121,42.4%).Only 48(16.8%)participants were fully vaccinated at the time of infection.Most infected HCWs(85%)were unaware of any unprotected exposure and were symptomatic at the time of testing(225,78.7%).Nearly half of the participants(140,49%)had co-infection among household,and nearly one-third(29.5%)had coinfection among three or more household.Another 108(37.8%)participants reported crossinfection among co-workers.The frontline HCWs were significantly more infected(25.1%vs 8.6%,P<0.001)compared to non-frontline HCWs.Another significant risk factor for a high infection rate was male sex(P<0.001).Among the infected frontline HCWs,a significantly higher proportion were male and shared accommodation with family(P<0.001).COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced the infection rate(83.2%vs 16.8,P<0.001)among HCWs.Most participants(99.3%)were aware about importance of appropriate use of personal protective equipment.However,only 70%agreed with the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccination in preventing an infection and severe disease.CONCLUSION The risk profiling of the HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 found that working at frontline and being male increase the rate of infection.COVID-19 vaccination can effectively reduce the rate of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs.

离散选择实验在卫生人力资源领域的应用进展

背景运用离散选择实验(DCE)对卫生人员工作选择倾向性进行研究,可以为制定农村及偏远地区吸引和留用卫生人员相关政策提供科学且有效的依据。目的对DCE应用于卫生人力资源领域的研究进行梳理、总结和归纳,以期为将来的相关研究提供参考。方法于2022年2—4月,系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中与DCE应用于卫生人力资源领域相关的文献。提取纳入文献的研究对象、分析模型、选择项设置及研究结果等。结果最终纳入44篇文献,文献发表时间为2000—2020年。研究对象主要为在职卫生工作者、学生;纳入文献中,6篇是标签式,其余为一般式;属性数量为4~8个;水平数量以2~4个居多(88.6%,39/44)。高收入国家的研究中将全科医生团队合作、工作量作为工作属性;中低收入国家的研究中工作属性选择最多的是住房(21次),其次是设施、药物等的配备(19次)、学习/培训机会(16次)。各文献的工作属性均纳入了收入(工资)。形成的工作属性框架包含4个层面:社会层面,包括医院规模、社会支持/尊重、身份确认(编制或成为永久员工);工作层面,包括工作地点、工作条件、工作量、工作(管理)氛围、团队合作、上级指导(针对基层卫生工作者);职业发展层面,包括晋升年限、培训(继续教育)机会、学术和研究机会;生活层面,包括收入、住房、交通、子女教育。分析模型运用最多的是Mixed Logit Model(19次),其次是Conditional Logit Model(9次)、Generalized Multinomial Logit Model(3次)。结论该领域研究结果的异质性较大,难以得出统一结论。而且DCE在卫生人力资源领域的应用仍需进一步在全球范围内推广,相关研究十分有限,得到的证据尚需进一步研究的证实。

突发公共卫生事件下急进高原作业的医务人员急性高原反应与心理状况调查

目的对突发公共卫生事件下急进高原作业的医务人员的急性高原反应(AMS)与心理状况进行调查,旨在为预防AMS的发生及制订心理干预策略提供科学依据。方法研究对象为2022年8月26日至9月9日紧急进入拉萨市开展医疗支援工作的医务人员。通过AMS临床症状量表将得分0~10分的受试者纳入轻微高原反应(SAMS)组,≥11分的受试者纳入高原反应(AMS)组。调查两组一般资料及情绪状态自评量表、压力感受量表-10(PSS-10)、9项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)评分。结果共调查175名医务人员,其中SAMS组108名,AMS组67名,PHQ-9检出抑郁情绪发生率为49.71%,GAD-7检出焦虑情绪发生率为18.86%。与SAMS组相比,AMS组无高原经历的比例、PHQ-9阳性率、PSS-10评分以及情绪自评量表中疲劳、失眠、食欲减退、担心被感染维度评分均更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,PSS-10评分(OR=1.091,95%CI 1.020~1.167,P=0.011)及无高原经历(OR=2.614,95%CI 1.047~6.529,P=0.040)是急进高原作业的医务人员发生AMS的危险因素。结论急进高原作业的医务人员容易发生AMS,且存在突出的焦虑抑郁情绪,缺少高原经历及压力感知突出者AMS更显著,有必要对其开展针对性的预防及心理干预。

灵活就业人员医疗保险困境与实践探索

随着共享经济、平台经济、数字经济的发展,传统灵活就业人员以及新型灵活就业人员的医疗保险面临新问题。灵活就业人员的健康、健康受到损害获得恢复的能力是劳动力要素的重要内容,对经济社会发展具有举足轻重的作用。灵活就业人员医疗保险相关政策亟须完善,参保率低、参保渠道窄、保险待遇低等因素影响着灵活就业人员健康权的保障。解决灵活就业人员医疗保险问题需要政府、企业的共同努力。政府应制定和完善相关政策和法规,鼓励和要求企业为灵活就业人员提供医疗保险福利;企业可以主动为灵活就业人员提供医疗保险福利,增加企业的吸引力,提高灵活就业人员的幸福感和获得感。

ABC分类绩效管理法对医务人员服务质量、心理健康及工作满意度的影响

目的:探究基于ABC分类绩效管理法对医务人员的影响。方法:选取2021年3月-2022年3月某院200名在职医务人员,随机分为对照组和观察组,各100例,对照组采用统一医院绩效管理模式,观察组给予基于ABC分类绩效管理法。比较两组服务质量[医疗服务质量量表(CQS)]、心理健康[焦虑自评表(SAS)和抑郁自评表(SDS)]、主观幸福感[主观幸福感量表(GWB)]、工作满意度[明尼苏达工作满意度问卷短式量表(MSQ)]及同情疲劳状况调查[职业生命质量量表中文版(ProQOL)]。结果:干预后与对照组相比,观察组CQS各维度评分明显较高(t=-6.944,-6.920,-7.220;P<0.05),SAS评分和SDS评分明显较低(t=4.894,4.145;P<0.05),GWB各维度评分明显较高(t=-8.548,-4.699,-5.972,-6.778,-9.472,-6.377;P<0.05),MSQ各维度评分明显较高(t=-7.939,-8.925,-7.151;P<0.05),ProQOL各维度评分明显较低(t=10.441,9.667,5.661;P<0.05)。结论:针对医务人员给予基于ABC分类绩效管理法,可明显改善其服务质量,促进心理健康,增加主观幸福感,提升工作满意度,改善同情疲劳状况。

军队特勤人员高同型半胱氨酸血症检出率及影响因素分析

目的 探讨特勤人员高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)检出率及影响因素,为开展针对性的健康干预提供科学依据。方法 以2023年9月至2024年1月在某疗养中心参加特勤体检鉴定的618例特勤疗养员为研究对象,内容包括人口学特征、生活方式、体格检查和实验室检测等资料。结果 调查人群同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)平均水平12.10(10.00~14.60)μmol/L,HHcy检出率为23.79%,平均年龄(34.21±7.46)岁,均为男性。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟(OR=1.833,95%CI 1.152,2.915)、勤务类别(OR=1.697,95%CI 1.240,2.323)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(OR=5.764,95%CI 3.229,10.292)、尿酸(UA)(OR=1.693,95%CI 1.116,2.570)、胆红素(BIL)(OR=2.015,95%CI 1.330,3.052)、肌酐(CR)(OR=3.164,95%CI 1.624,6.162)是HHcy的影响因素。结论 吸烟、勤务类别、LDL-C、UA、BIL和CR是HHcy的影响因素,应对存在高危因素的人群采取相应措施,尽早进行健康干预,以降低心脑血管等慢性疾病发生的风险。

专业人员进行功率负荷参数指导的运动健康干预方案的培训实践

目的:针对采用功率负荷参数开展运动健康干预指导活动的机构和人员,研制一套简便易行的培训方案。方法:总结本团队自身前期实施以功率负荷参数为指导的运动健康干预活动过程中,在培训机构选择、专业人员要求、授课形式、授课内容方面的经验和教训,结合主动健康、运动医学、临床医学理论等相关知识,得出具体培训方案。结果:形成了涵盖培训目的、培训阶段和方式及培训内容等方面的详细培训体系,供有志于从事以功率负荷参数为指导的运动健康干预服务人员参考。

“大健康”视域下环境土壤科学教学改革的一点思考

为全面提升中华民族健康素质、积极参与全球健康治理、切实履行《2030年可持续发展议程》的国际承诺,中共中央、国务院提出全面实施“健康中国战略”。在教育领域尤其是环境科学教育方面,亟需进行改革以适应“大健康”视域下的发展需求,更新教育思想、人才培养模式和视野提升路径成为大势所趋。该文旨在探讨“大健康”理念和土壤环境与健康的融合,分析其对环境土壤科学课程教学的指导作用。在此基础上,提出三位一体的环境土壤科学课程教学改革思路:构建基于“大健康”理念的复合型人才培养知识体系,拓展产学研一体化的应用型人才实践素质,以及融入信息化手段,优化课程考核评价体系。希望通过上述改革方案的实施,达到有效提高教学效果、全面提升学生综合素质和培养符合社会发展需求的高素质环境科学与工程领域人才的目的。

新型冠状病毒感染疫情常态化防控背景下社区医务人员心理健康状况及影响因素分析

背景自新型冠状病毒感染(简称新冠感染)疫情发生以来,身处防控一线的社区医务人员面临着直接接触病毒的风险,存在工作强度大、工作时间长、心理压力大等问题,因此探究社区医务人员的心理健康状况及其内在联系对精准实施心理干预具有重要意义。目的了解新冠感染疫情常态化防控期间社区医务人员心理健康状况并探讨其影响因素。方法于2021年12月,采用多阶段随机抽样法,选取296名中山市社区医务人员作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、自行编制的社区医务人员新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控工作压力调查问卷、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和患者健康问卷抑郁症状群量表(PHQ-9)对其进行网络问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨社区医务人员新冠感染疫情防控工作感知压力水平及焦虑、抑郁情绪状态存在情况的影响因素。结果中山市社区医务人员新冠感染疫情防控工作高感知压力的检出率为10.1%(30/296);中度及以上焦虑和抑郁的检出率分别为7.1%(21/296)和9.5%(28/296);性别、抑郁情绪状态存在情况和新冠感染疫情防控工作感知压力水平是社区医务人员焦虑情绪状态存在情况的影响因素(P<0.05);疫情期间从事日常诊疗工作情况、疫情期间从事“三人小组”上门排查工作情况、焦虑情绪状态存在情况和新冠感染疫情防控工作感知压力水平是社区医务人员抑郁情绪状态存在情况的影响因素(P<0.05);焦虑、抑郁情绪状态存在情况是社区医务人员新冠感染疫情防控工作感知压力水平的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论社区医务人员新冠感染疫情防控工作压力与焦虑和抑郁负性情绪之间彼此关联、相互影响、相互作用,且疫情防控工作任务与人力资源的相对不足等因素加剧了社区医务人员负性情绪的叠加效应,卫生健康行政部门应结合疫情常态化防控阶段社区卫生服务机构的发展特点及暴露出的突出问题,着力构建新形势下社区卫生服务机构的长效投入和发展机制,加强对医务人员的心理干预指导。

“需要关注”研究生问题解析及应对策略——以西安某高校为例

研究生教育是高等教育人才培养的最高层次,分析解决研究生存在的问题,是助力人才培养的重要支撑。本文通过对513名“需要关注”研究生具体问题的解析,发现影响当前研究生健康成长成才的主要问题是学业问题、心理问题和导学关系不良,其中需要“重点关注”研究生往往多方面问题同时存在,且各方面问题相互交织、影响,存在相关关系。高校应把好招生关,为人才培养选出好“材”;丰富课程体系,成人成材全面培养;强化导师责任,注重过程管理;建立档案,常态化监测,保障研究生健康成人成材。

整合多因素影响的城市消防站布局优化实践

为了科学规划城市消防站的数量和空间位置,提高同等时间下对责任区域的覆盖率,保证应急救援的时效性,避免可能导致的更大程度人员伤亡和财产损失,本研究以《城市消防站建设标准》为依据,运用地理信息系统(GIS),增加危险化学品重点单位的权重,根据调研情况提出10 min内90%覆盖率为考量标准,充分考虑保留现有消防站同时建设新站的经济成本和不合理布局对消防救援人员健康造成的危害,进行城市消防站布局优化。据此思路,以包头市昆区为例开展实践研究,结果表明:昆区消防站布局优化后,在相同阻抗中断下,消防站可达区域面积和对责任区域覆盖率均有较大增长。因此,运用该思路开展城市消防站布局优化具有一定的科学性。

“十年一剑”高职职业卫生人才培养路径探索与实践——以湖南安全技术职业学院为例

随着我国经济社会发展及产业结构调整升级,职业病危害因素种类多、分布广,造成了严重的职业病危害和社会负担。在面向企业开展多年安全生产和职业卫生培训的基础上,湖南安全技术职业学院积极探索职业卫生人才培养路径,完善现代学徒制人才培养模式,提升人才培养质量,以服务地方经济社会发展,促进职业健康保护行动的落实。

军人家庭复原力和心理健康的关系:一项交叉滞后研究

目的 探索军人群体中家庭复原力和心理健康之间的因果关系。方法 使用家庭复原力量表(Family Resilience Scale)和症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90),采取整群方便抽样方式,对204名西部某任务部队陆军军人进行时隔4个月的2次追踪调查。使用Amos 26.0软件构建交叉滞后模型对数据进行分析。结果 控制了前测的心理症状后,前测的家庭复原力可以显著预测后测的心理症状(β=-0.14,P<0.05)。控制了前测的家庭复原力后,前测的心理症状能够显著预测后测的家庭复原力(β=-0.13,P<0.05)。结论 军人家庭复原力和心理健康之间互为因果关系,两者彼此预测。本文结果提示了两者关系间的关键维度。

康养产业人才培养助力河北省养老服务体系转型升级研究

康养产业是老年人解决健康养老服务的一项重要产业,由于传统的健康养老服务人才培养模式相对滞后、缺乏创新,职业院校培养的人才很难适应现代老年人口健康养老的个性化需求以及国内社会发展的需求。因此,要积极探索健康养老服务业人才的培养机制,建设医教协同育人体系,建立校企合作共建共享机制,加强医学类院校人才供给,优化专业设置,加强实践基地建设,提升医学人才实践能力,确保河北省健康养老服务业人才培养质量。

青年海军官兵健康素养水平影响因素分析

目的了解青年海军官兵健康素养水平的影响因素,为制定精准的健康促进教育政策、提高海军官兵健康素养水平提供依据。方法从海军官兵健康素养监测数据库中随机提取青年海军官兵(年龄18~45岁)的数据,包括一般人口学资料(性别、年龄、身高、体重、民族、婚姻状况、受教育程度、是否独生子女、户籍类型)、健康自评状况(好、一般、差)和健康素养水平[通过全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷(2018)调查获得],采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨青年海军官兵健康素养水平的影响因素。结果性别、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、受教育程度、健康自评状况均为青年海军官兵总体健康素养水平的独立影响因素(均P<0.05),其中女性、年龄为25~45岁、汉族、已婚、受教育程度为大学专科及以上、健康自评结果为“好”是健康素养水平的保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论应全面加强青年海军官兵的健康教育与健康促进工作,特别是针对未婚青年和受教育水平较低的人群,提高健康教育的可及性,不断提升海军官兵的健康素养水平。

医务人员职业安全与健康促进的国际经验及启示

通过检索国内外文献,运用归纳法和比较研究法,分析国际组织和典型国家医务人员职业安全与健康促进经验。结合我国卫生系统现状,建议政府主导立法和施策,医疗机构加强职业安全与健康教育,医务人员提升职业健康素养,融合多学科多部门优势,兼备生理心理及软硬件服务,不断促进我国医务人员职业安全与健康水平提升。