As Ernest Hemingway's masterpiece,the book The Old Man and the Sea is not only a literary work,but a book contains many interdisciplinary contents on aesthetic,social,philosophical,and ecological perspectives.Diff...As Ernest Hemingway's masterpiece,the book The Old Man and the Sea is not only a literary work,but a book contains many interdisciplinary contents on aesthetic,social,philosophical,and ecological perspectives.Different readers vary in their viewpoints on it.The first three aspects will be discussed briefly,and focuses will be on the ecological perspective considering the worsening ecological environment and man's growing anxiety about nature and society,so as to arouse the crisis awareness of ecology,and to get across the importance of protecting our environment.展开更多
AIM: To determine the baseline hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) levels during the different phases of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients in China.METHODS: Six hundred and twenty-three hepatitis B virus or un-infected...AIM: To determine the baseline hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) levels during the different phases of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients in China.METHODS: Six hundred and twenty-three hepatitis B virus or un-infected patients not receiving antiviral therapy were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. The CHB patients were classified into five phases: immunetolerant(IT, n = 108), immune-clearance(IC, n = 161), hepatitis B e antigen negative hepatitis(ENH, n = 149), low-replicative(LR, n = 135), and liver cirrhosis(LC, n = 70). HBsAg was quantified(Abbott ARCHITECT assay) and correlated with hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA, and serum alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase(ALT/AST) in each phase of CHB was also determined.RESULTS: Median HBsAg titers were different in each phase of CHB(P < 0.001): IT(4.85 log10 IU/mL), IC(4.36 log10 IU/mL), ENH(2.95 log10 IU/mL), LR(3.18 log10 IU/mL) and LC(2.69 log10 IU/mL). HBsAg titers were highest in the IT phase and lowest in the LC phase. Serum HBsAg titers showed a strong correlation with HBV viral load in the IC phase(r = 0.683, P < 0.001). No correlation between serum HBsAg level and ALT/AST was observed.CONCLUSION: The mean baseline HBsAg levels differ significantly during the five phases of CHB, providing evidence on the natural history of HBV infection. HBsAg quantification may predict the effects of immunemodulator or oral nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy.展开更多
Ecocriticism claims that human beings should resist modern evils in the beauty of the nature.It believes that everything on the earth must have their own orders and such kind of order will bring human beings the moral...Ecocriticism claims that human beings should resist modern evils in the beauty of the nature.It believes that everything on the earth must have their own orders and such kind of order will bring human beings the moral confidence and the spiritual belongs.Analyzing Song of Solomon from three levels of ecocritical perspective will help us to understand the transformation of the protagonist of the novel better and find out the further solutions to deal with the identity those blacks have lost and some of them are searching for.展开更多
The main problems encountered byphysicians practicing traditionalacupuncture in Europe are of two orders:one is the repute in which acupuncture isheld by other physicians and the academicworld in general;the second is...The main problems encountered byphysicians practicing traditionalacupuncture in Europe are of two orders:one is the repute in which acupuncture isheld by other physicians and the academicworld in general;the second is to obtain le-gal recognition from the respective govern-展开更多
This paper presents the semantic analysis of queries written in natural language (French) and dedicated to the object oriented data bases. The studied queries include one or two nominal groups (NG) articulating around...This paper presents the semantic analysis of queries written in natural language (French) and dedicated to the object oriented data bases. The studied queries include one or two nominal groups (NG) articulating around a verb. A NG consists of one or several keywords (application dependent noun or value). Simple semantic filters are defined for identifying these keywords which can be of semantic value: class, simple attribute, composed attribute, key value or not key value. Coherence rules and coherence constraints are introduced, to check the validity of the co-occurrence of two consecutive nouns in complex NG. If a query is constituted of a single NG, no further analysis is required. Otherwise, if a query covers two valid NG, it is a subject of studying the semantic coherence of the verb and both NG which are attached to it.展开更多
文摘As Ernest Hemingway's masterpiece,the book The Old Man and the Sea is not only a literary work,but a book contains many interdisciplinary contents on aesthetic,social,philosophical,and ecological perspectives.Different readers vary in their viewpoints on it.The first three aspects will be discussed briefly,and focuses will be on the ecological perspective considering the worsening ecological environment and man's growing anxiety about nature and society,so as to arouse the crisis awareness of ecology,and to get across the importance of protecting our environment.
基金Supported by National Key Program for Infectious Diseases of China to Yang YD,No.2013ZX10002001the 12th Five-Year Significant New Drugs Creation Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China to Li LJ,No.2011ZX09302-003-03
文摘AIM: To determine the baseline hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) levels during the different phases of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients in China.METHODS: Six hundred and twenty-three hepatitis B virus or un-infected patients not receiving antiviral therapy were analyzed in a cross-sectional study. The CHB patients were classified into five phases: immunetolerant(IT, n = 108), immune-clearance(IC, n = 161), hepatitis B e antigen negative hepatitis(ENH, n = 149), low-replicative(LR, n = 135), and liver cirrhosis(LC, n = 70). HBsAg was quantified(Abbott ARCHITECT assay) and correlated with hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA, and serum alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase(ALT/AST) in each phase of CHB was also determined.RESULTS: Median HBsAg titers were different in each phase of CHB(P < 0.001): IT(4.85 log10 IU/mL), IC(4.36 log10 IU/mL), ENH(2.95 log10 IU/mL), LR(3.18 log10 IU/mL) and LC(2.69 log10 IU/mL). HBsAg titers were highest in the IT phase and lowest in the LC phase. Serum HBsAg titers showed a strong correlation with HBV viral load in the IC phase(r = 0.683, P < 0.001). No correlation between serum HBsAg level and ALT/AST was observed.CONCLUSION: The mean baseline HBsAg levels differ significantly during the five phases of CHB, providing evidence on the natural history of HBV infection. HBsAg quantification may predict the effects of immunemodulator or oral nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy.
文摘Ecocriticism claims that human beings should resist modern evils in the beauty of the nature.It believes that everything on the earth must have their own orders and such kind of order will bring human beings the moral confidence and the spiritual belongs.Analyzing Song of Solomon from three levels of ecocritical perspective will help us to understand the transformation of the protagonist of the novel better and find out the further solutions to deal with the identity those blacks have lost and some of them are searching for.
文摘The main problems encountered byphysicians practicing traditionalacupuncture in Europe are of two orders:one is the repute in which acupuncture isheld by other physicians and the academicworld in general;the second is to obtain le-gal recognition from the respective govern-
文摘This paper presents the semantic analysis of queries written in natural language (French) and dedicated to the object oriented data bases. The studied queries include one or two nominal groups (NG) articulating around a verb. A NG consists of one or several keywords (application dependent noun or value). Simple semantic filters are defined for identifying these keywords which can be of semantic value: class, simple attribute, composed attribute, key value or not key value. Coherence rules and coherence constraints are introduced, to check the validity of the co-occurrence of two consecutive nouns in complex NG. If a query is constituted of a single NG, no further analysis is required. Otherwise, if a query covers two valid NG, it is a subject of studying the semantic coherence of the verb and both NG which are attached to it.
