Under the partial shading conditions(PSC)of Photovoltaic(PV)modules in a PV hybrid system,the power output curve exhibits multiple peaks.This often causes traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods to fall ...Under the partial shading conditions(PSC)of Photovoltaic(PV)modules in a PV hybrid system,the power output curve exhibits multiple peaks.This often causes traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods to fall into local optima and fail to find the global optimum.To address this issue,a composite MPPT algorithm is proposed.It combines the improved kepler optimization algorithm(IKOA)with the optimized variable-step perturb and observe(OIP&O).The update probabilities,planetary velocity and position step coefficients of IKOA are nonlinearly and adaptively optimized.This adaptation meets the varying needs of the initial and later stages of the iterative process and accelerates convergence.During stochastic exploration,the refined position update formulas enhance diversity and global search capability.The improvements in the algorithmreduces the likelihood of falling into local optima.In the later stages,the OIP&O algorithm decreases oscillation and increases accuracy.compared with cuckoo search(CS)and gray wolf optimization(GWO),simulation tests of the PV hybrid inverter demonstrate that the proposed IKOA-OIP&O algorithm achieves faster convergence and greater stability under static,local and dynamic shading conditions.These results can confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed PV MPPT algorithm for PV hybrid systems.展开更多
The generation of electricity,considering environmental and eco-nomic factors is one of the most important challenges of recent years.In this article,a thermoelectric generator(TEG)is proposed to use the thermal energ...The generation of electricity,considering environmental and eco-nomic factors is one of the most important challenges of recent years.In this article,a thermoelectric generator(TEG)is proposed to use the thermal energy of an electric water heater(EWH)to generate electricity independently.To improve the energy conversion efficiency of the TEG,a fuzzy logic con-troller(FLC)-based perturb&observe(P&O)type maximum power point tracking(MPPT)control algorithm is used in this study.An EWH is one of the major electricity consuming household appliances which causes a higher electricity price for consumers.Also,a significant amount of thermal energy generated by EWH is wasted every day,especially during the winter season.In recent years,TEGs have been widely developed to convert surplus or unused thermal energy into usable electricity.In this context,the proposed model is designed to use the thermal energy stored in the EWH to generate electricity.In addition,the generated electricity can be easily stored in a battery storage system to supply electricity to various household appliances with low-power-consumption.The proposed MPPT control algorithm helps the system to quickly reach the optimal point corresponding to the maximum power output and maintains the system operating point at the maximum power output level.To validate the usefulness of the proposed scheme,a study model was developed in the MATLAB Simulink environment and its performance was investigated by simulation under steady state and transient conditions.The results of the study confirmed that the system is capable of generating adequate power from the available thermal energy of EWH.It was also found that the output power and efficiency of the system can be improved by maintaining a higher temperature difference at the input terminals of the TEG.Moreover,the real-time temperature data of Abha city in Saudi Arabia is considered to analyze the feasibility of the proposed system for practical implementation.展开更多
针对局部遮阴环境下传统灰狼优化(Gray wolf optimization,GWO)算法在跟踪最大功率点时P-U特性曲线出现多峰值、后期收敛速度慢、稳态精度低等问题,结合灰狼优化算法和扰动观察法(Perturbation and observation,P&O)各自的优势,提...针对局部遮阴环境下传统灰狼优化(Gray wolf optimization,GWO)算法在跟踪最大功率点时P-U特性曲线出现多峰值、后期收敛速度慢、稳态精度低等问题,结合灰狼优化算法和扰动观察法(Perturbation and observation,P&O)各自的优势,提出了基于GWO-P&O的混合优化最大功率点跟踪(Maximum power point tracking,MPPT)算法。首先,采用灰狼优化算法逐渐向光伏的全局最大功率点靠近。其次,在灰狼优化算法收敛后期引入P&O法,既保持了灰狼优化算法较高的稳态精度,又能以较快速度寻找到局部最大功率点。最后,在不同环境工况下,将所提出的GWO-P&O方法与传统GWO算法进行对比。结果表明,改进的GWO-P&O算法在保证良好稳态性能的同时,一定程度上提高了GWO算法后期跟踪最大功率时的收敛速度。展开更多
Partial shading conditions(PSCs)caused by uneven illumination become one of the most common problems in photovoltaic(PV)systems,which can make the PV power-voltage(P-V)characteristics curve show multi-peaks.Traditiona...Partial shading conditions(PSCs)caused by uneven illumination become one of the most common problems in photovoltaic(PV)systems,which can make the PV power-voltage(P-V)characteristics curve show multi-peaks.Traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods have shortcomings in tracking to the global maximum power point(GMPP),resulting in a dramatic decrease in output power.In order to solve the above problems,intelligent algorithms are used in MPPT.However,the existing intelligent algorithms have some disadvantages,such as slow convergence speed and large search oscillation.Therefore,an improved whale algorithm(IWOA)combined with the P&O(IWOA-P&O)is proposed for the MPPT of PV power generation in this paper.Firstly,IWOA is used to track the range interval of the GMPP,and then P&O is used to accurately find the MPP in that interval.Compared with other algorithms,simulation results show that this method has an average tracking efficiency of 99.79%and an average tracking time of 0.16 s when tracking GMPP.Finally,experimental verification is conducted,and the results show that the proposed algorithm has better MPPT performance compared to popular particle swarm optimization(PSO)and PSO-P&O algorithms.展开更多
A comparative study is done in regards to the performance of the popular Perturb and Observe algorithm and the Genetic Assisted-Radial Basis Function-Neural Network (GA-RBF-NN) algorithm, both incorporating the Interl...A comparative study is done in regards to the performance of the popular Perturb and Observe algorithm and the Genetic Assisted-Radial Basis Function-Neural Network (GA-RBF-NN) algorithm, both incorporating the Interleaved Boost converter. The Perturb and Observe method (P&O) is inarguably the most commonly used algorithm as its advantages pertaining to its ease in implementation and simplicity enable to track the Maximum Power Point (MPP). However, it is absolutely unreliable when subjected to rapidly fluctuating irradiation and temperature levels. More importantly, the system has the tendency to swing back and forth about the Maximum Power Point without reaching stability. At this juncture, the implementation of the Genetic-Assisted Radial Basis Function (GA-RBF) algorithm helps the system achieve MPP at a shorter time when compared to the Perturb and Observe technique. The ever reliable and robust Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is included along with the MPPT controller that minimizes the Mean Square Error (MSE) and aids in faster training of the neural network. This PV system drives a brushless DC motor (BLDC), employing rotor position sensors.展开更多
为了解决传统最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)控制算法在局部遮荫环境中易陷入局部最优的问题,以及智能优化算法寻优速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于自适应扰动观察(IP&O)和改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algori...为了解决传统最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)控制算法在局部遮荫环境中易陷入局部最优的问题,以及智能优化算法寻优速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于自适应扰动观察(IP&O)和改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)的复合IP&O-SSA。该算法对SSA加入了Tent序列初始化,对预警者加入了Levy飞行策略,再对P&O进行了自适应和滤波处理。该算法采用双层控制结构,先通过改进后的SSA进行全局搜索到最大功率点附近,再通过改进后的IP&O进行小步平缓搜索到跟踪最大功率点。通过在Simulink仿真标准环境、局部遮荫、环境突变3种情形,仿真结果表明:在标准环境下,该算法最先跟踪到最大功率点,收敛时间比改进前的扰动观察(P&O)和SSA缩短了3 ms、16 ms,跟踪效率高达99.99%;局部遮荫条件下,只有P&O会陷入局部最优,无法有效跟踪到系统的最大功率点,相较于改进前的SSA,该文算法的平均收敛时间缩短了8 ms,同时跟踪效率高达99.68%,提升了0.09%。验证了该算法适用于日常大部分应用情景,为提升光伏阵列的发电效率提供了理论控制算法基础,为之后的光伏阵列并网减少了不必要的功率损耗。展开更多
由于光伏阵列在局部阴影情况下输出功率呈多峰值状态,而传统最大功率点追踪(MPPT:Maximum Power Point Tracking)控制无法解决多峰问题,会陷入局部最优,影响光伏发电效率,为此,提出一种复合算法应用于光伏最大功率点追踪。该方法将麻雀...由于光伏阵列在局部阴影情况下输出功率呈多峰值状态,而传统最大功率点追踪(MPPT:Maximum Power Point Tracking)控制无法解决多峰问题,会陷入局部最优,影响光伏发电效率,为此,提出一种复合算法应用于光伏最大功率点追踪。该方法将麻雀算法的初始种群进行优化,结合反向学习策略,加强了算法的全局搜索能力。当搜索到光伏发电最大功率点附近转换成扰动观察法,利用其快速收敛的特性快速搜索至最大功率点。利用Simulink仿真与硬件实验,验证所提出复合算法的全局搜索能力和快速收敛能力,与麻雀算法、扰动观察法相对比,复合算法的准确性和快速性具有显著提升。展开更多
局部遮阴情况下光伏阵列的输出功率呈现多峰现象,导致传统MPPT控制算法失效,而基于元启发式算法的MPPT控制功率追踪速度慢,输出功率振荡大。针对上述问题,提出一种基于改进型灰狼优化算法(improved grey wolf optimization algorithm,IG...局部遮阴情况下光伏阵列的输出功率呈现多峰现象,导致传统MPPT控制算法失效,而基于元启发式算法的MPPT控制功率追踪速度慢,输出功率振荡大。针对上述问题,提出一种基于改进型灰狼优化算法(improved grey wolf optimization algorithm,IGWO)与改进型扰动观察法(improved perturbation and observation method,IP&O)相结合的光伏MPPT控制算法。IGWO采用非线性收敛因子调整策略提高算法适应性,并通过使用改进型莱维飞行与增强型醉汉漫步结合的搜索策略平衡全局搜索与局部寻优的关系。利用IGWO追踪至最大功率点附近,再与可调节扰动步长变化速率的IP&O结合实现最大功率的稳定输出。算法测试实验数据和仿真结果表明,所提出的MPPT控制算法具有快速的追踪速度和高输出精度,且在功率追踪过程中输出振荡小。展开更多
基金funding from the Graduate Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu University of Technology(XSJCX23_58)Changzhou Science and Technology Support Project(CE20235045)Open Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Power Transmission&Distribution Equipment Technology(2021JSSPD12).
文摘Under the partial shading conditions(PSC)of Photovoltaic(PV)modules in a PV hybrid system,the power output curve exhibits multiple peaks.This often causes traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods to fall into local optima and fail to find the global optimum.To address this issue,a composite MPPT algorithm is proposed.It combines the improved kepler optimization algorithm(IKOA)with the optimized variable-step perturb and observe(OIP&O).The update probabilities,planetary velocity and position step coefficients of IKOA are nonlinearly and adaptively optimized.This adaptation meets the varying needs of the initial and later stages of the iterative process and accelerates convergence.During stochastic exploration,the refined position update formulas enhance diversity and global search capability.The improvements in the algorithmreduces the likelihood of falling into local optima.In the later stages,the OIP&O algorithm decreases oscillation and increases accuracy.compared with cuckoo search(CS)and gray wolf optimization(GWO),simulation tests of the PV hybrid inverter demonstrate that the proposed IKOA-OIP&O algorithm achieves faster convergence and greater stability under static,local and dynamic shading conditions.These results can confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed PV MPPT algorithm for PV hybrid systems.
基金Deputyship for Research&Innovation,Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number (IF2-PSAU/2022/01/22797).
文摘The generation of electricity,considering environmental and eco-nomic factors is one of the most important challenges of recent years.In this article,a thermoelectric generator(TEG)is proposed to use the thermal energy of an electric water heater(EWH)to generate electricity independently.To improve the energy conversion efficiency of the TEG,a fuzzy logic con-troller(FLC)-based perturb&observe(P&O)type maximum power point tracking(MPPT)control algorithm is used in this study.An EWH is one of the major electricity consuming household appliances which causes a higher electricity price for consumers.Also,a significant amount of thermal energy generated by EWH is wasted every day,especially during the winter season.In recent years,TEGs have been widely developed to convert surplus or unused thermal energy into usable electricity.In this context,the proposed model is designed to use the thermal energy stored in the EWH to generate electricity.In addition,the generated electricity can be easily stored in a battery storage system to supply electricity to various household appliances with low-power-consumption.The proposed MPPT control algorithm helps the system to quickly reach the optimal point corresponding to the maximum power output and maintains the system operating point at the maximum power output level.To validate the usefulness of the proposed scheme,a study model was developed in the MATLAB Simulink environment and its performance was investigated by simulation under steady state and transient conditions.The results of the study confirmed that the system is capable of generating adequate power from the available thermal energy of EWH.It was also found that the output power and efficiency of the system can be improved by maintaining a higher temperature difference at the input terminals of the TEG.Moreover,the real-time temperature data of Abha city in Saudi Arabia is considered to analyze the feasibility of the proposed system for practical implementation.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52067013)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA280)。
文摘针对局部遮阴环境下传统灰狼优化(Gray wolf optimization,GWO)算法在跟踪最大功率点时P-U特性曲线出现多峰值、后期收敛速度慢、稳态精度低等问题,结合灰狼优化算法和扰动观察法(Perturbation and observation,P&O)各自的优势,提出了基于GWO-P&O的混合优化最大功率点跟踪(Maximum power point tracking,MPPT)算法。首先,采用灰狼优化算法逐渐向光伏的全局最大功率点靠近。其次,在灰狼优化算法收敛后期引入P&O法,既保持了灰狼优化算法较高的稳态精度,又能以较快速度寻找到局部最大功率点。最后,在不同环境工况下,将所提出的GWO-P&O方法与传统GWO算法进行对比。结果表明,改进的GWO-P&O算法在保证良好稳态性能的同时,一定程度上提高了GWO算法后期跟踪最大功率时的收敛速度。
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant BK20200969(L.Z.,URL:http://std.jiangsu.gov.cn/)in part by Basic Science(Natural Science)Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province under Grant 22KJB470025(L.R.,URL:http://jyt.jiangsu.gov.cn/)in part by Social People’s Livelihood Technology Plan General Project of Nantong under Grant MS12021015(L.Q.,URL:http://kjj.nantong.gov.cn/).
文摘Partial shading conditions(PSCs)caused by uneven illumination become one of the most common problems in photovoltaic(PV)systems,which can make the PV power-voltage(P-V)characteristics curve show multi-peaks.Traditional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods have shortcomings in tracking to the global maximum power point(GMPP),resulting in a dramatic decrease in output power.In order to solve the above problems,intelligent algorithms are used in MPPT.However,the existing intelligent algorithms have some disadvantages,such as slow convergence speed and large search oscillation.Therefore,an improved whale algorithm(IWOA)combined with the P&O(IWOA-P&O)is proposed for the MPPT of PV power generation in this paper.Firstly,IWOA is used to track the range interval of the GMPP,and then P&O is used to accurately find the MPP in that interval.Compared with other algorithms,simulation results show that this method has an average tracking efficiency of 99.79%and an average tracking time of 0.16 s when tracking GMPP.Finally,experimental verification is conducted,and the results show that the proposed algorithm has better MPPT performance compared to popular particle swarm optimization(PSO)and PSO-P&O algorithms.
文摘A comparative study is done in regards to the performance of the popular Perturb and Observe algorithm and the Genetic Assisted-Radial Basis Function-Neural Network (GA-RBF-NN) algorithm, both incorporating the Interleaved Boost converter. The Perturb and Observe method (P&O) is inarguably the most commonly used algorithm as its advantages pertaining to its ease in implementation and simplicity enable to track the Maximum Power Point (MPP). However, it is absolutely unreliable when subjected to rapidly fluctuating irradiation and temperature levels. More importantly, the system has the tendency to swing back and forth about the Maximum Power Point without reaching stability. At this juncture, the implementation of the Genetic-Assisted Radial Basis Function (GA-RBF) algorithm helps the system achieve MPP at a shorter time when compared to the Perturb and Observe technique. The ever reliable and robust Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is included along with the MPPT controller that minimizes the Mean Square Error (MSE) and aids in faster training of the neural network. This PV system drives a brushless DC motor (BLDC), employing rotor position sensors.
文摘为了解决传统最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)控制算法在局部遮荫环境中易陷入局部最优的问题,以及智能优化算法寻优速度慢的问题,提出了一种基于自适应扰动观察(IP&O)和改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)的复合IP&O-SSA。该算法对SSA加入了Tent序列初始化,对预警者加入了Levy飞行策略,再对P&O进行了自适应和滤波处理。该算法采用双层控制结构,先通过改进后的SSA进行全局搜索到最大功率点附近,再通过改进后的IP&O进行小步平缓搜索到跟踪最大功率点。通过在Simulink仿真标准环境、局部遮荫、环境突变3种情形,仿真结果表明:在标准环境下,该算法最先跟踪到最大功率点,收敛时间比改进前的扰动观察(P&O)和SSA缩短了3 ms、16 ms,跟踪效率高达99.99%;局部遮荫条件下,只有P&O会陷入局部最优,无法有效跟踪到系统的最大功率点,相较于改进前的SSA,该文算法的平均收敛时间缩短了8 ms,同时跟踪效率高达99.68%,提升了0.09%。验证了该算法适用于日常大部分应用情景,为提升光伏阵列的发电效率提供了理论控制算法基础,为之后的光伏阵列并网减少了不必要的功率损耗。
文摘由于光伏阵列在局部阴影情况下输出功率呈多峰值状态,而传统最大功率点追踪(MPPT:Maximum Power Point Tracking)控制无法解决多峰问题,会陷入局部最优,影响光伏发电效率,为此,提出一种复合算法应用于光伏最大功率点追踪。该方法将麻雀算法的初始种群进行优化,结合反向学习策略,加强了算法的全局搜索能力。当搜索到光伏发电最大功率点附近转换成扰动观察法,利用其快速收敛的特性快速搜索至最大功率点。利用Simulink仿真与硬件实验,验证所提出复合算法的全局搜索能力和快速收敛能力,与麻雀算法、扰动观察法相对比,复合算法的准确性和快速性具有显著提升。
文摘局部遮阴情况下光伏阵列的输出功率呈现多峰现象,导致传统MPPT控制算法失效,而基于元启发式算法的MPPT控制功率追踪速度慢,输出功率振荡大。针对上述问题,提出一种基于改进型灰狼优化算法(improved grey wolf optimization algorithm,IGWO)与改进型扰动观察法(improved perturbation and observation method,IP&O)相结合的光伏MPPT控制算法。IGWO采用非线性收敛因子调整策略提高算法适应性,并通过使用改进型莱维飞行与增强型醉汉漫步结合的搜索策略平衡全局搜索与局部寻优的关系。利用IGWO追踪至最大功率点附近,再与可调节扰动步长变化速率的IP&O结合实现最大功率的稳定输出。算法测试实验数据和仿真结果表明,所提出的MPPT控制算法具有快速的追踪速度和高输出精度,且在功率追踪过程中输出振荡小。