【目的】为探究黄色粘虫板对苹果绣线菊蚜(Aphis citricola Van der Goot)的诱捕效果以及诱集昆虫种类和数量,探明其应用价值和正确使用方法。【方法】于苹果年生长周期内悬挂黄板,并对苹果绣线菊蚜、其他害虫和天敌的种类及数量进行统...【目的】为探究黄色粘虫板对苹果绣线菊蚜(Aphis citricola Van der Goot)的诱捕效果以及诱集昆虫种类和数量,探明其应用价值和正确使用方法。【方法】于苹果年生长周期内悬挂黄板,并对苹果绣线菊蚜、其他害虫和天敌的种类及数量进行统计分析。【结果】整个试验阶段苹果绣线菊蚜诱捕数量仅(109.9±5.1)头·板-1,与其他昆虫相比,数量并不显著;其他害虫中,叶蝉诱捕数量最多,数量高于苹果绣线菊蚜;瓢虫、食蚜蝇、草蛉、蛇蛉等与苹果绣线菊蚜诱捕数量相当,以靶标害虫蚜虫计算,益害比为1:1.2,悬挂黄板会影响天敌控害效果;黄板对于蝇类诱捕量最多,证明蝇类也可能存在趋黄性;苹果花期悬挂黄板,主要诱捕的是授粉蜜蜂。【结论】黄板对苹果绣线菊蚜防控效果不显著,研究发现其他害虫可能存在趋黄性,其使用价值有待多方面评估。黄板诱杀具有广谱性,会影响自然条件下蜜蜂和天敌种群,在苹果开花期和天敌数量较多的果园应谨慎悬挂。展开更多
The aphid quantity ratio（AQR） is defined as the number of aphids on each cultivar divided by the number of aphids on all cultivars. AQR is based on the correlation between aphid populations and their host plants and...The aphid quantity ratio（AQR） is defined as the number of aphids on each cultivar divided by the number of aphids on all cultivars. AQR is based on the correlation between aphid populations and their host plants and is an important tool that has been utilized in evaluating Medicago sativa（alfalfa） cultivar resistance to aphids. However, assessment of alfalfa resistance to aphids can be confused by the presence of aphid predators, causing the assessment of plant resistance to aphids to be based on incorrect aphid population data. To refine the AQR and account for the effect of predators on aphid population assessments, we introduced a parameter ‘α＇, corresponding to the predator quantity ratio, and used αAQR as the ratio to quantify aphid populations. Populations of both aphids（4 species） and their predators（12 species） occurring in 28 M. sativa cultivars were sampled over two years at a research station near Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China. Results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the aphid population was stable during this period. Compared with the AQR method, the predator population numbers based on the αAQR had a significant inverse relationship with aphid population numbers and the 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes： the resistant class, tolerant class, and susceptible class. In addition, 17 cultivars were reassigned when evaluated using αAQR. All numerical values calculated by αAQR were displayed as a Gaussian distribution, which showed that the 28 cultivars could be clustered into nine groups using a median value（±SE） of 1±0.1. Hence, ongoing alfalfa breeding trials will be assessed using the αAQR to establish a robust system that includes agronomic performance parameters in order to generalize the new method for further studies.展开更多
The thrips quantity ratio（TQR） model is an important tool for evaluating crop resistance to thrips based on the correlation between thrips quantities and cultivars. Unfortunately, it is inaccurate, and the results a...The thrips quantity ratio（TQR） model is an important tool for evaluating crop resistance to thrips based on the correlation between thrips quantities and cultivars. Unfortunately, it is inaccurate, and the results appear significantly inconsistent when analysing the same cultivars in the same field study. To improve this model, we first studied the resistance of 28 alfalfa cultivars to thrips in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, north China. The results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the thrips population was stable during this period. Second, we found that the natural enemy population was significantly positively correlated with the thrips population density（R=0.7275, P〈0.0001）, which might influence resistance estimation. Hence, we introduced a parameter ‘α＇, corresponding to the natural enemy quantity ratio, to eliminate the effect of the natural enemy using ＂αTQR＂. Using the improved method, 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes： the resistant class, sensitive class, and median class. All numerical values were calculated for αTQR displayed as a Gaussian distribution. This information showed that all data should be divided into nine groups using a median value of 1±0.1 with an equal difference of 0.1. Based on the new standard cultivars, Gongnong 1, Alfaking, Cangzhou and Algonquin were classified as highly resistant cultivars; Zhongmu 3, Gongnong 2, Zhongmu 1 and Zhongmu 2 were classified in the resistant group; Queen was classified in the moderately resistant group; Derby, WL354HQ, KRIMA, Apex, 53 HR, SARDI 5 and Farmers Treasure were classified in the median class; WL319HQ, WL343HQ and Sitel were classified as the low sensitive group; WL440 HQ and SARDI7 as the moderately sensitive group; WL168HQ and Sanditi as the sensitive group; and SARDI 10, WL363HQ, FD4, WL323 and SOCA as the highly sensitive group.展开更多
文摘【目的】为探究黄色粘虫板对苹果绣线菊蚜(Aphis citricola Van der Goot)的诱捕效果以及诱集昆虫种类和数量,探明其应用价值和正确使用方法。【方法】于苹果年生长周期内悬挂黄板,并对苹果绣线菊蚜、其他害虫和天敌的种类及数量进行统计分析。【结果】整个试验阶段苹果绣线菊蚜诱捕数量仅(109.9±5.1)头·板-1,与其他昆虫相比,数量并不显著;其他害虫中,叶蝉诱捕数量最多,数量高于苹果绣线菊蚜;瓢虫、食蚜蝇、草蛉、蛇蛉等与苹果绣线菊蚜诱捕数量相当,以靶标害虫蚜虫计算,益害比为1:1.2,悬挂黄板会影响天敌控害效果;黄板对于蝇类诱捕量最多,证明蝇类也可能存在趋黄性;苹果花期悬挂黄板,主要诱捕的是授粉蜜蜂。【结论】黄板对苹果绣线菊蚜防控效果不显著,研究发现其他害虫可能存在趋黄性,其使用价值有待多方面评估。黄板诱杀具有广谱性,会影响自然条件下蜜蜂和天敌种群,在苹果开花期和天敌数量较多的果园应谨慎悬挂。
基金funded by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-34-07)the National Department of Public Benefit Research Foundation, China (201303057)
文摘The aphid quantity ratio（AQR） is defined as the number of aphids on each cultivar divided by the number of aphids on all cultivars. AQR is based on the correlation between aphid populations and their host plants and is an important tool that has been utilized in evaluating Medicago sativa（alfalfa） cultivar resistance to aphids. However, assessment of alfalfa resistance to aphids can be confused by the presence of aphid predators, causing the assessment of plant resistance to aphids to be based on incorrect aphid population data. To refine the AQR and account for the effect of predators on aphid population assessments, we introduced a parameter ‘α＇, corresponding to the predator quantity ratio, and used αAQR as the ratio to quantify aphid populations. Populations of both aphids（4 species） and their predators（12 species） occurring in 28 M. sativa cultivars were sampled over two years at a research station near Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China. Results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the aphid population was stable during this period. Compared with the AQR method, the predator population numbers based on the αAQR had a significant inverse relationship with aphid population numbers and the 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes： the resistant class, tolerant class, and susceptible class. In addition, 17 cultivars were reassigned when evaluated using αAQR. All numerical values calculated by αAQR were displayed as a Gaussian distribution, which showed that the 28 cultivars could be clustered into nine groups using a median value（±SE） of 1±0.1. Hence, ongoing alfalfa breeding trials will be assessed using the αAQR to establish a robust system that includes agronomic performance parameters in order to generalize the new method for further studies.
基金financial support by the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-35-07)
文摘The thrips quantity ratio（TQR） model is an important tool for evaluating crop resistance to thrips based on the correlation between thrips quantities and cultivars. Unfortunately, it is inaccurate, and the results appear significantly inconsistent when analysing the same cultivars in the same field study. To improve this model, we first studied the resistance of 28 alfalfa cultivars to thrips in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, north China. The results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the thrips population was stable during this period. Second, we found that the natural enemy population was significantly positively correlated with the thrips population density（R=0.7275, P〈0.0001）, which might influence resistance estimation. Hence, we introduced a parameter ‘α＇, corresponding to the natural enemy quantity ratio, to eliminate the effect of the natural enemy using ＂αTQR＂. Using the improved method, 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes： the resistant class, sensitive class, and median class. All numerical values were calculated for αTQR displayed as a Gaussian distribution. This information showed that all data should be divided into nine groups using a median value of 1±0.1 with an equal difference of 0.1. Based on the new standard cultivars, Gongnong 1, Alfaking, Cangzhou and Algonquin were classified as highly resistant cultivars; Zhongmu 3, Gongnong 2, Zhongmu 1 and Zhongmu 2 were classified in the resistant group; Queen was classified in the moderately resistant group; Derby, WL354HQ, KRIMA, Apex, 53 HR, SARDI 5 and Farmers Treasure were classified in the median class; WL319HQ, WL343HQ and Sitel were classified as the low sensitive group; WL440 HQ and SARDI7 as the moderately sensitive group; WL168HQ and Sanditi as the sensitive group; and SARDI 10, WL363HQ, FD4, WL323 and SOCA as the highly sensitive group.
