Improved direct P code acquisition technique

P code direct acquisition is an important technology in satellite navigation system. As the P code has a long period, it is hard to directly acquire. The traditional average method can process multiple code phases in a time to shorten the acquisition time. But with the increase of average phase error of the input signal and the local code, the correlation signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） loss increases. To reduce the SNR loss, an improved average method is introduced. A new sequence is generated with a summation of phase shifting sequences to decrease correlation peak loss. Simulation results show that compared with direct average method, the improved average method effectively increases correlation SNR.

Research on An Improved PMF-FFT Fast PN Code Acquisition Algorithm

To solve the problem of the large Doppler frequency offset in the LEO communication system, this paper studies a rapid PN code acquisition method based on the PMF-FFT architecture, which searches the phase and frequency offset and at the same time reduces the acquisition time. It presents an improved method equivalent to windowing function and uses windowing process to overcome the attenuation of related peak envelope caused by partial matched filters.

Dual-channel Method for Fast Long PN-code Acquisition

Long PN-code acquisition is a difficult and time-consuming task due to long code period.To accelerate acquisition,folding methods like XFAST are widely used.In highdynamic environment however,the application of those methods are largely restricted due to nonnegligible residual frequency.This paper proposes a new dual-channel method for fast acquisition of long PN-code.In the proposed method,both non-overlapping local PNcode blocks are employed to correlate with input sample block;the detection process is eased through finding the maximum value among correlation results and verification is made with all the full and partial peaks taken into account.False alarm probabilities from analysis of the verification process are derived.Both theoretical and Monte Carlo simulations reveal that,with respect to acquisition probability and mean acquisition time under the same false alarm rate,dual-channel method has advantage over zero-padding and XFAST based folding methods under certain false alarm probabilities.

Fast acquisition of L2C CL codes based on combination of hyper codes and averaging correlation

This paper provides a direct and fast acquisition algorithm of civilian long length（CL） codes in the L2 civil（L2C） signal. The proposed algorithm simultaneously reduces the number of fast Fourier transformation（FFT） correlation through hyper code technique and the amount of points in every FFT correlation by using an averaging correlation method. To validate the proposed acquisition performance, the paper applies this algorithm to the real L2C signal collected by the global positioning system（GPS） L2C intermediate frequency（IF） signal sampler—SIS100L2C. The acquisition results show that the proposed modified algorithm can acquire the code phase accurately with less calculation and its acquisition performance is better than the single hyper code method.

Code acquisition method based on wavelet transform filtering

In order to improve the acquisition probability of satellite navigation signals, this paper proposes a novel code acquisition method based on wavelet transform filtering. Firstly, the signal vector based on the signal passing through a set of partial matched filters （PMFs） is built. Then, wavelet domain filtering is performed on the signal vector value. Since the correlation signal is low in frequency and narrow in bandwidth, the noise out-of-band can be filtered out and the most of the useful signal energy is retained. Thus this process greatly improves the signal to noise ratio （SNR）. Finally, the detection variable when the filtered signal goes through the combination process is constructed and the detection based on signal energy is made. Moreover, for the better retaining useful signal energy, the rule of selection of wavelet function has been made. Simulation results show the proposed method has a better detection performance than the normal code acquisition methods under the same false alarm probability.

Direct P-code acquisition algorithm based on bidirectional overlap technique

According to the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） loss of average algorithms in direct P-code acquisition method, this paper analyzes the SNR performance of the overlap average algorithm quantitatively, and derives the relationship of SNR loss with overlap shift value and initial average phase difference in the overlap average algorithm. On this basis, the bidirectional overlap average algorithm based on optimal correlation SNR is proposed. The algorithm maintains SNR consistent in the entire initial average phase difference space, and has a better SNR performance than the overlap average algorithm. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by both theoretical analysis and simulation results. The SNR performance of the bidirectional overlap average algorithm is 5 dB better than that of the direct average algorithm, and 2 dB better than that of the overlap average algorithm, which provides the support for direct P-code acquisition in low SNR.

Impact of GPS Almanac Broadcast Strategy on the Signal Acquisition Time

This paper investigates the problem of almanac affecting the signal acquisition time with two constraints: different age of data and multi-sets of almanac. The contributions made in this paper include: 1) the exploiting of signal acquisition concept to extend well-known almanac function of predicting visible satellite and initializing signal acquisition to minimizing the signal acquisition time; 2) a model based on code phase and Doppler frequency to reflect the impact of multi-sets of almanac on the signal acquisition time; 3) the evaluation of the existing GPS almanac with different broadcast strategy. The theoretical analyses and simulations conducted on three sets of almanac show that the model proposed in this paper is general and efficient for almanac design and application.

An Intermediate Frequency Acquisition Scheme for S-band Single Access Link of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System

A nonzero intermediate frequency (IF) likelihood acquisition scheme designed for S-band Single Access (SSA) link of China’s Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (CTDRSS) is introduced. The received signal is downconverted to IF, and then direct sampled in IF using a 1-bit A/D. After the digitalization, the sampled data is detected using a hybrid likelihood acquisition scheme. Using this structure, large noise figure of the analog mixer or active filters, amplitude and phase imbalance between low-frequency in-phase and quandrature-phase channel can be avoided. An easy designing algorithm of the acquisition scheme is also derived. The performance and algorithm are verified by computer simulation.

High-speed broadband data acquisition system based on FPGA

A field-programmable gate array(FPGA)based high-speed broadband data acquisition system is designed.The system has a dual channel simultaneous acquisition function.The maximum sampling rate is 500 MSa/s and bandwidth is200 MHz,which solves the large bandwidth,high-speed signal acquisition and processing problems.At present,the data acquisition system is successfully used in broadband receiver test systems.

Modeling of Non-Coherent Sequential Acquisition Process for DS/SS Signals

A modified non-coherent sequential detection decision logic based on continuous accumulation to achieve fast PN code acquisition is proposed. To simplify the design and analysis, the equivalent relationship between the likelihood ratio of the current sample and that of all the previous samples is deduced. The scheme is proved to be an optimum sequential detection under certain assumptions. Because the average sample number (ASN) can not be calculated through the methods applied to the conventional sequential detection, an algorithm is also provided, which can estimate both the probability density function (pdf) and the upper threshole of ASN. The desired probabilities of false alarm and detection, as well as faster PN code acquisition compared to the conventional sequential detection can be achieved by employing this structure . In addition, Rayeigh-faded reception case is also taken into consideration. Performances of the proposed schemes are obtained, which suggest that the proposed non-coherent sequential detection is more desirable.

Improved Circular Correlation Methods for Acquisition in Software GPS Receiver

In this paper the authors explore the Global Positioning System （GPS） signal acquisition and tracking algorithms used in software GPS receiver. Acquisition time is the most important parameter in evaluating the performance of a software GPS receiver in terms of its speed. A trade-off study is done to seek a good balance between the acquisition accuracy and the processing time. The frequency-domain acquisition method by circular correlation, used in a software GPS receiver, has been improved by studying the power spectrum of the Coarse Acquisition （C/A） code alone. The analysis of C/A code reveals that its power spectrum is symmetrical; hence only half the points are required to perform circular correlation. Besides, either half of the spectrum is asymmetrical where a larger amount of power is concentrated in almost one-quarter of the spectrum on its either sides. This further reduces the number of points used to perform correlation. Comparative results of MATLAB simulation of full-size, half-size and quarter-size circular correlation done on actual data stored on hard disk are provided, and they agree with those obtained using GPS receiver. Further reduction in acquisition time has been achieved by investigating the effect of length of the noncoherent pre-integration period. The improved acquisition methods pave way for further development of new algorithms to enhance software GPS receiver performance.

基于STM32单片机的二维码门禁控制系统

该文介绍一种基于STM32单片机的二维码门禁控制系统。该系统通过集成图像采集、二维码识别、数据通信和控制逻辑等关键模块,实现高效、安全的门禁管理。首先,系统利用GM65图像传感器捕捉进出人员的二维码图像,然后通过STM32单片机的强大处理能力进行二维码解码,从而获取其中的身份信息。接着,系统将解码得到的数据与One-Net云端信息进行比对,以判断进出人员是否具有合法通行权限。若权限验证通过,则门禁设备执行开锁操作,允许人员通行;若验证不通过,则系统拒绝开锁,并记录相关事件。该系统的引入,不仅提升门禁管理的效率和安全性,还降低了人为操作的错误率,为智能化、自动化的门禁管理提供新的解决方案。

正交通道中码分干扰对载波捕获的影响分析及研究

在多功能数字基带的信号处理过程中,由于正交通道的码分干扰较大,传统的FFT算法无法进行载波捕获。文中从理论上分析了正交通道中扩频码对FFT算法的影响,并进行了仿真分析,最后提出双向搜索捕获算法和增加平方算法两种方法在消除码分干扰中的应用。双向搜索捕获算法在完成码捕获的同时能获得多普勒频率;增加平方算法能有效消除码分多址的影响,精确计算多普勒频率,简单实用。实验结果表明,两种消除码分干扰的算法各有优点,在实际工程应用中可根据需要选择使用。

基于极化时变调控表面的有源欺骗干扰辨识方法

聚焦雷达对抗中极化信息获取与利用的应用需求,该文研究了基于极化时变调控表面的有源欺骗干扰辨识方法。首先,设计了一套在9.6~10.1 GHz频带内支持3 bit相位量化的各向异性相位调制表面,通过优化相位调制编码序列,实现了极化态按需调控。然后,将极化调控表面加装在单极化雷达天线上,使天线发射和接收电磁波的极化态沿特定极化轨道变化,通过提取目标与有源欺骗干扰的极化域差异,实现两者辨识。仿真分析表明,在3种不同的极化轨道约束下,干扰与目标均具有显著的聚类效应,可获得稳定的干扰辨识效果。相较于依赖双极化或全极化雷达体制的干扰辨识方法,该文所提方法兼具低成本与高效性,在雷达抗干扰中具有很大的应用潜力。

基于非相干光频域反射的多芯光纤网络链路缺陷智能检测

为了保证通信安全稳定、数据传输完整,提出了一种基于非相干光频域反射的多芯光纤网络链路缺陷智能检测。先构建多芯光纤网络数学模型,约束光纤节点映射和频谱分配,使频谱数量最少的同时占用的频隙数最大。然后利用分簇检测建立数据传输链路模型,得出通信传输函数,根据相关匹配滤波器调整链路,通过波特间隔均衡完成链路数据采集。最后运用非相干光频域反射步进频率调制产生的瑞利散射光波,结合傅里叶逆变换获得网络健康状况空间分布位置,实现多芯光纤网络链路缺陷智能检测。实验结果表明,所提方法能够准确检测出链路缺陷,对链路阻塞缺陷检测、链路平均故障风险检测率、链路频谱利用率缺陷检测误差分别小于0.4%、0.2%和0.5,且检测时长控制在1.5 s以内,可帮助网络及时恢复运行。

采用边缘计算思维解决件烟集中组垛精准采码问题

传统立体库件烟入库未采集件烟条码信息,为满足信息化建设的需求,需要在不更新原有输送工艺和电控的前提下,通过局部改造实现精准件烟采码。集中处理的方式会因流水生产的时间差导致采码失败以及机器人抓烟工位信息混乱。为此,基于边缘计算思维,设计码垛单元独立扫码验证并与各环节交互的精准采码模式。该模式运用边缘计算思想将大量条码采集比对和控制交互的运算量分散到现场PLC控制器处理,可实时满足流水线的采码及处置要求。结果表明,该模式可以无延迟地实现件烟在线贴码后自动精准采码组垛,对出现的条码不清、重码和误报情况通过交互控制机器人剔除,最终实现100%准确采码入库以及立库系统的条码信息绑定。将卷烟成品库存管理粒度细化到件烟,为今后的“一号工程”条码管理、质量追溯、市场精准投放和整托盘发货的信息化奠定了信息基础。

一种扩展GMSK扩频多普勒捕获范围的方法

伪码捕获在短时猝发GMSK(高斯滤波最小频移键控)扩频通信中是不可缺少的一环,尤其是在接收端弱信号的情况下,多普勒频移会严重影响接收端伪码捕获性能。针对短时猝发GMSK扩频体制的特殊性,设计了接收端伪码捕获算法,推导分析了该捕获算法的相关公式,并在此基础上提出了一种多通道并行接收捕获的方法以适应短时猝发条件,该方法通过扩展多普勒适应范围以提升GMSK扩频通信系统伪码捕获性能,将该方法应用到短时猝发GMSK扩频通信系统中,可提升伪码捕获峰值阈值约2.7 dB以满足系统灵敏度要求,且占用硬件资源较少。

数字音频技术在广播电视工程中的应用

随着数字技术的飞速发展,数字音频技术已经广泛应用于广播电视工程,变得越来越重要,也成为行业发展的关键。数字音频技术具有高效、精准、灵活等优势,不仅为广播电视节目制作、传输和播放提供了强大的技术支持,而且丰富了广播电视节目的内容和形式,为观众带来了更优质的视觉和听觉体验。但数字音频技术在实际应用中仍然存在一些问题,限制了广播建设的发展。基于此,分析数字音频技术在广播电视工程中的应用。