We recently reported that targeted deletion of Pannexin 1 in neural precursor cells of the ventricular zone impairs the maintenance of these cells in healthy and stroke-injured brain. Here we frame this exciting new f...We recently reported that targeted deletion of Pannexin 1 in neural precursor cells of the ventricular zone impairs the maintenance of these cells in healthy and stroke-injured brain. Here we frame this exciting new finding in the context of our previous studies on Pannexin 1 in neural precursors as well as the close rela- tionship between Pannexin 1 and purinergic receptors established by other groups. Moreover, we identify important gaps in our understanding of Pannexin 1 in neural precursor cell biology in terms of the under- lying molecular mechanisms and functional/behavioural outcomes.展开更多
Until recently,microglia were mainly known as the resident phagocytes of the brain,i.e.the‘immunological warriors’of the brain.However,extensive knowledge is being accumulated about the functions of microglia beyond...Until recently,microglia were mainly known as the resident phagocytes of the brain,i.e.the‘immunological warriors’of the brain.However,extensive knowledge is being accumulated about the functions of microglia beyond immunity.Nowadays,it is well accepted that microglial cells are highly dynamic and responsive,and that they intervene in a dual manner in many developmental processes that shape the central nervous system,including neurogenesis,gliogenesis,spatial patterning,synaptic formation and elimination,and neural circuit establishment and maturation.The differentiation and the pool of precursor cells were also shown to be under microglia regulation via bidirectional communication.In this concise review,I discuss our recent work in microglia-Pax6+cell interactions in one of the circumventricular organs,the pineal gland.An analogy with the rest of the central nervous system is also presented.In addition,I briefly examine mechanisms of interaction between microglia and non-microglial cells in both health and disease.New avenues are also introduced,which may lead us to better comprehend the impact of microglia in physiological and pathological conditions.展开更多
基金Research in the Swayne lab was supported by operating grants to LAS from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC Discovery Grant)the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR Grant MOP142215)+5 种基金The Scottish Rite Charitable Foundation of Canada and the University of Victoria Division of Medical Sciencesby infrastructure grants from the Canadian Foundation for Innovation(CFI)the British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund(BCKDF)supported by a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research and British Columbia Schizophrenia Society Foundation Scholar Awardsupported by a University of Victoria Fellowship Graduate Awardsupported by a Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship(NSERC)
文摘We recently reported that targeted deletion of Pannexin 1 in neural precursor cells of the ventricular zone impairs the maintenance of these cells in healthy and stroke-injured brain. Here we frame this exciting new finding in the context of our previous studies on Pannexin 1 in neural precursors as well as the close rela- tionship between Pannexin 1 and purinergic receptors established by other groups. Moreover, we identify important gaps in our understanding of Pannexin 1 in neural precursor cell biology in terms of the under- lying molecular mechanisms and functional/behavioural outcomes.
基金Supported by grants from CONICET(Argentina,EM,PIP-CONICET 112-201101-00247,http://www.conicet.gov.ar)ANPCyT(Argentina,EM,PICT 2012-174,PICT 2017-499+1 种基金http://www.agencia.mincyt.gob.ar)NIH-CONICET(Argentina and USA,EM and Stephen Noctor,F65096).
文摘Until recently,microglia were mainly known as the resident phagocytes of the brain,i.e.the‘immunological warriors’of the brain.However,extensive knowledge is being accumulated about the functions of microglia beyond immunity.Nowadays,it is well accepted that microglial cells are highly dynamic and responsive,and that they intervene in a dual manner in many developmental processes that shape the central nervous system,including neurogenesis,gliogenesis,spatial patterning,synaptic formation and elimination,and neural circuit establishment and maturation.The differentiation and the pool of precursor cells were also shown to be under microglia regulation via bidirectional communication.In this concise review,I discuss our recent work in microglia-Pax6+cell interactions in one of the circumventricular organs,the pineal gland.An analogy with the rest of the central nervous system is also presented.In addition,I briefly examine mechanisms of interaction between microglia and non-microglial cells in both health and disease.New avenues are also introduced,which may lead us to better comprehend the impact of microglia in physiological and pathological conditions.
