This research presents a methodology,to calculate the amount of physical activity during the transportation.It contains the following steps:(1)trip and activity detection(2)speed calculation(3)splitting trips into tri...This research presents a methodology,to calculate the amount of physical activity during the transportation.It contains the following steps:(1)trip and activity detection(2)speed calculation(3)splitting trips into trip-leg(4)transportation mode detection and(5)physical activity calculation.The Global Positioning System is used to record the transport activities,either single mode or multimode.During the trip execution,the travel behaviour and the travel mode are also observed to obtain the physical activity levels.The physical activity levels are calculated by taking the ratio of the Total Energy Expenditure and the Basal Metabolic Rate.To obtain the results,an automated system is presented which calculates the speed and also detects the mode of each trip-leg.It also calculates the amount of physical activity.The obtained physical activity levels for the recorded 1750 trips are unit less and range from 1.10 to 2.00.By using the motorized transportation mode,the physical activity levels stay low and the subject failed to achieve the recommended health guideline.The minimum value for the moderate level of physical activity is 1.6.The requirement can be fully achieved when the transportation mode is active i.e.walking,cycling,and performed at moderate intensity level for at least 30 min a day.展开更多
Active Queue Management (AQM) is an active research area in the Internet community. Random Early Detection (RED) is a typical AQM algorithm, but it is known that it is difficult to configure its parameters and its ave...Active Queue Management (AQM) is an active research area in the Internet community. Random Early Detection (RED) is a typical AQM algorithm, but it is known that it is difficult to configure its parameters and its average queue length is closely related to the load level. This paper proposes an effective fuzzy congestion control algorithm based on fuzzy logic which uses the pre- dominance of fuzzy logic to deal with uncertain events. The main advantage of this new congestion control algorithm is that it discards the packet dropping mechanism of RED, and calculates packet loss according to a preconfigured fuzzy logic by using the queue length and the buffer usage ratio. Theo- retical analysis and Network Simulator (NS) simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more throughput and more stable queue length than traditional schemes. It really improves a router's ability in network congestion control in IP network.展开更多
This paper presents a study on the improvement of MLNNs(multi-layer neural networks)performance by an activity function for multi logic training patterns.Our model network has L hidden layers of two inputs and three,f...This paper presents a study on the improvement of MLNNs(multi-layer neural networks)performance by an activity function for multi logic training patterns.Our model network has L hidden layers of two inputs and three,four to six output training using BP(backpropagation)neural network.We used logic functions of XOR(exclusive OR),OR,AND,NAND(not AND),NXOR(not exclusive OR)and NOR(not OR)as the multi logic teacher signals to evaluate the training performance of MLNNs by an activity function for information and data enlargement in signal processing(synaptic divergence state).We specifically used four activity functions from which we modified one and called it L&exp.function as it could give the highest training abilities compared to the original activity functions of Sigmoid,ReLU and Step during simulation and training in the network.And finally,we propose L&exp.function as being good for MLNNs and it may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple training logic patterns hence can be adopted in machine deep learning.展开更多
The model of half a tracked vehicle semi-active suspension is established. The fuzzy logic controller of the semi-active suspension system is constructed. The acceleration of driver's seat and its time derivative ...The model of half a tracked vehicle semi-active suspension is established. The fuzzy logic controller of the semi-active suspension system is constructed. The acceleration of driver's seat and its time derivative are used as the inputs of the fuzzy logic controller, and the fuzzy logic controller output determines the semi-active suspension controllable damping force. The fuzzy logic controller is to minimize the mean square root of acceleration of the driver's seat. The control forces of controllable dampers behind the first road wheel are obtained by time delay, and the delay times are determined by the vehicle speed and axles distances. The simulation results show that this control method can decrease the acceleration of driver's seat and the suspension travel of the first road wheel, the ride quality is improved obviously.展开更多
On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of vehicle semi-active suspension, a 4-DOF (degree of freedom) dynamic model is established. A tunable fuzzy logic controller is designed by using without quantificati...On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of vehicle semi-active suspension, a 4-DOF (degree of freedom) dynamic model is established. A tunable fuzzy logic controller is designed by using without quantification method and taking into account the uncertainty, nonlinearity and complexity of parameters for a vehicle suspension system. Simulation to test the performance of this controller is performed under random excitations and definite disturbances of a C grade road, and the effects of time delay and changes of system parameters on the vehicle suspension system are researched. The numerical simulation shows that the performance of the designed tunable fuzzy logic controller is effective, stable and reliable.展开更多
In this paper, a fuzzy sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(FSMADRC) scheme is proposed for an autonomous underwater vehicle-manipulator system(AUVMS) with a two-link and three-joint manipulator. First, t...In this paper, a fuzzy sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(FSMADRC) scheme is proposed for an autonomous underwater vehicle-manipulator system(AUVMS) with a two-link and three-joint manipulator. First, the AUVMS is separated into nine subsystems, and the combined effects of dynamic uncertainties, hydrodynamic force, unknown disturbances, and nonlinear coupling terms on each subsystem are lumped into a single total disturbance. Next, a linear extended state observer(LESO) is presented to estimate the total disturbance. Then, a sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(SMADRC) scheme is proposed to enhance the robustness of the control system. The stability of the SMADRC and the estimation errors of the LESO are analyzed. Because it is difficult to simultaneously adjust several parameters for a LESO-based SMADRC scheme, a fuzzy logic control(FLC) scheme is used to formulate the FSMADRC to determine the appropriate parameters adaptively for practical applications. Finally, two AUVMS tasks are illustrated to test the trajectory tracking performance of the closed-loop system and its ability to reject and attenuate the total disturbance. The simulation results show that the proposed FSMADRC scheme achieves better performance and consume less energy than conventional PID and FLC techniques.展开更多
Increase of elevator speed brings about amplified vibrations of high-speed elevator. In order to reduce the horizontal vibrations of high-speed elevator, a new type of hydraulic active guide roller system based on fuz...Increase of elevator speed brings about amplified vibrations of high-speed elevator. In order to reduce the horizontal vibrations of high-speed elevator, a new type of hydraulic active guide roller system based on fuzzy logic controller is developed. First the working principle of the hydraulic guide system is introduced, then the dynamic model of the horizontal vibrations for elevator cage with active guide roller system and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system are given. A fuzzy logic controller for the hydraulic system is designed to control the hydraulic actuator. To improve the control performance, preview compensation for the controller is provided. Finally, simulation and experiments are executed to verify the hydraulic active guide roller system and the control strategy. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the hydraulic active guide roller system can reduce the horizontal vibrations of the elevator effectively and has better effects than the passive one, and the fuzzy logic controller with preview compensation can give superior control performance.展开更多
This paper presents a fuzzy logic based three phase four wire four-leg shunt active power filter to suppress harmonic currents. Modified instantaneous p-q theory is adopted for calculating the compensating current. Fu...This paper presents a fuzzy logic based three phase four wire four-leg shunt active power filter to suppress harmonic currents. Modified instantaneous p-q theory is adopted for calculating the compensating current. Fuzzy-adaptive hysteresis band technique is applied for the current control to derive the switching signals for the voltage source inverter. A fuzzy logic controller is developed to control the voltage of the DC capacitor. Computer simulations are carried out on a sample power system to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed control strategy, for harmonic reduction under three different conditions namely, ideal, unbalance, unbalance and distorted source voltage conditions. The proposed control strategy is found to be effective to reduce the harmonics and compensate reactive power and neutral current and balance load currents under ideal and non-ideal source voltage conditions.展开更多
This study aimed at designing and assembling an improvised Logic Gates Simulator that can be utilized as an instructional device in basic digital electronics instruction at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus, P...This study aimed at designing and assembling an improvised Logic Gates Simulator that can be utilized as an instructional device in basic digital electronics instruction at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus, Philippines. This instructional device is believed to enhance the teaching-learning process and would also help address the scarcity of instructional equipment in the school and in the country. Descriptive method of research was employed to come up with the design of the simulator based on the course content of basic digital electronics subject. Acceptability of the improvised simulator based on standards set in this study was?gathered from the experts as respondents using a self-made questionnaire. The data were treated using average weighted mean utilizing parametric scales with verbal descriptions. Findings revealed that the improvised logic gates simulator is highly acceptable in terms of its cost and availability of components,?design and construction,operations, and troubleshooting features. It is concluded that the improvised logic gates simulator is at par in terms of standards on instructional devices based on the evaluation results of experts and is therefore recommended to be used in basic digital electronics instruction. The simulator is an innovative answer and an alternate solution to the scarcity of instructional materials and devices at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus.展开更多
A skyhook surface sliding mode control method was proposed and applied to the control on the semi-active vehicle suspension system for its ride comfort enhancement. A two degree of freedom dynamic model of a vehicle s...A skyhook surface sliding mode control method was proposed and applied to the control on the semi-active vehicle suspension system for its ride comfort enhancement. A two degree of freedom dynamic model of a vehicle semi-active suspension system was given, which focused on the passenger’s ride comfort perform-ance. A simulation with the given initial conditions has been devised in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simula-tion results were showing that there was an enhanced level of ride comfort for the vehicle semi-active sus-pension system with the skyhook surface sliding mode controller.展开更多
文摘This research presents a methodology,to calculate the amount of physical activity during the transportation.It contains the following steps:(1)trip and activity detection(2)speed calculation(3)splitting trips into trip-leg(4)transportation mode detection and(5)physical activity calculation.The Global Positioning System is used to record the transport activities,either single mode or multimode.During the trip execution,the travel behaviour and the travel mode are also observed to obtain the physical activity levels.The physical activity levels are calculated by taking the ratio of the Total Energy Expenditure and the Basal Metabolic Rate.To obtain the results,an automated system is presented which calculates the speed and also detects the mode of each trip-leg.It also calculates the amount of physical activity.The obtained physical activity levels for the recorded 1750 trips are unit less and range from 1.10 to 2.00.By using the motorized transportation mode,the physical activity levels stay low and the subject failed to achieve the recommended health guideline.The minimum value for the moderate level of physical activity is 1.6.The requirement can be fully achieved when the transportation mode is active i.e.walking,cycling,and performed at moderate intensity level for at least 30 min a day.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development of China (863 Program) (No.2003AA121560)the High Technology Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province (No.BEG2003001).
文摘Active Queue Management (AQM) is an active research area in the Internet community. Random Early Detection (RED) is a typical AQM algorithm, but it is known that it is difficult to configure its parameters and its average queue length is closely related to the load level. This paper proposes an effective fuzzy congestion control algorithm based on fuzzy logic which uses the pre- dominance of fuzzy logic to deal with uncertain events. The main advantage of this new congestion control algorithm is that it discards the packet dropping mechanism of RED, and calculates packet loss according to a preconfigured fuzzy logic by using the queue length and the buffer usage ratio. Theo- retical analysis and Network Simulator (NS) simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves more throughput and more stable queue length than traditional schemes. It really improves a router's ability in network congestion control in IP network.
文摘This paper presents a study on the improvement of MLNNs(multi-layer neural networks)performance by an activity function for multi logic training patterns.Our model network has L hidden layers of two inputs and three,four to six output training using BP(backpropagation)neural network.We used logic functions of XOR(exclusive OR),OR,AND,NAND(not AND),NXOR(not exclusive OR)and NOR(not OR)as the multi logic teacher signals to evaluate the training performance of MLNNs by an activity function for information and data enlargement in signal processing(synaptic divergence state).We specifically used four activity functions from which we modified one and called it L&exp.function as it could give the highest training abilities compared to the original activity functions of Sigmoid,ReLU and Step during simulation and training in the network.And finally,we propose L&exp.function as being good for MLNNs and it may be applicable for signal processing of data and information enlargement because of its performance training characteristics with multiple training logic patterns hence can be adopted in machine deep learning.
文摘The model of half a tracked vehicle semi-active suspension is established. The fuzzy logic controller of the semi-active suspension system is constructed. The acceleration of driver's seat and its time derivative are used as the inputs of the fuzzy logic controller, and the fuzzy logic controller output determines the semi-active suspension controllable damping force. The fuzzy logic controller is to minimize the mean square root of acceleration of the driver's seat. The control forces of controllable dampers behind the first road wheel are obtained by time delay, and the delay times are determined by the vehicle speed and axles distances. The simulation results show that this control method can decrease the acceleration of driver's seat and the suspension travel of the first road wheel, the ride quality is improved obviously.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.50135030)
文摘On the basis of analyzing the system constitution of vehicle semi-active suspension, a 4-DOF (degree of freedom) dynamic model is established. A tunable fuzzy logic controller is designed by using without quantification method and taking into account the uncertainty, nonlinearity and complexity of parameters for a vehicle suspension system. Simulation to test the performance of this controller is performed under random excitations and definite disturbances of a C grade road, and the effects of time delay and changes of system parameters on the vehicle suspension system are researched. The numerical simulation shows that the performance of the designed tunable fuzzy logic controller is effective, stable and reliable.
基金supported in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 201964012)the Open Foundation of Henan Key Laboratory of Underwater Intelligent Equipment (No. KL02A1802)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Nos. 61603361 and 51979256)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. ZR2017MEE015)。
文摘In this paper, a fuzzy sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(FSMADRC) scheme is proposed for an autonomous underwater vehicle-manipulator system(AUVMS) with a two-link and three-joint manipulator. First, the AUVMS is separated into nine subsystems, and the combined effects of dynamic uncertainties, hydrodynamic force, unknown disturbances, and nonlinear coupling terms on each subsystem are lumped into a single total disturbance. Next, a linear extended state observer(LESO) is presented to estimate the total disturbance. Then, a sliding mode active disturbance rejection control(SMADRC) scheme is proposed to enhance the robustness of the control system. The stability of the SMADRC and the estimation errors of the LESO are analyzed. Because it is difficult to simultaneously adjust several parameters for a LESO-based SMADRC scheme, a fuzzy logic control(FLC) scheme is used to formulate the FSMADRC to determine the appropriate parameters adaptively for practical applications. Finally, two AUVMS tasks are illustrated to test the trajectory tracking performance of the closed-loop system and its ability to reject and attenuate the total disturbance. The simulation results show that the proposed FSMADRC scheme achieves better performance and consume less energy than conventional PID and FLC techniques.
文摘Increase of elevator speed brings about amplified vibrations of high-speed elevator. In order to reduce the horizontal vibrations of high-speed elevator, a new type of hydraulic active guide roller system based on fuzzy logic controller is developed. First the working principle of the hydraulic guide system is introduced, then the dynamic model of the horizontal vibrations for elevator cage with active guide roller system and the mathematical model of the hydraulic system are given. A fuzzy logic controller for the hydraulic system is designed to control the hydraulic actuator. To improve the control performance, preview compensation for the controller is provided. Finally, simulation and experiments are executed to verify the hydraulic active guide roller system and the control strategy. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that the hydraulic active guide roller system can reduce the horizontal vibrations of the elevator effectively and has better effects than the passive one, and the fuzzy logic controller with preview compensation can give superior control performance.
文摘This paper presents a fuzzy logic based three phase four wire four-leg shunt active power filter to suppress harmonic currents. Modified instantaneous p-q theory is adopted for calculating the compensating current. Fuzzy-adaptive hysteresis band technique is applied for the current control to derive the switching signals for the voltage source inverter. A fuzzy logic controller is developed to control the voltage of the DC capacitor. Computer simulations are carried out on a sample power system to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed control strategy, for harmonic reduction under three different conditions namely, ideal, unbalance, unbalance and distorted source voltage conditions. The proposed control strategy is found to be effective to reduce the harmonics and compensate reactive power and neutral current and balance load currents under ideal and non-ideal source voltage conditions.
文摘This study aimed at designing and assembling an improvised Logic Gates Simulator that can be utilized as an instructional device in basic digital electronics instruction at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus, Philippines. This instructional device is believed to enhance the teaching-learning process and would also help address the scarcity of instructional equipment in the school and in the country. Descriptive method of research was employed to come up with the design of the simulator based on the course content of basic digital electronics subject. Acceptability of the improvised simulator based on standards set in this study was?gathered from the experts as respondents using a self-made questionnaire. The data were treated using average weighted mean utilizing parametric scales with verbal descriptions. Findings revealed that the improvised logic gates simulator is highly acceptable in terms of its cost and availability of components,?design and construction,operations, and troubleshooting features. It is concluded that the improvised logic gates simulator is at par in terms of standards on instructional devices based on the evaluation results of experts and is therefore recommended to be used in basic digital electronics instruction. The simulator is an innovative answer and an alternate solution to the scarcity of instructional materials and devices at Caraga State University Cabadbaran Campus.
文摘A skyhook surface sliding mode control method was proposed and applied to the control on the semi-active vehicle suspension system for its ride comfort enhancement. A two degree of freedom dynamic model of a vehicle semi-active suspension system was given, which focused on the passenger’s ride comfort perform-ance. A simulation with the given initial conditions has been devised in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simula-tion results were showing that there was an enhanced level of ride comfort for the vehicle semi-active sus-pension system with the skyhook surface sliding mode controller.