Effective electroelastic constants for three-phase confocal elliptical cylinder model in piezoelectric quasicrystal composites

A three-phase confocal elliptical cylinder model is proposed to analyze micromechanics of one-dimensional hexagonal piezoelectric quasicrystal （PQC） compos- ites. Exact solutions of the phonon, phason, and electric fields are obtained by using the conformal mapping combined with the Laurent expansion technique when the model is subject to far-field anti-plane mechanical and in-plane electric loadings. The effective elec- troelastic constants of several different composites made up of PQC, quasicrystal （QC）, and piezoelectric （PE） materials are predicted by the generalized self-consistent method. Numerical examples are conducted to show the effects of the volume fraction and the cross-sectional shape of inclusion （or fiber） on the effective electroelastic constants of these composites. Compared with other micromechanical methods, the generalized self- consistent and Mori-Tanaka methods can predict the effective electroelastic constants of the composites consistently.

Joint Estimation of Carrier Frequency and Phase Offset Based on Pilot Symbols in Quasi-Constant Envelope OFDM Satellite Systems

Spectral efficiency and energy efficiency are two important performance indicators of satellite systems. The Quasi-Constant Envelope Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(QCE-OFDM) technique can achieve both high spectral efficiency and low peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR). Therefore, the QCE-OFDM technique is considered as a promising candidate multi-carrier technique for satellite systems. However, the Doppler effect will cause the carrier frequency offset(CFO), and the non-ideal oscillator will cause the carrier phase offset(CPO) in satellite systems. The CFO and CPO will further result in the bit-error-rate(BER) performance degradation. Hence, it is important to estimate and compensate the CFO and CPO. This paper analyzes the effects of both CFO and CPO in QCE-OFDM satellite systems. Furthermore, we propose a joint CFO and CPO estimation method based on the pilot symbols in the frequency domain. In addition, the optimal pilot symbol structure with different pilot overheads is designed according to the minimum Cramer-Rao bound(CRB) criterion. Simulation results show that the estimation accuracy of the proposed method is close to the CRB.

Density Functional Study of Mechanical, Electronic and Pressure Induced Phase Transition Properties of CaFé2As2

We report results on the ab initio study of the mechanical and electronic properties of the iron Pnictide compound CaFe2As2 and its phase transition under pressure using Quantum Espresso code. We do analysis of the strength of bonds in individual points of this material and proper Cauchy pressure calculation which will give more insight on the elastic responses. Ground state energy was done in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) based on plane wave self-consistent field (PWscf) and ultrasoft pseudo potential (USPP) method as treated in the Perdew-Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized gradient approximation and local density approximations. Elastic constants were computed using thermo_pw and the values were used to calculate mechanical properties and pressure phase changes. From the non-zero positive elastic constants, the Iron Pnictide compound is found to be mechanically stable and its Poisson’s ratio indicates that it is brittle and isotropic. Pressure induced phase transition is here found to happen at an applied external pressure of 0.2 GPa causing the tetragonal phase to change to an orthorhombic phase which agrees well with previous reports.

Density Functional Study of Mechanical, Electronic and Pressure Induced Phase Transition Properties of CaFé2As2

We report results on the ab initio study of the mechanical and electronic properties of the iron Pnictide compound CaFe2As2 and its phase transition under pressure using Quantum Espresso code. We do analysis of the strength of bonds in individual points of this material and proper Cauchy pressure calculation which will give more insight on the elastic responses. Ground state energy was done in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) based on plane wave self-consistent field (PWscf) and ultrasoft pseudo potential (USPP) method as treated in the Perdew-Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) generalized gradient approximation and local density approximations. Elastic constants were computed using thermo_pw and the values were used to calculate mechanical properties and pressure phase changes. From the non-zero positive elastic constants, the Iron Pnictide compound is found to be mechanically stable and its Poisson’s ratio indicates that it is brittle and isotropic. Pressure induced phase transition is here found to happen at an applied external pressure of 0.2 GPa causing the tetragonal phase to change to an orthorhombic phase which agrees well with previous reports.

无线电能传输系统恒流输出控制方法研究

此处提出了一种发射端控制的无线电能传输(WPT)系统输出恒流调节方法。该方法无需在接收端增加传感器和无线通信装置,即可实现对系统输出电流的调节,因此,能够减小接收端体积和重量。首先,建立WPT系统等效电路模型,考虑整流电路等效输入阻抗的电阻和电感分量,推导得到发射端电压/电流与负载电流之间的量化关系;然后,采集发射端并联电容电压有效值和输入直流电流值,并通过逆变器移相控制,实现系统恒流输出;最后,搭建WPT实验台架,实验结果表明:在变负载工况下,恒流控制精度在3%以内,动态调节时间小于200ms,从而实现了负载电流快速、精准的调节。

基于变频重构S/SP拓扑的无线电能传输系统恒流恒压研究

针对电动汽车无线充电系统耦合系数和负载变化导致系统输出电流和电压剧烈波动的问题,提出一种由交错叠放式线圈结构和变频重构控制策略组成的无线电能传输系统,通过重构补偿拓扑,并切换工作频率,实现了系统的恒流恒压输出。首先,分析了拓扑重构前后系统的恒流、恒压输出特性和零相角特性,对比恒流恒压工作模式下补偿电容的大小,给出了系统参数调整方法。其次,剖析了交错叠放式线圈结构模型,提出基于耦合系数波动最小原则的线圈结构优化策略。所提出的系统补偿元件较少,两个工作频率点符合国际标准。最后,搭建一套500 W的实验样机,验证系统的可行性和有效性。实验结果表明,交错叠放式线圈在X轴方向偏移发射线圈外径的55%(187mm)或Y轴方向偏移120mm时,耦合系数波动率小于5%。系统在恒流模式下电流波动率为3.58%,在恒压模式下电压波动率为4.83%,满足无线充电系统恒流恒压需求。

计及电缆绝缘不均匀老化的接地电流相位角特性研究

交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电力电缆广泛应用于配电网和输电网,但它们在持续的电应力下遭受长期的老化退化,电缆老化容易造成绝缘击穿事故。为了提升电缆绝缘老化状态的在线评估技术,基于PSCAD建立了计及电缆绝缘不均匀老化的三芯管型电缆接地电流相位角计算模型,通过快速傅里叶变换FFT变化得到单相不均匀老化、双相不均匀老化、三相均匀老化3类情况的接电线电流相位角特性。结果表明:相比于钢铠接地线电流,屏蔽线电流相角对于老化特性的反应更为灵敏;对于单相老化,介电常数由2增加为5,屏蔽线电流相位角从-51.01°递增为-50.6°;对于双相老化,随老化程度增加,相位角增幅逐渐增大;对于三相均匀老化,相比于正常电缆的屏蔽线电流相角增值为0.24°,同时相比于介电常数同为2.8的单相老化与双相老化的屏蔽线电流相角增值为最大(单相老化为0.15°、双相老化为0.17°);通过屏蔽线电流相位幅值,不仅可以判断电缆绝缘是否老化,还可区分老化相别与老化程度。本研究结果可为通过地线电流相位角评估电缆绝缘老化等级提供重要理论依据。

基于LCL-S型两接收端无线电能传输系统传输特性研究

随着WPT应用的发展,多接收WPT系统因一个发射端可以为多个接收端同时供电,近年来受到广泛关注。对LCL-S型两接收端WPT系统的功率分配进行研究,并对LCL-S谐振补偿电路的两接收端WPT系统的传输特性进行分析,提出一种双PI功率控制,实现了发射电源恒功率控制。同时,通过移相控制调节各接收端的输出功率来实现按预设比例进行功率分配。仿真实验验证了所提出的方法实现恒功率输出和按预设比例分配接收端电能的可行性和有效性。

改进型虚拟锁相放大技术的电阻率测量系统

本文设计研究了针对强噪声环境下电阻率测量的硬件和软件系统,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波的改进型正交锁相放大算法结合恒流交流检测技术的电阻率测量方案。以BMn3-12(锰铜)材料为对象,对改进型正交锁相算法进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明:分别对比0,-10dB和-20dB的结果,传统算法的最大波动系数为27.21%,而改进型算法最大波动系数降低到2.86%,最大相对误差由15.20%降低至2.29%。实验结果表明:传统算法与改进型算法测量结果的最大相对误差分别为16.70%和2.90%,方差分别为2.90×10^(-3)和4.11×10^(-5),此方案提高了低信噪比情况下电阻率测量的准确度和精度,增强了系统的抗干扰能力。

坑道无线电波透视相位数值模拟与反演技术研究

为增加坑道无线电波透视对煤层工作面内隐伏地质构造探测的准确性,研究电磁波在煤层中传播时的相位响应特征,本文采用基于均匀网格剖分方法的电磁波时域有限差分法,对电磁波传播进行数值模拟,建立煤层工作面内节理和陷落柱2种异常模型,分别研究了2种异常模型下巷道内各个接收点的相位差,并对2种异常模型分别进行了层析成像。模拟结果表明,当没有异常体时,电磁波在煤层内的相位差均匀发生变化,相位差斜率不变。当存在异常体时,巷道内接收点与发射点之间的相位差发生不均匀变化,相位差斜率变化较大。在回风巷10号点发射电磁波时,节理模型进风巷10号点的相位差为11.00 rad,陷落柱模型进风巷10号点的相位差为19.40 rad,说明电磁波的透射路径和异常体的形态影响了接收点的相位差。对2种异常模型相位常数模拟结果进行反演,反演推测位置与初始模型位置基本相符。结果表明,相位常数可以用来探测煤层中的隐伏地质构造。

容弹内片状无烟煤粉喷射掺混特性实验研究

粉末在容弹以及发动机燃烧室内的掺混状态对粉末爆轰特性有较大的影响,因此亟须对粉末在有限空间内的喷射掺混特性展开研究。搭建了一套透明的容弹系统,通过高速摄影监测系统,对片状煤粉在容弹内的喷射掺混过程进行观测,并对高速摄影拍摄图片进行后处理,分析煤粉在容弹内的喷射掺混变化规律。针对煤粉喷射掺混图像建立了一种灰度值标准差曲率分析方法,研究发现标准差曲率趋于0的初始时刻为煤粉掺混均匀最佳时刻,可以选取为最佳点火时间点,且该方法所选取的时刻与逐帧分析高速摄影图像所选取的时刻吻合。在煤粉浓度为120 g/m^(3),210 g/m^(3),300 g/m^(3)下,依次展开煤粉喷射掺混实验,并应用此灰度图像标准差曲率分析方法进行分析。实验结果表明:保持煤粉浓度一致时,掺混均匀性最佳时间随喷粉时长的增长而逐渐缩短,点火时刻提前;保持喷粉时长一致时,掺混均匀性最佳时间随供粉浓度的增长而延长,点火时刻延后。

一类Kirchhoff双相问题的常符号解

在双相椭圆问题中,利用截断技术和变分方法研究一类涉及退化情形的Kirchhoff双相问题,证明该类问题一个正符号解和一个负符号解的存在性,将双相问题的结果推广到退化和非退化的Kirchhoff双相情形.

Rate Constants for the Reactions of NO_3~.and SO_4^(._) Radicals with Oxalic Acid and Oxalate Anions in Aqueous Solution

Rate constants for the reactions of NO3 and SO4 radicals with oxalic acid and oxalate anions in aqueous solution have been measured using pulse radiolysis and laser flash photolysis.

电动汽车无线充电系统恒流/恒压输出与抗偏移磁能耦合机构研究

在电动汽车无线充电系统中,负载锂电池的充电过程为先恒流再恒压,因此,无线电能传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)系统需要同时具备实现双输出的能力,且在双输出状态之间进行平稳切换。基于此,分析双边LCC(inductor-capacitor-capacitor)拓扑实现与负载无关的恒流/恒压输出条件,给出参数设计方法。针对系统可能会随机在不同方向上出现位移的情况,采用了双向同轴平面线圈的结构,即原边线圈由内外2个沿相反方向绕制的线圈串联组成。通过仿真和实验验证了本文提出的电动汽车无线充电系统具备同时实现恒流/恒压输出的能力,且在多方向偏移工况下实现稳定输出。

具备故障重构能力的双极直流接口变换器最优运行区域

中低压直流配电系统中,现有的双极直流接口变换器通常无法在进入单极运行模式下实现故障阻断与重构功能。基于一种互联分布式电源与双极直流系统的故障重构型直流接口变换器拓扑,分析单双极性运行模式的工作性能。在正常的双极运行模式下,变换器通过最小峰值电流控制策略,实现开关器件电流应力有效降低。在短路故障导致的单极运行模式下,变换器通过故障重构策略与恒功率传输控制策略,消除短路故障对正常端口的不利影响,维持关键负荷的连续供电。同时给出变换器在单双极模式的优化控制策略下的软开关运行区域,从而精确刻画出变换器的最优运行区域。实验结果证明理论分析的正确性,研究工作有助于指导中低压直流配电系统的工程实践。

Electromechanical-induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition in PbLa(Zr,Sn,Ti)O_3 ceramic

Antiferroelectric ferroelectric （AFE-FE） phase transition in ceramic Pbo.97Lao.02（Zro.75Snon36Tion14）O3 （PLZST） was studied by dielectric spectroscopy as functions of frequency （102-105 Hz） and pressure （0-500 MPa） under a DC electric field. The hydrostatic pressure-dependent remnant polarization and dielectric constant were mea- sured. The results show that remnant polarization of the metastable rhombohedral ferroelectric PLZST poled ceramic decreases sharply and depoles completely at phase transition under hydrostatic pressure. The dielectric constant um dergoes an abrupt jump twice during a load and unload cycle under an electric field. The two abrupt jumps correspond to two phase transitions, FE AFE and AFE-FE.

Chlorine-radical Induced Oxidation of Glyoxal and Glyoxal-S(IV) Adducts in the Aqueous Phase

A laser flash photolysis study of the reactivity of Cl˙with glyoxal, glyoxal mono- and dibisulfite adducts, 1-hydroxy-2, 2-diol-ethanesulfonate and 1, 2-dihydroxy-1, 2-ethanedi sulfonate in the aqueous phase was carried out. The obtained rate constants can be used for atmospheric modeling.

Henry's Law constant for phosphine in seawater:determination and assessment of influencing factors

The Henry's Law constant (k) for phosphine in seawater was determined by multiple phase equilibration combined with headspace gas chromatography. The effects of pH, temperature, and salinity on k were studied. The k value for phosphine in natural seawater was 6.415 at room temperature (approximately 23°C). This value increases with increases in temperature and salinity, but no obvious change was observed at different pH levels. At the same temperature, there was no significant difference between the k for phosphine in natural seawater and that in artificial seawater. This implies that temperature and salinity are major determining factors for k in marine environment. Double linear regression with Henry's Law constants for phosphine as a function of temperature and salinity confirmed our observations. These results provide a basis for the measurement of trace phosphine concentrations in seawater, and will be helpful for future research on the status of phosphine in the oceanic biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus.

Interference Phase of Neutrino Oscillation in Schwarzschild-de Sitter Space-Time

我们沿着空轨道和测地学的线在 Schwarzschild-de 保姆空间时间学习集体中微子干扰阶段并且在中微子摆动上获得宇宙论的常数的效果。在高精力限制，第一，我们发现阶段沿着测地学保留那双沿着 0。第二，我们在条件上计算阶段宇宙论的常数，，是小数量。阶段的修正由于被给。最后，我们在 Schwarzschild-de 保姆时空计算合适的摆动长度，因为存在，它增加，与在 Schwarzschild 时空的结果相比。所有能作为零的途径在 Schwarzschild 时空我们的结果被归结为那些。