The correction for antenna phase center is considered in processing Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from a network of GPS ultra-short baselines. Compared with the leveling measurements, the GPS result...The correction for antenna phase center is considered in processing Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from a network of GPS ultra-short baselines. Compared with the leveling measurements, the GPS results show that the relative vertical offsets for the pairs of GPS receiver antenna phase centers still exist, although absolute calibration of the antenna phase center variations (PCVs) has been considered. With respect to the TPS CR.G3 antenna, the relative vertical offset for the LEI AT504 antenna is 8.4 mm, the offset for the ASH701945C_M antenna is 5.5 mm, and those for the ASHY00936E_C and ASH701945B_M antennas are approximately between 2 mm and -3 mm. The relative offsets for the same type of antennas are approximately 1 mm. By correcting the absolute PCVs, the existing relative offset becomes negligible for horizontal positioning.展开更多
Currently,a grid-connected inverter is required to inject a dual-sequence current during asymmetric grid sags,which means both positive and negative sequence phases should be tracked.This paper proposes an open-loop p...Currently,a grid-connected inverter is required to inject a dual-sequence current during asymmetric grid sags,which means both positive and negative sequence phases should be tracked.This paper proposes an open-loop phase synchronization(OLS)method of positive and negative sequences for an asymmetric grid based on the moving average filter(MAF),which does not need to separate the positive and negative sequence fundamental components of grid voltage.As a benefit,there is no double-frequency oscillation in the estimated phases at offnominal frequencies since the positive and negative sequence phases are obtained simultaneously.The proposed method not only has the inherent advantages of OLS,but also further improves the dynamic response since the window length of MAF is only 1/6 of the fundamental period.The effectiveness of the proposed OLS is verified by experimental results.展开更多
In the present study, fracture toughness of functionally graded steels in crack divider configuration has been modeled. By utilizing plain carbon and austenitic stainless steels slices with various thicknesses and arr...In the present study, fracture toughness of functionally graded steels in crack divider configuration has been modeled. By utilizing plain carbon and austenitic stainless steels slices with various thicknesses and arrangements as electroslag remelting electrodes, functionally graded steels were produced. The fracture toughness of the functionally graded steels in crack divider configuration has been found to depend on the composites' type together with the volume fraction and the position of the containing phases. According to the area under stress-strain curve of each layer in the functionally graded steels, a mathematical model has been presented for predicting fracture toughness of composites by using the rule of mixtures. The fracture toughness of each layer has been modified according to the position of that layer where for the edge layers, net plane stress condition was supposed and for the central layers, net plane strain condition was presumed. There is a good agreement between experimental results and those acquired from the analytical model.展开更多
In-flight phase center systematic errors of global positioning system(GPS) receiver antenna are the main restriction for improving the precision of precise orbit determination using dual-frequency GPS.Residual appro...In-flight phase center systematic errors of global positioning system(GPS) receiver antenna are the main restriction for improving the precision of precise orbit determination using dual-frequency GPS.Residual approach is one of the valid methods for in-flight calibration of GPS receiver antenna phase center variations(PCVs) from ground calibration.In this paper,followed by the correction model of spaceborne GPS receiver antenna phase center,ionosphere-free PCVs can be directly estimated by ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals of reduced dynamic orbit determination.By the data processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE) satellites,the following conclusions are drawn.Firstly,the distributions of ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals from different periods have the similar systematic characteristics.Secondly,simulations show that the influence of phase residual estimations for ionosphere-free PCVs on orbit determination can reach the centimeter level.Finally,it is shown by in-flight data processing that phase residual estimations of current period could not only be used for the calibration for GPS receiver antenna phase center of foretime and current period,but also be used for the forecast of ionosphere-free PCVs in future period,and the accuracy of orbit determination can be well improved.展开更多
基金supported by the Science for Earthquake Resilience(XH14070Y,XH15064Y)the China NationalSpecial Fund for Earthquake Scientific Research in Public Interest(201208009)
文摘The correction for antenna phase center is considered in processing Global Positioning System (GPS) data collected from a network of GPS ultra-short baselines. Compared with the leveling measurements, the GPS results show that the relative vertical offsets for the pairs of GPS receiver antenna phase centers still exist, although absolute calibration of the antenna phase center variations (PCVs) has been considered. With respect to the TPS CR.G3 antenna, the relative vertical offset for the LEI AT504 antenna is 8.4 mm, the offset for the ASH701945C_M antenna is 5.5 mm, and those for the ASHY00936E_C and ASH701945B_M antennas are approximately between 2 mm and -3 mm. The relative offsets for the same type of antennas are approximately 1 mm. By correcting the absolute PCVs, the existing relative offset becomes negligible for horizontal positioning.
文摘Currently,a grid-connected inverter is required to inject a dual-sequence current during asymmetric grid sags,which means both positive and negative sequence phases should be tracked.This paper proposes an open-loop phase synchronization(OLS)method of positive and negative sequences for an asymmetric grid based on the moving average filter(MAF),which does not need to separate the positive and negative sequence fundamental components of grid voltage.As a benefit,there is no double-frequency oscillation in the estimated phases at offnominal frequencies since the positive and negative sequence phases are obtained simultaneously.The proposed method not only has the inherent advantages of OLS,but also further improves the dynamic response since the window length of MAF is only 1/6 of the fundamental period.The effectiveness of the proposed OLS is verified by experimental results.
文摘In the present study, fracture toughness of functionally graded steels in crack divider configuration has been modeled. By utilizing plain carbon and austenitic stainless steels slices with various thicknesses and arrangements as electroslag remelting electrodes, functionally graded steels were produced. The fracture toughness of the functionally graded steels in crack divider configuration has been found to depend on the composites' type together with the volume fraction and the position of the containing phases. According to the area under stress-strain curve of each layer in the functionally graded steels, a mathematical model has been presented for predicting fracture toughness of composites by using the rule of mixtures. The fracture toughness of each layer has been modified according to the position of that layer where for the edge layers, net plane stress condition was supposed and for the central layers, net plane strain condition was presumed. There is a good agreement between experimental results and those acquired from the analytical model.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61002033,60902089)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics of China (2011ADL-DW0103)
文摘In-flight phase center systematic errors of global positioning system(GPS) receiver antenna are the main restriction for improving the precision of precise orbit determination using dual-frequency GPS.Residual approach is one of the valid methods for in-flight calibration of GPS receiver antenna phase center variations(PCVs) from ground calibration.In this paper,followed by the correction model of spaceborne GPS receiver antenna phase center,ionosphere-free PCVs can be directly estimated by ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals of reduced dynamic orbit determination.By the data processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE) satellites,the following conclusions are drawn.Firstly,the distributions of ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals from different periods have the similar systematic characteristics.Secondly,simulations show that the influence of phase residual estimations for ionosphere-free PCVs on orbit determination can reach the centimeter level.Finally,it is shown by in-flight data processing that phase residual estimations of current period could not only be used for the calibration for GPS receiver antenna phase center of foretime and current period,but also be used for the forecast of ionosphere-free PCVs in future period,and the accuracy of orbit determination can be well improved.