Biochemical changes in phenols,flavonoids,tannins,vitamin E,β-carotene and antioxidant activity during soaking of three white sorghum varieties

Objective:To investigate the changes in total phenols,flavonoids,tannins,vitamin E, β-carotene and antioxidant activity during soaking of three white sorghum varieties.Methods: The changes in total phenols,total ilavonoids,tannins,phenolic acids compounds,flavonoid components,vitamin E,P-carotene and antioxidant activity during soaking of sorghum grains were determined.Results:Total phenols,total flavonoids,tannins,vitamin E,P-carotene and antioxidant activity in raw sorghum were ranged from 109.21 to 116.70,45.91 to 54.69,1.39 to 21.79 mg/100 g,1.74 to 5.25,0.54 to 1.19 mg/kg and 21.72%to 27.69%and 25.29%to 31.97%,respectively. The above measured compounds were significantly decreased after soaking.p-Hydroxybenzoic acid,vanillic acid,syringic acid and cinnamic acid represent the major phenolic acids in Dorado variety.While ferulic acid,p-coumaric acid,gallic acid and caffeic acid represent the major phenolic acids in Shandaweel-6.On the other hand,protocatechuic acid represents the major phenolic acids in Giza-15.Regarding flavonoids components,Dorado was the highest variety in kampferol and naringenin while Shandaweel-6 was the highest variety in luteolin, apigenin,hypersoid,quercelin and christen.Finally,Giza-15 was the highest variety in catechin. Phenolic acids,flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activities were decreased after soaking. Conclusions:Sorghum varieties have moderate quantities from total phenols,total flavonoids, tannins,phenolic acids compounds,flavonoid components,vitamin E,P-carotene and antioxidant activity which decreased after soaking.

丹参口服液中总酚酸性成分的含量测定

目的 :控制丹参口服液的内在质量。方法 :采用比色法对其总酚酸性成分进行含量测定。结果 :回收率为 (98.84±0 .86) % ,RSD为 0 .87%。结论 :该方法简便快速 ,准确度高 。

丹参中酚酸类成分及在水溶液中降解转化研究进展

目前已从丹参中分离鉴定出多种水溶性酚酸类成分,主要包括丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A、丹酚酸E、紫草酸、丹酚酸D、咖啡酸、丹参素和原儿茶醛等。丹参酚酸类成分不稳定,尤其在水溶液中易发生降解及相互转化。综述从丹参中分离鉴定的30余种酚酸类成分及若干丹参酚酸类成分在水溶液中的降解转化研究进展,研究大多以酚酸类成分对照品为实验材料,考察其在不同加热温度和pH等条件下的降解途径,运用HPLC/UPLC-MS结合NMR技术对降解产物进行分离定性,结合产物的种类及化学结构性质进行降解途径的推测。其降解转化途径复杂,主要类型有水解反应、呋喃环开环反应、氧化反应、自由基反应、脱羧反应和脱水反应等,其中自由基反应机理不明确,研究尚欠缺。目前技术手段仅能研究酚酸类成分的表观降解规律,降解过程各成分存在的相互作用尚未阐清,亟待新技术和新方法的运用以进行深入研究。结合酚酸类成分的化学结构特征,归纳若干酚酸类成分在不同条件降解途径并阐述其降解规律的研究难点,旨在为全面研究酚酸类成分降解规律提供依据,为产品工艺的开发和优化提供参考,引发对丹参产品质量控制的深入思考。

Rapid Profiling and Characterization of the Multicomponents from the Root and Rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ion Mobility-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry in Combination with Computational Peak Annotation Workflows

Herbal components characterization represents a challenging task because of the co-existing of multiple classes of naturally occurring compounds with wide spans of polarity,molecular mass,and the ubiquitous isomerism.The root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza have been utilized as a reputable traditional Chinese medicine Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(Dan-Shen)in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.Herein,a dimensionenhanced ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach in combination with intelligent peak annotation workflows was established aimed to rapidly characterize the multicomponents from S.miltiorrhiza.Due to the sufficient optimization,satisfactory chromatography separation was enabled on an HSS T3 column within 33 min using 0.1%formic acid in water(A)and acetonitrile(B)as the mobile phase,while the data-independent HDMS^(E) in both the negative and positive electrospray ionization modes was utilized for the high-coverage MS^(2) data acquisition.Streamlined automatic peak annotation by searching an in-house library(recording 198 known compounds)followed by the subsequent confirming steps(e.g.,comparison with the reference compounds,fragmentation pathways analysis,and retention behavior comparison,etc.),allowed us to identify or tentatively characterize a total of 86 components(including 50 terpenoids,21 phenolic acids,and 15 others)from S.miltiorrhiza.Importantly,three-dimensional structure information,such as the retention time,MS^(1) and MS^(2) data,and collision cross section(CCS),was provided,which can facilitate the more reliable characterization of herbal components.

改进硫酸-苯酚法测定阿胶口服液中粗多糖含量

目的:考察改进硫酸-苯酚法测定阿胶口服液中粗多糖含量生产工艺的稳定性。方法:采用改进的硫酸-苯酚法连续测定10批阿胶口服液中粗多糖含量。结果:样品经改进苯酚-硫酸显色剂显色后于485nm波长处测定吸收度,在此波长处溶液的吸收度(y)与葡萄糖含量(x)在0～0.20 mg范围内,呈良好线性关系,y=0.007 2x-0.0015 6,R2=0.9974。加样回收率为103.7%,RSD为2.15%(n=6);10批口服液多糖含量以葡聚糖计分别为21.6,21.5,21.8,22.6,21.6,22.0,22.6,22.9,22.8,22.4mg/100mL。结论:改进苯酚-硫酸显色法操作简便,准确可靠,可作为阿胶口服液质量控制方法之一,其生产工艺稳定,可控。

东北刺人参根部的酚苷成分

目的研究东北刺人参Oplopanax elatus的亲水性成分及其抗结直肠癌活性。方法利用大孔树脂,正、反相硅胶柱及制备HPLC色谱方法分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物结构;并进行HCT-116和HT-29细胞增殖活性测定。结果从东北刺人参干燥根提取物正丁醇部位分离并鉴定了11个酚苷化合物,其中6个苯丙素苷成分:3,5-二甲氧基肉桂酸-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、3-羟基二氢肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、3-甲氧基肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、3-甲氧基二氢肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4)、3,5-二甲氧基二氢肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、3,5-二甲氧基肉桂醇-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6);5个木脂素苷成分:3,3′-二甲氧基-4,9,9′-三羟基-4′,7-环氧-5′,8-木脂素-4,9-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷(7)、(+)-5,5′-二甲氧基落叶松脂素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、(+)-异落叶松脂素-9′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、(+)-异落叶松脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、(+)-5,5′-二甲氧基落叶松脂素-9′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11)。所有酚苷对HCT-116和HT-29细胞增殖均无明显抑制作用(IC50>100μmol/L)。结论化合物4、6、9、11均为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1、2和10首次从该属植物中分离得到。

猫须草中一个新的酚酸类化合物

目的研究猫须草[Clerodendranthus spicatus(Thunb.)C.Y.Wu]中的酚酸类化学成分。方法采用大孔树脂柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据对化合物的结构进行鉴定。结果从猫须草水提取物中得到1个具有新颖桥环[2.2.2]的酚酸类化合物1。结论化合物1为新化合物,命名为猫须草酸E。

泽漆化学成分研究

目的研究泽漆Euphorbia helioscopia的化学成分。方法利用大孔树脂,正、反相硅胶柱,MCI及Sephadex LH-20柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据波谱数据及理化性质鉴定化合物结构。结果从泽漆全草95%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定16个化合物,包括4个萜类化合物:泽漆内酯戊(1)、对映-16β,17-二羟基-贝壳杉烷-3-酮(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、白桦脂酸(4);6个酚性化合物:苯甲酸(5)、没食子酸乙酯(6)、3,3′,4,4′-四羟基联苯(7)、短叶苏木酚(8)、6-羟基-7,8-二氧亚甲基香豆素(9)、3,3′-二甲氧基鞣花酸(10);5个黄酮类化合物:芹菜素(11)、3′-甲氧基木犀草素(12)、金丝桃苷(13)、柚皮素-7-0-β-D-葡萄糖苷(14)、杨梅素-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(15)及1个甾体化合物:3β-羟基-胆甾-5-烯(16)。结论化合物7~10、12为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物2~5、14~15首次从该植物分离得到。