A Tentative Evaluation of "The Three-step Method" In Teaching English Phonetics In Class

The reform into the method of teaching English phonetics still remains a weat ling, This paper, deals with some efficacious attempts made in the classroom teaching of the English phonetics from the Three-step Method :

A Class of Estimators for Population Ratio in Simple Random Sampling Using Variable Transformation

This paper is an extension and generalization of the study carried out by [1] on the estimation of the population ratio (R) of the population means of two variables (y and x) under Simple Random Sampling (SRS) scheme, using a variable transformation of the auxiliary variable, x. All the six estimators proposed by [1] are easily identified as special cases of the proposed class of estimators. Asymptotic properties of the proposed class of estimators are derived theoretically and subsequently verified using empirical illustrations. Some of the proposed estimators are found to have relatively large gains in efficiency over the customary ratio estimator, ?for the given data set.

Experimental and Numerical Study of the Key Non-Dimensional Geometrical Parameters on the Noise Level of Dry-Type Cast Resin Transformers

Dry-Type Cast Resin Distribution Transformers(CRT)is the secondgeneration of air-cooled distribution transformers where oil is replaced by resin for electrical insulation.CRT transformers may installed indoor adjacent to or near residential areas since they are clean and safe comparing to the conventional transformers.But,as it is obvious,noise discrepancy is intrinsically accompanied with all types of transformers and is inevitable for CRT transformers too.Minimization of noise level caused by such these transformers has biological and ergonomic importance.As it is known the core of transformers is the main source of the noise generation.In this paper,experimental and numerical investigation is implemented for a large number of fabricated CRT transformers in IT Co(Iran Transfo Company)to evaluate the effective geometrical parameters of the core on the overall sound level of transformers.Noise Level of each sample is measured according to criteria of IEC60651 and is reported in units of Decibel(dB).Numerical simulation is done using noncommercial version of ANSYS Workbench software to extract first six natural frequencies and mode shapes of CRT cores which is reported in units of Hz.Three novel non-dimensional variables for geometry of the transformer core are introduced.Both experimental and numerical results show approximately similar response to these variables.Correlation between natural frequencies and noise level is evaluated statistically.Pearson factor shows that there is a robust conjunction between first two natural frequencies and noise level of CRTs.Results show that noise level decreases as the two first natural frequencies increases and vice versa,noise level increases as the two natural frequencies of the core decreases.Finally the noise level decomposed to two parts.

Application of Mean-Field Jordan-Wigner Transformation to Antiferromagnet System

By using the mean-field Jordan-Wigner transformation analysis,this paper studies the one-dimensionalspin-1/2 XYZ antiferromagnetic chain in the transverse field with uniform long-range interactions among the z-components of the spins.The thermodynamic quantities,such as Helmholtz free energy,the internal energy,the specificheat,and the isothermal susceptibility,are obtained.Under degenerating condition,our results agree with numericalresults of the other literatures.

Estimation of Population Ratio in Post-Stratified Sampling Using Variable Transformation

Extending the work carried out by [1], this paper proposes six combined-type estimators of population ratio of two variables in post-stratified sampling scheme, using variable transformation. Properties of the proposed estimators were obtained up to first order approximations,(on–1), both for achieved sample configurations (conditional argument) and over repeated samples of fixed size n (unconditional argument). Efficiency conditions were obtained. Under these conditions the proposed combined-type estimators would perform better than the associated customary combined-type estimator. Furthermore, optimum estimators among the proposed combined-type estimators were obtained both under the conditional and unconditional arguments. An empirical work confirmed the theoretical results.

The Equilibrium Distribution of Counting Random Variables

We study the high order equilibrium distributions of a counting random variable. Properties such as moments, the probability generating function, the stop--loss transform and the mean residual lifetime, are derived. Expressions are obtained for higher order equilibrium distribution functions under mixtures and convolutions of a counting distribution. Recursive formulas for higher order equilibrium distribution functions of the (a,b,0) -family of distributions are given.

Construction of Meaning Scheme in Community Strategic Planning of Civil Society

This research aimed to examine problems in building up local development plan,construct new meaning scheme of community strategic planning of civil society,and identify strategic guidelines for grassroots economic development.Key informants were 145 representatives of civil society from 102 communities in Trang Province,Thailand.Research instruments were dialogue forums which encouraged the key informants to reveal their own experiences in public hearings.Data were analyzed by using interpretation of their own experiences in order to construct new meaning scheme from them.Findings revealed that the problems of previous community strategic plan facilitated by governmental organizations had less concern towards people’s self-reliance and participation to determine their own community future.Civil society participated in construction of new meaning scheme of local development by setting direction concerning existing local assets;e.g.marine resources,mountains,forests and paddy fields.Meanwhile,local people were harmoniously living among diversified cultural and ethnical differences like Buddhists,Muslims,Chinese-Thais,and local ethnic groups.External factors that weakened local capacity are consumerism in today’s society,and governmental mechanism was not conformed to local development.All developmental budgets were arranged by government organizations.Thus,new meaning scheme to development is setting up the directions of local development based on peaceful and strong relationship of community people including reservation of natural and cultural diversity.Furthermore,civil society’s role should be strengthened and reset,while government organizations act as facilitators instead of being commanders.The strategic guidelines included:promoting occupational capacity for small-and medium-sized community enterprises to gain more opportunity in economic space of local wisdom products,conserving the natural resources and bio-diversity,developing physical environment and city plan to support tourism,providing non-formal education to empower intellectual capability of local community leaders,and developing community-based tourism to gain additional income based on the historical and cultural strengths.

Numerical Solution of Mean-Square Approximation Problem of Real Nonnegative Function by the Modulus of Double Fourier Integral

A nonlinear problem of mean-square approximation of a real nonnegative continuous function with respect to two variables by the modulus of double Fourier integral dependent on two real parameters with use of the smoothing functional is studied. Finding the optimal solutions of this problem is reduced to solution of the Hammerstein type two-dimensional nonlinear integral equation. The numerical algorithms to find the branching lines and branching-off solutions of this equation are constructed and justified. Numerical examples are presented.

Kramers-Kronig Relations and the Properties of Conductivity and Permittivity in Heterogeneous Media

The macroscopic electric permittivity of a given medium may depend on frequency, but this frequency dependence cannot be arbitrary, its real and imaginary parts are related by the well-known Kramers-Kronig relations. Here, we show that an analogous paradigm applies to the macroscopic electric conductivity. If the causality principle is taken into account, there exist Kramers-Kronig relations for conductivity, which are mathematically equivalent to the Hilbert transform. These relations impose strong constraints that models of heterogeneous media should satisfy to have a physically plausible frequency dependence of the conductivity and permittivity. We illustrate these relations and constraints by a few examples of known physical media. These extended relations constitute important constraints to test the consistency of past and future experimental measurements of the electric properties of heterogeneous media.

Numerical Approximation of Real Finite Nonnegative Function by the Modulus of Discrete Fourier Transform

The numerical algorithms for finding the lines of branching and branching-off solutions of nonlinear problem on mean-square approximation of a real finite nonnegative function with respect to two variables by the modulus of double discrete Fourier transform dependent on two parameters, are constructed and justified.

Design and Simulation of an Audio Signal Alerting and Automatic Control System

A large part of our daily lives is spent with audio information. Massive obstacles are frequently presented by the colossal amounts of acoustic information and the incredibly quick processing times. This results in the need for applications and methodologies that are capable of automatically analyzing these contents. These technologies can be applied in automatic contentanalysis and emergency response systems. Breaks in manual communication usually occur in emergencies leading to accidents and equipment damage. The audio signal does a good job by sending a signal underground, which warrants action from an emergency management team at the surface. This paper, therefore, seeks to design and simulate an audio signal alerting and automatic control system using Unity Pro XL to substitute manual communication of emergencies and manual control of equipment. Sound data were trained using the neural network technique of machine learning. The metrics used are Fast Fourier transform magnitude, zero crossing rate, root mean square, and percentage error. Sounds were detected with an error of approximately 17%;thus, the system can detect sounds with an accuracy of 83%. With more data training, the system can detect sounds with minimal or no error. The paper, therefore, has critical policy implications about communication, safety, and health for underground mine.

A generic approach to the dynamical interpretation of ocean-atmosphere processes

This paper summarizes the recent development of a portable self-contained system to unravel the intricate multiscale dynamical processes from real oceanic flows, which are in nature highly nonlinear and intermittent in space and time. Of particular focus are the interactions among largescale, mesoscale, and submesoscale processes.We firsu introduce the concept of scale window, and an orthogonal subspace decomposition technigue called multiscale window transform (MWT). Established on MWT is a rigorous formalism of multiscale transport, perfect transfer, and multiscale conversion, which makes a new methodology, multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA). A direct application of the MS-EVA is the development of a novel localized instability analysis, generalizing the classical notion of hydrodynamic instability to finite amplitude processes on irregularly variable domains. The theory is consistent with the analytical solutions of Eady's model and Kuo's model, the benchmark models of baroclinic instability and barotropic instability; it is further validated with a vortex shedding control problem. We have put it to application with a variety of complicated real ocean problems, which would be otherwise very difficult, if not impossible, to tackle. Briefly shown in this paper include the dynamical studies of a highly variable open ocean front, and a complex coastal ocean circulation. In the former, it is found that underlying the frontal meandering is a convective instability followed by an absolute instability, and correspondingly a rapid spatially amplifying mode locked into a temporally growing mode; in the latter, we see a real ocean example of how upwelling can be driven by winds through nonlinear instability, and how winds may excite the ocean via an avenue which is distinctly different from the classical paradigms. This system is mathematically rigorous, physically robust, and practically straightforward.

智慧国土的基本内涵与发展方向

当前,国家大力推动数字化转型和高质量发展,对自然资源与国土空间的数字化发展与应用提出了更高要求。虽然近些年国土空间数字化发展取得了很大成绩,但对标数字化转型和高质量发展的迫切要求,尚存在着与业务融合不深、技术支撑不够、整体合力不强、发展动能不足等问题,突出表现为高质量信息供给不足、高层次分析能力不强、高层次赋能手段短缺。因此,应以智慧国土为抓手,统筹数字化发展,推进智慧化应用。本文分析了智慧国土的基本内涵,提出以数据—信息—知识为主线,统筹国土空间的数字化发展,实现一体化建模、集成化管理及知识化服务;从全面动态感知、系统精准认知及全域智慧管控的角度,提升自然资源管理和国土空间治理各项工作的智慧化应用水平,实现在实景三维空间研判、用时空信息说话、凭时空知识决策。为了切实地构建国土空间治理的数字化生态、促进国土空间治理体系和治理能力现代化,今后还要加强顶层设计,推动科技创新,开展试点示范,加快专业改革。

基于广义Curvelet变换和相空间特征聚类的VSP波场分离方法

垂直地震剖面(Vertical Seismic Profiling,VSP)蕴含大量的地层地质信息,是连接地震反射数据与测井资料之间的桥梁.VSP数据分辨率高,资料丰富,包括上行波、下行波、转换波等多种类型的波场,常被用于地层反射界面标定、介质衰减参数反演等.其中,如何有效地分离波场是将VSP资料应用于油气勘探的关键之一.广义Curvelet变换是一种具有多尺度、多角度的相空间变换,能够进行相空间域波场特性的提取.本文聚焦于VSP波场的上下行波分离问题,提出一种基于广义Curvelet变换和相空间特征聚类方法.首先,采用广义Curvelet变换对VSP波场进行特征提取,构造融入相空间角度信息的特征数据集;然后,利用K-means聚类算法在相空间对波场特征进行分类;最后,对分类结果进行反变换,完成VSP上下行波波场的自适应分离.为了验证方法的有效性,本文将所提出的方法用于合成数据和实际VSP数据的波场分离,并与常用的基于F-K变换的波场分离方法进行对比.处理结果表明,本文方法角度分辨率高、抗噪能力强,波场分离结果的保真保幅性好,这为后续的成像与地层的特征分析提供了重要基础资料.

基于改进切尾均值的矿井图像去噪算法

现有矿井图像去噪算法对于复杂噪声的去除效果有限,且处理速度不能满足实时监控需求。针对该问题,提出一种基于改进切尾均值的矿井图像去噪算法。首先,采用切尾均值滤波器对图像噪声进行初步滤除,同时引入二次检验机制处理残留的噪声点,通过引入离散系数提升算法对不同像素的区分能力,增强去噪性能;其次,采用基于极值数量的分类处理及再次检验机制,有效减少残留噪声问题;然后,在小波函数中引入新的控制变量优化软阈值函数和硬阈值函数,构建双阈值函数,结合Radon变换增强对线性特征的处理,增强对矿井图像的检测能力;最后,采用均方误差(MSE)与峰值信噪比(PSNR)进行图像质量评价。实验结果表明:相较于切尾均值算法、硬阈值算法、软阈值算法,基于改进切尾均值的矿井图像去噪算法处理的图像的MSE增长相对缓慢,MSE最小,图像去噪效果最好;引入离散系数后,去噪图像的MSE相较于引入前低300 dB左右,PSNR相较于引入前高20 dB左右,引入离散系数能有效减少噪声点对算法的影响;相较于卡尔曼遗传优化算法、变换域图像去噪算法、交叉分支卷积去噪网络,基于改进切尾均值的矿井图像去噪算法处理的图像MSE分别降低了27,21,13 dB,PSNR分别提升了8,6,3 dB,去噪耗时分别缩短了0.20,0.16,0.14 s。

基于CEEMDAN-VSSLMS的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对传统机械轴承故障诊断模型易受系统噪声干扰、特征识别效率低等问题,提出一种基于信号固有模式深度建模分析的轴承故障诊断方法。首先,将采集到的轴承振动信号进行噪声自适应完全经验模态分解(CEEMDAN),获得不同时间尺度的局部特征信号,使用相关系数判别并去除虚假模态分量,再利用可变步长最小均方算法(VSSLMS)对剩余IMF分量降噪并进行重构;然后,将降噪后的振动信号进行离散小波变换(DWT)得到时频谱图,并利用形态学开运算进行特征增强;最后利用改进GoogLeNet网络模型对特征图进行训练,通过Softmax分类器完成特征归类,从而实现轴承故障诊断。将提出的故障诊断方法应用于不同工况下的轴承故障数据集,试验结果表明,所提方法在噪声干扰下具有较高的诊断精度。

基于改进Yolov5模型的纱筒余纱量检测方法

为实现针织圆纬机纱架上纱筒余纱量的实时检测,提出一种深度学习与传统图像处理相结合的检测方法。通过优化Yolov5的主干网络并加入Shuffle-Attention注意力机制,利用改进后模型在图像中检测并框出纱筒位置;然后利用透视变换、均值偏移、canny轮廓检测、闭操作等处理获取纱筒内外圆轮廓,设计基于梯度下降的圆拟合算法,拟合纱筒内外圆的轮廓,得到纱筒的内外圆半径;最后结合小孔成像的原理完成纱筒余纱量的测量。结果表明:改进后的Yolov5模型在纱筒检测精度上达到99.5%,检测速度可达20帧/s,同时模型参数减少至3.255×106可检测的最小纱筒余纱量为3 mm,当纱筒余纱量小于3 mm后,将其视为空筒,进行延时更换。本文算法拟合圆所花费时间是传统霍夫圆检测算法的1/4左右,因此可满足针织车间的实际应用需求。

矩阵初等变换的几何意义

矩阵的初等变换在线性代数中应用十分广泛,以初等行变换为例,分别给出了非退化的初等变换、退化的初等变换的实例与对应的几何图形,在此基础上给出了任意角度的旋转.在教学过程中,通过挖掘初等变换的几何意义,可以使学生建立代数与几何的统一观,促进学生抽象思维与形象思维协调发展.

ViTH:面向医学图像检索的视觉Transformer哈希改进算法

对海量的医学图像进行有效检索会给医学诊断和治疗带来极其重要的意义.哈希方法是图像检索领域中的一种主流方法,但在医学图像领域的应用相对较少.针对此,提出一种面向医学图像检索的视觉Transformer哈希改进算法.首先使用视觉Transformer模型作为基础的特征提取模块,其次在Transformer编码器的前、后端分别加入幂均值变换(Power-Mean Transformation,PMT),进一步增强模型的非线性性能,接着在Transformer编码器内部的多头注意力(Multi-Head Attention,MHA)层引入空间金字塔池化(Spatial Pyramid Pooling,SPP)形成多头空间金字塔池化注意力(Multi-Head Spatial Pyramid Pooling Attention,MHSPA)模块,该模块不仅可以提取全局的上下文特征,而且可以提取多尺度的局部上下文特征,并将不同尺度的特征进行融合.最后在输出幂均值变换层之后将提取到的特征分别通过两个多层感知机(Multi-Layer Perceptrons,MLPs),上分支的MLP用来预测图像的类别,下分支的MLP用来学习图像的哈希码.在损失函数部分,充分考虑了成对损失、量化损失、平衡损失以及分类损失来优化整个模型.在医学图像数据集ChestX-ray14和ISIC 2018上的实验结果表明,该研究所提出的算法相比于经典的哈希算法具有更好的检索效果.