Application and optimization design of non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator in viaduct structure-borne noise reduction

The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator is proposed herein,which uses the particle damping vibration absorption technology and bandgap vibration control theory.The vibration reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVI was analyzed from the perspective of vibration control.The paper explores the structure-borne noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs installed on different bridge structures under varying service conditions encountered in practical engineering applications.The load transferred to the bridge is obtained from a coupled train-FST-bridge analytical model considering the different structural parameters of bridges.The vibration responses are obtained using the finite element method,while the structural noise radiation is simulated using the frequency-domain boundary element method.Using the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the parameters of the NOPD-PCVI are optimized so that its frequency bandgap matches the dominant bridge structural noise frequency range.The noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs is compared to the steel-spring isolation under different service conditions.

Flexural wave bandgap properties of phononic crystal beams with interval parameters

Uncertainties are unavoidable in practical engineering,and phononic crystals are no exception.In this paper,the uncertainties are treated as the interval parameters,and an interval phononic crystal beam model is established.A perturbation-based interval finite element method(P-IFEM)and an affine-based interval finite element method(A-IFEM)are proposed to study the dynamic response of this interval phononic crystal beam,based on which an interval vibration transmission analysis can be easily implemented and the safe bandgap can be defined.Finally,two numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the P-IFEM and A-IFEM.Results show that the safe bandgap range may even decrease by 10%compared with the deterministic bandgap without considering the uncertainties.

Tuning of band gaps for a two-dimensional piezoelectric phononic crystal with a rectangular lattice

In this paper, the elastic wave propagation in a two-dimensional piezoelectric phononic crystal is studied by considering the mechanic-electric coupling. The generalized eigenvalue equation is obtained by the relation of the mechanic and electric fields as well as the Bloch-Floquet theorem. The band structures of both the in-plane and anti-plane modes are calculated for a rectangular lattice by the planewave expansion method. The effects of the lattice constant ratio and the piezoelectricity with different filling fractions are analyzed. The results show that the largest gap width is not always obtained for a square lattice. In some situations, a rectangular lattice may generate larger gaps. The band gap characteristics are influenced obviously by the piezoelectricity with the larger lattice constant ratios and the filling fractions.

Ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystal structure

In response to the ultrasonic scalpels with the vibrational modal coupling which leads to a decrease in efficiency,an ultrasonic scalpel based on fusiform phononic crystals(PnCs)is proposed.An accurate theoretical model is constructed,which is mainly composed of electromechanical equivalent circuit models to analyze the frequency response function and the frequency response curves of the admittance.Bragg band gaps exist in the fusiform PnCs owing to the periodic constraint,which can suppress the corresponding vibrational modes.The vibration characteristics(vibration mode,frequency,and displacement distribution)of the ultrasonic scalpel are analyzed,and the validity of the electromechanical equivalent circuit method is verified.The results indicate that other vibration modes near the working frequency can be isolated.In addition,blades based on fusiform PnCs have a function akin to that of the horn,which enables displacement amplification.

Simulation and experimental investigation of low-frequency vibration reduction of honeycomb phononic crystals

The honeycomb phononic crystal displays good performance in reducing vibration, especially at low frequency, but there are few corresponding experiments involving this kind of phononic crystal and the influence of geometric parameters on the bandgap is unclear. We design a honeycomb phononic crystal, which is assembled by using a chemigum plate and a steel column, calculate the bandgaps of the phononic crystal, and analyze the vibration modes. In the experiment, we attach a same-sized rubber plate and a phononic crystal to a steel plate separately in order to compare their vibration reduction performances. We use 8×8 unit cells as a complete phononic crystal plate to imitate an infinite period structure and choose a string suspension arrangement to support the experiment. The results show that the honeycomb phononic crystal can reduce the vibrating plate magnitude by up to 60 dB in a frequency range of 600 Hz–900 Hz, while the rubber plate can reduce only about 20 dB. In addition, we study the effect of the thickness of plate and the height and the radius of the column in order to choose the most superior parameters to achieve low frequency and wide bandgap.

Raman Spectra of Laser Crystals NAB and NYAB and the Ligand Vibrations of Their Active Ions

The lattice vibration mode of the laser crystals NAB and NYAB are measured by Raman spectra method and the possible effects of the BO3 and NdO6 vibration modes on the non-radiative transition of the active ions are discussed.

Flexural vibration band gaps in thin plates with two-dimensional binary locally resonant structures

The complete flexural vibration band gaps are studied in the thin plates with two-dimensional binary locally resonant structures, i.e. the composite plate consisting of soft rubber cylindrical inclusions periodically placed in a host material. Numerical simulations show that the low-frequency gaps of flexural wave exist in the thin plates. The width of the first gap decreases monotonically as the matrix density increases, The frequency response of the finite periodic thin plates is simulated by the finite element method, which provides attenuations of over 20dB in the frequency range of the band gaps. The findings will be significant in the application of phononic crystals.

Numerical analysis of acoustic band gaps in two-dimensional periodic materials

Using the plane-wave expansion (PWE)method , the band gaps of the two-dimension phononic crystals composed of square, triangle and honeycomb arrays aluminum cylinders in the air are calculated numerically. The band structures of three lattices were compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the band-gap of honeycomb lattices is located at lower frequency fields, compared with square and triangle lattices. When the filling fraction is between 0.091 and 0.6046, the honeycomb lattices have larger band gaps and gain an advantage over square and triangle lattices. In addition, the gap map is introduced to illustrate the influences of filling fraction on the number, the relative width and the limit frequency of the band-gap.

Lattice vibration and Raman scattering of two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure

Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials and related van der Waals heterostructures(vdWHs) is intense and remains one of the leading topics in condensed matter physics.Lattice vibrations or phonons of a vdWH provide rich information,such as lattice structure,phonon dispersion,electronic band structure and electron–phonon coupling.Here,we provide a mini review on the lattice vibrations in vdWHs probed by Raman spectroscopy.First,we introduced different kinds of vdWHs,including their structures,properties and potential applications.Second,we discussed interlayer and intralayer phonon in twist multilayer graphene and MoS2.The frequencies of interlayer and intralayer modes can be reproduced by linear chain model(LCM)and phonon folding induced by periodical moiré potentials,respectively.Then,we extended LCM to vdWHs formed by distinct 2D materials,such as MoS2/graphene and hBN/WS2 heterostructures.We further demonstrated how to calculate Raman intensity of interlayer modes in vdWHs by interlayer polarizability model.

Local resonance phononic band gaps in modifiedtwo-dimensional lattice materials

In this paper, modified two-dimensional peri- odic lattice materials with local resonance phononic band gaps are designed and investigated. The design concept is to introduce some auxiliary structures into conventional pe- riodic lattice materials. Elastic wave propagation in this kind of modified two-dimensional lattice materials is studied us- ing a combination of Bloch＇s theorem with finite element method. The calculated frequency band structures of illus- trative modified square lattice materials reveal the existence of frequency band gaps in the low frequency region due to the introduction of the auxiliary structures. The mechanism underlying the occurrence of these frequency band gaps is thoroughly discussed and natural resonances of the auxiliary structures are validated to be the origin. The effect of geo- metric parameters of the auxiliary structures on the width of the local resonance phononic band gaps is explored. Finally, a conceptual broadband vibration-insulating structure based on the modified lattice materials is designed and its capabil- ity is demonstrated. The present work is anticipated to be useful in designing structures which can insulate mechanical vibrations within desired frequency ranges.

The Statistical Distribution for 0-Deformed Crystal Lattice Vibration for Generic Atomic String

In this paper, a g-deformation of crystal lattice vibration for generic atomic string is suggested. The expression for energy spectrum depends on g-deformed parameter have been obtained. The statistical distribution of g-deformed crystal lattice vibration is calculated and this result is very much different from there of q-deformed crystal lattice vibration.

基于局域共振型声子晶体塔筒结构海上风机减振特性研究

针对海上风机的振动控制问题,提出一种局域共振型声子晶体塔筒结构,基于周期结构的Bloch定理,采用有限元法计算该结构的能带结构、特征模态所对应的位移场以及相应有限周期声子晶体塔筒结构的振动传输曲线,对其展现出的带隙特性进行分析。基于局域共振带隙的形成,研究声子晶体塔筒结构的振动控制问题,可将其应用于不同海洋环境中海上风机特定频率的减振。得出声子晶体塔筒结构在xy平面内与z方向上受激励时的振动传输曲线,选取两者在特定频率下的结构位移图分别进行分析,计算出非理想化声子晶体塔筒结构在xy平面内与z方向上受激励时的振动传输曲线并加以对比。研究各参数对声子晶体塔筒结构带隙衰减频段的影响规律,通过合理调整设计参数,可以实现结构特定范围内的低频隔振,证明其在复杂海洋环境中海上风机减振方面具有很好的应用前景。

沙漏型声子晶体的中低频隔声减振性能研究

针对机械工业装备上难以解决的低频振动与噪声问题,提出一种小尺寸、轻量化的新型声子晶体结构,研究其隔声减振特性,通过有限元仿真计算该声子晶体无限周期排列时的隔声量、能带结构以及有限周期排列时的振动响应,分析该结构的隔声机理及减振特性,并研究了关键几何参数、散射体材料和声波入射角度对该结构的隔声特性的影响规律,以及板结构减振频带的拓宽方法.结果表明:该声子晶体结构在1 000 Hz以下频率范围内具有优越的隔声减振性能,通过将不同参数的结构进行组合的方法可以拓宽声子晶体板的减振频带,为工程结构的中低频隔声减振及声子晶体的应用提供了新的思路与可行性参考.

基于声子晶体的周期性基础机器振动波衰减性能分析

文章利用COMSOL多物理场程序计算不同参数周期性基础的衰减域特性,探讨周期性基础对机器振动波的衰减和阻隔作用。利用商业有限元ABAQUS软件建立周期性基础机器振动有限元模型,对不同厚度、材料的周期性基础模型进行频域分析,得到周期性基础的频散关系;通过时程分析研究周期性基础机器的动力响应和振动衰减效果。结果表明:当输入波的频率处于周期性基础频率带隙内时,可以有效地减小上部机器的动力响应;当输入波的主频处于周期性基础频率带隙外时,无法减小上部机器的动力响应;不同厚度和材料的周期性基础的带隙以及对于上部机器振动的减振效果不同。研究结果为周期性基础在工业厂房机器减振中的应用提供了新的思路和方法。

多重谐振水泥基声子晶体带隙特性研究

为了拓宽混凝土超材料弹性波衰减带的范围,本工作基于局域共振理论提出了一种多重谐振水泥基声子晶体。利用有限元方法,计算了多重谐振水泥基声子晶体的能带结构、本征模态和衰减特性,研究了带隙产生机理和影响因素,根据质量-弹簧系统推导了带隙估计式,分析了混凝土超材料充填层结构的减振性能。结果表明:多重谐振水泥基声子晶体在1~400 Hz频段内具有两个带隙,其中带隙的起始和截止频率由散射体Ⅰ、散射体Ⅱ和水泥砂浆基体的振动模式决定;包裹层的弹性模量、泊松比以及厚度是影响带隙的主要因素;由多重谐振水泥基声子晶体组成的混凝土超材料充填层结构在1~400 Hz频段内的加速度级均小于普通自密实混凝土充填层结构,特别是在带隙频段范围内振动降低了6~9 dB。

基于FGMs的声子晶体带隙调控及振动特性研究

为抑制舰艇典型板壳结构低频振动,基于局域共振理论,设计了一种悬臂式声子晶体结构,开展了数值计算并揭示带隙发生机理,探究了各尺寸参数对带隙特性的影响。同时基于功能梯度材料(functional gradient materials, FGMs)思想,提出固有频率梯度组合带隙调控方法,可有效拓宽低频带隙范围。最后,设计振动特性试验并分析误差产生的原因。结果表明:悬臂梁边长越长,带隙宽度变窄,悬臂梁宽度及厚度增加,带隙宽度变宽;固有频率梯度组合研究中,当整体固有频率变化率小于8.1%时,带隙范围有效拓宽。当相邻两者固有频率变化率大于12.27%时,可呈现多频带隙特性;增加悬臂梁安装数量可在固有频率梯度组合的基础上进一步拓宽禁带范围,该研究成果可为船舶板壳结构隔振设计提供参考。

周期桁架结构设计及振动特性分析

为解决船舶动力系统低频振动噪声问题,本文基于声子晶体局域共振理论,设计了一种带周期振子桁架式浮筏结构。利用有限元法和Bloch理论,分析了周期振子桁架产生带隙的原因,讨论了振子质量、安装形式和桁架结构参数对带隙特性的影响规律,设计了周期振子桁架振动特性试验,探究了桁架结构振动传递特性。结果表明:振子质量越大,带隙宽度增加,胞元尺寸越大,带隙带宽减小;振子排列方式对带隙特性影响较小,增加振子数量,宽带特性显著;采用振子间隔安装方式,相较全安装方式,带隙特性变化较小,可有效减少振子数量。

圆柱空腔橡胶层局域共振声子晶体双层板减振特性分析

针对机械设备中的低频减振问题,提出一种圆柱空腔橡胶层局域共振声子晶体双层板结构,即在双层板间周期性排列具有圆柱空腔的橡胶层和实心散射体振子。首先结合弹性波理论和BLOCH定理,采用有限元方法计算带隙范围并分析弯曲波带隙形成的原理,其次通过单变量和组合变量的方式分析单元参数对带隙的影响规律并依此对单元参数进行调整,使其弯曲波带隙范围为48.52~206.21 Hz,最后通过振动传输特性仿真验证其对弯曲波振动的减振效果。研究表明,圆柱空腔橡胶层双层板式声子晶体可以产生200 Hz以下的弯曲波带隙,且可以通过调整单元参数来使其匹配目标减振频段。声子晶体板的振动传输特性分析和振动位移图验证了其对带隙范围内弯曲波传输的抑制作用,可为基于声子晶体减振的工程应用提供一定的参考。

基于声学超材料的低频隔声模型设计

由于低频声波波长较长且穿透力强、难以衰减,能很轻易地绕过障碍物,所以排除低频声波的干扰一直是声学研究中的一大问题。为了实现对低频波的有效吸收,解决现代生产生活中普遍存在的噪声污染问题,以声学超材料为基础,利用COMSOL有限元软件研究设计一种二维三分量局部共振型超材料模型,对不同频率、不同厚度和不同形状结构的超材料模型隔声效果展开研究。经仿真实验结果验证,模型能够实现对低频声波的吸收,在20~3000 Hz频率范围内有效降低低频宽频噪声,最大可得到30 dB的声衰减,从而达到良好的低频隔声效果,这项研究对声学的发展有很好的现实价值和发展空间,为民用及军用领域对减振降噪的高需求提供了更多的可能,可在许多不同的应用中发挥作用。

弹性支撑条件下声子晶体角梁结构振动特性分析研究

为了进一步探究一维声子晶体结构的振动特性,本文开展了弹性支撑条件下一维声子晶体角梁结构弯曲位移的振动特性研究。通过采用有限元分析法,分别对L型和T型声子晶体角梁结构进行模型建立,并对频率范围内的弯曲位移响应曲线进行绘制。同时,对弹性支撑条件、晶格长度、组分比、连接角度以及弹性支撑刚度对不同类型声子晶体角梁结构的带隙影响规律进行了研究。结果表明,弹性支撑刚度对声子晶体角梁结构的第一带隙有着明显的影响。