Nerve growth factor pretreatment against glutamate-induced hippocampal neuronal injury Action mechanism of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10

BACKGROUND： Nerve growth factor （NGF） attenuates glutamate-induced injury to hippocampal neurons, and the human tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 （PTEN） promotes neuronal apoptosis. However, effects of PTEN in NGF-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate excitotoxicity remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the relationship between NGF inhibition of glutamate-induced injury and PTEN. DESIGN, TIME AND SE＇I＇rlNG： The randomized, controlled, in vitro study was performed at the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Nantong University, China from October 2007 to March 2008. MATERIALS： Glutamate, NGF, 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indolediacetate, 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide （M-I-F）, and lactate dehydrogenase kit （Sigma, USA）, fluorescence microscope and inverted phase contrast microscope （Olympus, Japan） were used in this study. METHODS： Hippocampal neurons were obtained from newborn （〈 24 hours） Sprague Dawley rats and cultured for 7 days. The control group was not treated with any intervention factor, the glutamate group was treated with glutamate （0.2 mmol/L）, and NGF groups were treated with NGF （10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/L, respectively） prior to glutamate treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays were applied to evaluate viability of hippocampal neurons. Morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were observed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope, and neuronal apoptosis was detected by 4, 6-diamidino-2- phenyl-indolediacetate staining. PTEN mRNA and protein expression were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS： Glutamate （0.2 mmol/L） induced significantly decreased neuronal viability and greater lactate dehydrogenase efflux compared with the control group （P 〈 0.01）. However, compared with the glutamate group, cell viability significantly increased and lactate dehydrogenase efflux decreased in the NGF group with increasing NGF concentrations （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. The apoptotic ratio and PTEN mRNA and protein expression decreased in the NGF group compared with the glutamate group （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Pretreatment with NGF exerted neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced injury, partially through inhibition of PTEN expression and neuronal apoptosis.

Phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10,hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha gene expression in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression

To examine phosphatase and tensin homology deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN),hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expressions and their relation to vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein expression in the patients with human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas.Methods The expression of PTEN,HIF-1 alpha gene was detected by using in situ hybridization,and the VEGF expression levels by immunohistochemistry in colorectal adenomas and primary colorectal adenocarcinoma.Results Strong expression of HIF-1 alpha was detectable in the majority of colorectal dadenocarcinoma,particularly surrounding areas of necrosis in adenocarcinoma.PTEN,HIF-1 alpha mRNA and VEGF protein were positive in 51.6%,67.7% and 59.7% respectively in 62 cases of adenocarcinomas,and 77.8%,44.4% and 33.3% respectively in 18 cases of adenomas.The positive rate of VEGF was higher in the patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas than that in those with adenomas,whereas that of PTEN mRNA was contrary.HIF-1 mRNA expression was correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis,liver metastasis,Duke’s stage and recurrence.During colorectal tumor progression,the expression of HIF-1 alpha mRNA was positively correlated with the VEGF protein expression (χ2= 4.751 ,P<0.05),but negatively with the PTEN mRNA expression(χ2=21.84,P<0.01).Conclusion The absence or low expression of PTEN and the increased levels of HIF-1α and VEGF may paly an important role in carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma.These results suggest that VEGF upregulated by HIF-1 alpha gene may be involved in angiogenesis of colorectal adenocarcinoma.4 refs,1 tab.

Upregulated DJ-1 Promotes Renal Tubular EMT by Suppressing Cytoplasmic PTEN Expression and Akt Activation

Recently,phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10（PTEN） is suggested as a new agent in the fighting against fibrogenesis.In tumor,DJ-1 is identified as a negative regulator of PTEN.But the expression of DJ-1 and the regulation of PTEN in fibrosis are unclear.Renal fibrosis was induced in 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy rat model.Human proximal tubular epithelial cells（HKC） were treated with transforming growth factor-beta 1（TGF-β1）,or transfected with DJ-1 or PTEN.Confocal microscope was used to investigate the localization of DJ-1 and PTEN.The selective phosphoinositide-3 kinase（PI3K） inhibitor,LY294002,was administered to inhibit PI3K pathway.The DJ-1 and PTEN expression,markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） and Akt phosphorylation were measured by RT-PCR,Western blotting or immunocytochemistry.In vitro,after HKC cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 72 h,the expression of DJ-1 was increased,and that of PTEN was decreased.In vivo,the same results were identified in 5/6-nephrectomized rats.In normal HKC cells,most of DJ-1 protein localized in cytoplasm,and little in nucleus.TGF-β1 upregulated DJ-1 expression in both cytoplasma and nuclei.In contrary,TGF-β1 emptied cytoplasmic PTEN protein into nucleus.Overexpression of DJ-1 decreased the expression of PTEN,promoted the activation of Akt and the expression of vimentin,and also led to the loss of cytoplasmic PTEN.Contrarily,overexpression of PTEN protected HKC cells from TGF-β1-induced EMT.In conclusion,DJ-1 is upregulated in renal fibrosis and DJ-1 mediates EMT by suppressing cytoplasmic PTEN expression and Akt activation.

MiR-106b-5p Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Apoptosis by Targeting Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome 10 in Vascular Endothelial Cells

Background： Apoptosis of endothelial cells （ECs） plays a key role in the development of atherosclerosis and there are also evidence indicated that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 （PTEN） is a viable target in therapeutic approaches to prevent vascular ECs apoptosis. Aberrant miR-106b-5p expression has been reported in the plasma of patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaques. However, the role and underlying mechanism of miR-106-5p in the genesis of atherosclerosis have not been addressed. In this study, we explored the anti-apoptotic role of miR-106-5p by regulating PTEN expression in vascular ECs. Methods： Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was performed to detect the expression levels of miR-106b-5p in human atherosclerotic plaques and normal vascular tissues. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVEC） were transfected with miR-106b-5p mimic or negative control mimic, and apoptosis was induced by serum starvation and tumor necrosis factor-α （TN F-α） treat. Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR experiments were used to detect PTEN expression levels and TN F-α-induced apoptosis was evaluated by the activation of caspase-3 and cell DNA fragmentation levels in HUVEC. Results： The expression ofmiR-106b-5p was significantly downregulated in plaques than in normal vascular tissues. TNF-α significantly downregulated miR-106b-5p expression levels and upregulated activation of caspase-3 and cell DNA fragmentation levels in HUVEC. Overexpression ofmiR-106b-5p with miR-106b-5p mimic inhibited PTEN expression and TNF-α-induced apoptosis in HUVEC. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-106b-5p binds to PTEN mRNA 3＇ untranslated region site, Conclusion： MiR-106b-5p could inhibit the expression of PTEN in vascular ECs, which could block TNF-α-induced activation of caspase-3, thus prevent ECs apoptosis in atherosclerosis diseases.

PTEN and Ki67 expression is associated with clinicopathologic features of non-small cell lung cancer

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10（PTEN） and the proliferating antigen Ki67 have been widely studied in several tumors.However,their role as indicator in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）remains unknown.Here,we investigated the expression of PTEN and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues and paired normal lung tissues to identify whether these proteins are associated with lung cancer development and survival.Immunohistochemistry for PTEN and Ki67 was performed on 67 lung cancer tissues and 41 paired adjacent normal lung tissues to detect the expression of these two proteins.The expression of PTEN in NSCLC tissues（32.8%） was significantly lower than that in normal tissues（82.9%,P 〈 0.05）.In contrast,the expression of Ki67 in NSCLC tissues（76.1%） was significantly higher than that in normal tissues（27.3%,P 〈 0.05）.Expression of both PTEN and Ki67 were strongly associated with tumor histology,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,differentiation and4-year postoperative survival rate（P 〈 0.05）.However,PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Ki67 expression（r =-0.279,P 〈 0.05）.In conclusion,low PTEN expression and Ki67 overexpression are associated with malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC.These proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC.

IL-37调控miR-106b-5p/PTEN抑制肾细胞癌细胞生物学行为

目的:探讨IL-37对肾细胞癌细胞生物学行为的影响和潜在机制。方法:RT-qPCR检测肾细胞癌组织中IL-37mRNA和miR-106b-5p表达。Western blot检测肾细胞癌组织中10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)蛋白表达。将肾细胞癌细胞786-0分为对照组、IL-37(10、50、100 ng/ml)组、anti-miR-NC组、anti-miR-106b-5p组、IL-37+miR-NC组、IL-37+miR-106b-5p组。采用MTT法、平板克隆实验、划痕愈合实验、流式细胞术检测786-0细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡能力。荧光素酶实验检测miR-106b-5p与PTEN的靶向关系。结果:肾细胞癌组织中miR-106b-5p表达量显著升高(P<0.05),IL-37 mRNA和PTEN蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,IL-37(10、50、100 ng/ml)组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离、miR-106b-5p表达显著降低(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。与anti-miR-NC组比较,anti-miR-106b-5p组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离显著降低(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。与IL-37+miR-NC组比较,IL-37+miR-106b-5p组细胞活力、集落形成数、迁移距离显著升高(P<0.05),凋亡率、PTEN蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05)。PTEN是miR-106b-5p的靶基因。结论:外源性IL-37可抑制肾细胞癌细胞的增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡,其抗肿瘤机制可能是通过抑制miR-106b-5p/PTEN途径发挥作用。

微RNA-132-3p靶向第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物调控葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖与凋亡

目的 研究微RNA(miR)-132-3p在葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖、凋亡中的作用及其作用机制。方法 该研究起止时间为2018年2月至2019年7月。定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测正常葡萄膜上皮细胞ARPE-19和葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞SP6.5、M23中miR-132-3p表达。SP6.5细胞中转染miR-132-3p干扰质粒(anti-miR-132-3p)、第10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)过表达质粒(pcDNA3.1-PTEN)或共转染anti-miR-132-3p和PTEN干扰质粒(si-PTEN),MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖与凋亡,蛋白质印迹法检测PTEN、细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)、周期素依赖激酶抑制剂p21(P21)、B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达,生物信息学预测结合双萤光素酶报告实验分析miR-132-3p与PTEN的靶向关系。结果 与ARPE-19细胞相比,SP6.5、M23细胞中miR-132-3p表达量(0.26±0.02比0.94±0.09、0.81±0.08)明显升高(P<0.05)。与anti-miR-132-3p阴性对照(anti-miR-NC)组相比,anti-miR-132-3p组24 h、48 h、72 h的细胞活性(0.51±0.05比0.30±0.03、0.97±0.09比0.45±0.05、1.40±0.14比0.76±0.07)、cyclin D1、Bcl-2蛋白表达量显著降低(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率[(8.03±0.68)%比(21.51±2.06)%]、P21、Bax水平明显提高(P<0.05),与过表达PTEN相同。miR-132-3p与PTEN之间有靶向调控关系。抑制PTEN能逆转抑制miR-132-3p对SP6.5细胞增殖的抑制作用及对细胞凋亡的促进作用。结论 miR-132-3p通过直接靶向PTEN调控葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞增殖与凋亡。

急性心肌梗死患者两种血清因子水平及临床意义

目的探讨Y染色体性别决定区相关高迁移率组盒蛋白6(SOX6)、第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)在急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血清中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2021年1月至2022年3月淄博市第一医院和淄博市中心医院收治的AMI患者100例为研究组,根据主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生情况将患者分为MACE组52例和非MACE组48例,选取同期于淄博市第一医院和淄博市中心医院进行健康体检的志愿者110例为对照组。检测血清PTEN和SOX6水平,用Pearson相关性分析AMI患者血清PTEN和SOX6与临床指标的相关性,用ROC曲线分析PTEN和SOX6水平对AMI及预后的诊断价值。结果与对照组比较,研究组血清SOX6 mRNA水平显著降低(0.69±0.14 vs 1.03±0.16,P<0.01),血清PTEN mRNA水平显著升高(1.56±0.15 vs 1.05±0.08,P<0.01)。与非MACE组比较,MACE组血清SOX6 mRNA水平显著降低(0.61±0.15 vs 0.78±0.13,P<0.01),血清PTEN mRNA水平显著升高(1.74±0.18 vs 1.37±0.12,P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析显示,AMI患者血清PTEN水平与cTnI、CK-MB、Gensini评分呈正相关,血清SOX6水平与cTnI、CK-MB、Gensini评分呈负相关(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清SOX6和PTEN联合诊断AMI的曲线下面积为0.932(95%CI:0.889~0.962),二者联合预测AMI患者发生MACE的曲线下面积为0.933(95%CI:0.866~0.974)。结论AMI患者血清中SOX6水平下调,PTEN水平上调,二者联合检测有助于诊断AMI及预测MACE。

人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因敲除促进小鼠动脉血管钙化的机制研究

目的研究人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10,PTEN)在小鼠动脉血管钙化形成过程中的作用。方法 1构建血管特异性PTEN敲除小鼠(PTEN△/△),对照组小鼠为PTENf/f;2免疫组化检测Apo E全敲除小鼠钙化血管中PTEN的表达水平;3体外通过钙化培养基诱导血管钙化;4Alizarin Red染色和Von Kossa染色评估PTEN敲除后小鼠血管钙化程度;5实时荧光定量PCR检测血管钙化标志物Runx2、骨钙蛋白和BMP2的表达水平。结果 1与普通饮食组相比,高脂饮食诱导的Apo E基因敲除小鼠血管钙化明显,而钙化后的血管中PTEN的表达水平显著下降(P<0.01);2经体外诱导后,PTEN△/△小鼠血管明显钙化,而PTENf/f小鼠血管几乎无钙化;3与PTENf/f组相比,PTEN△/△小鼠血管钙化标志物Runx2、骨钙蛋白和BMP2的表达均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论血管特异性PTEN基因敲除促进小鼠血管钙化的形成。

子宫内膜异位症患者血清微小RNA-92a相对表达水平、人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源的基因表达水平与预后的相关性

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症患者血清微小RNA-92a(miRNA-92a)相对表达水平、人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源的基因(PTEN)表达水平与预后的关系。方法选取200例行腹腔镜手术的子宫内膜异位症患者为研究组,120例行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤切除术的患者为对照组。采用荧光定量PCR技术检测两组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平和PTEN水平,采用Pearson法分析研究组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平与PTEN水平的相关性。术后随访3个月,根据子宫内膜异位症患者复发情况分为复发组和未复发组,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测两组患者血清雌二醇、孕酮、促卵泡激素(FSH)水平,比较两组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平及PTEN、雌二醇、孕酮、FSH水平,采用Pearson法分析复发组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平、PTEN水平与内分泌指标的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平、PTEN水平及二者联合检测预测子宫内膜异位症复发的价值。结果研究组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平高于对照组,PTEN水平低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者血清miRNA-92a的相对表达水平与PTEN水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。复发组患者血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平、雌二醇、孕酮、FSH水平均高于未复发组,PTEN水平低于未复发组(P<0.05)。Pearson分析结果显示,复发组患者血清miRNA-92a的相对表达水平与雌二醇、孕酮、FSH水平均呈正相关(均P<0.05),PTEN水平与雌二醇、孕酮、FSH水平均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平、PTEN水平预测子宫内膜异位症复发的曲线下面积分别为0.831(95%CI:0.785,0.870;P=0.025)、0.867(95%CI:0.824,0.902;P=0.024),最佳截断值分别为1.77 ng/mL、0.80 ng/mL,对应的灵敏度分别为85.00%、91.00%,特异度分别为77.50%、73.33%;二者联合检测的曲线下面积为0.965(95%CI:0.932,0.987;P=0.007),灵敏度和特异度分别为92.00%、90.71%。血清miRNA-92a相对表达水平、PTEN水平联合检测预测子宫内膜异位症复发的曲线下面积高于二者单独检测(P<0.05)。结论子宫内膜异位症患者血清miRNA-92a呈高表达,PTEN呈低表达,二者与患者内分泌指标水平相关,且对子宫内膜异位症复发均有一定的预测价值,可能共同影响子宫内膜异位症患者病情发展及预后。

Anti-miRNA-221 sensitizes human colorectal carcinoma cells to radiation by upregulating PTEN

AIM:To investigate the regulative effect of miRNA(miR)-221 on colorectal carcinoma(CRC)cell radiosensitivity and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:A human CRC-derived cell line was cultured conventionally and exposed to different doses of X-rays(0,2,4,6 and 8 Gy).The total RNA and protein of the cells were extracted 24 h after irradiation,and the alteration of miR-221 and phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN)gene mRNA expression was detected by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The protein alteration of PTEN in the cells was detected by Western blotting.Caco2 cells were pretreated with or without anti-PTEN-siRNA prior to the addition of premiR-221 or anti-miR-221 using Lipofectamine 2000.Colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to measure the surviving cell fraction and the sensitizing enhancement ratio after irradiation.Ad-ditionally,PTEN 3′-untranslated region fragment was PCR amplified and inserted into a luciferase reporter plasmid.The luciferase reporter plasmid construct was then transfected into CRC cells together with premiR-221 or anti-miR-221,and the luciferase activity in the transfected cells was detected.RESULTS:The X-ray radiation dose had a significant effect on the expression of miR-221 and PTEN protein in human Caco2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.The miR-221 expression level improved gradually with the increase in irradiation dose,while the PTEN protein expression level reduced gradually.miR-221 expression was significantly reduced in the anti-miR-221 group compared with the pre-miR-221 and negative control groups(P<0.01).Anti-miR-221 upregulated expression of PTEN protein and enhanced the radiosensitivity of Caco2 cells(P<0.01).Moreover,the inhibitory effect was dramatically abolished by pretreatment with anti-PTEN-siRNA,suggesting that the enhancement of radiosensitivity was indeed mediated by PTEN.A significant increase of luciferase activity was detected in CRC cells that were cotransfected with the luciferase reporter plasmid construct and anti-miR-221(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Anti-miR-221 can enhance the radiosensitivity of CRC cells by upregulating PTEN.

Curcumin cytotoxicity is enhanced by PTEN disruption in colorectal cancer cells

AIM:To investigate the effects of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) deficiency on the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents toward colorectal cancer cells.METHODS:PTEN-deficient colorectal cancer(CRC) cells were generated by human somatic cell gene targeting using the adeno-associated virus system. The cytotoxic effects of compounds including curcumin,5-fluorouracil(5-FU),dihydroartemisinin(DHA),irinotecan(CPT-11)and oxaliplatin(OXA) on cancer cells were determined using the MTT assay. Enhanced cytotoxicity of curcumin in PTEN-deficient CRC cells was observed,and this was confirmed using clonogenic assays. Apoptosis and cell cycle progression were analyzed by flow cytometry.Levels of apoptosis and cell cycle-related proteins were examined by Western blotting.RESULTS:We developed an isogenic set of CRC cell lines that differed only in their PTEN status. Using this set of cell lines,we found that disruption of the PTEN gene had no effect on the sensitivity of CRC cells to5-FU,CPT-11,DHA,or OXA,whereas PTEN disruption increased the sensitivity of CRC cells to curcumin. Loss of PTEN did not alter the curcumin-induced apoptosis in CRC cells. However,PTEN deficiency led to an altered pattern of curcumin-mediated cell cycle arrest.In HCT116 PTEN+/+cells,curcumin caused a G2/M phase arrest,whereas it caused a G0/G1 phase arrest in HCT116 PTEN-/-cells. Levels of cell cycle-related proteins were consistent with these respective patterns of cell cycle arrest.CONCLUSION:Curcumin shows enhanced cytotoxicity toward PTEN-deficient cancer cells,suggesting that it might be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for cancers harboring PTEN mutations.

第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因多态性与脑膜瘤易感性关联研究

目的研究中国人群中第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因(PTEN)单核苷酸多态性与脑膜瘤发病风险的关系。方法选取2017年10月—2018年1月在北京天坛医院神经外科手术治疗的200例脑膜瘤患者为研究对象,应用SNaPshot基因分型技术对PTEN基因多态位点rs2735343、rs701848和rs1234214检测,分析PTEN基因多态性与脑膜瘤的易感性。结果PTEN基因多态位点rs2735343、rs701848和rs1234214基因频率在脑膜瘤组和对照组基因型和等位基因频率分布无差异(P>0.05)。单体型分析结果显示CTC单体型频率在脑膜瘤组和对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),CTC单体型携带者发生脑膜瘤的风险增加(OR=1.366,95%CI=1.034~1.805,P=0.028)。结论PTEN基因多态性可能与脑膜瘤发病无关联,但PTEN基因rs2735343、rs701848和rs1234214构成的CTC单体型可能是中国人群脑膜瘤发病的危险因素。

子宫内膜癌患者血清人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因及胸苷激酶1水平与预后的相关性分析

目的分析人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源基因(PTEN)及胸苷激酶1(TK1)与子宫内膜癌患者预后的相关性。方法选取中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九二一医院及湖南省张家界市人民医院2010年1月至2015年1月诊治的子宫内膜癌患者90例为子宫内膜癌组;选取同期女性健康体检者88例为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测不同临床分期(临床Ⅰ~Ⅳ期)和不同病理分级(G1级、G2级和G3级)子宫内膜癌患者血清中PTEN及TK1表达水平,并分析PTEN及TK1表达水平与患者预后的相关性。结果子宫内膜癌组PTEN/β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)水平明显低于对照组[(0.38±0.08)比(0.55±0.15)],TK1/β-actin水平明显高于对照组[(0.31±0.05)比(0.18±0.03)](均P <0.05)。子宫内膜癌临床Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者PTEN/β-actin水平明显低于Ⅰ期患者,TK1/β-actin水平明显高于Ⅰ期患者(均P <0.05)。子宫内膜癌病理分级G3级患者PTEN/β-actin水平明显低于G1级患者,TK1/β-actin水平明显高于G1级患者(均P <0.05)。随着PTEN表达的减弱及TK1表达的增强,患者的预后生存率明显降低(均P <0.05)。结论血清PTEN及TK1水平与子宫内膜癌患者的临床分期及病理分级密切相关,TK1水平越高、PTEN水平越低,患者的预后越差。

蓝萼甲素对宫颈癌C33A细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及机制

目的 探讨蓝萼甲素(GLA)对宫颈癌C33A细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及其机制。方法 将对数生长期宫颈癌C33A细胞随机分为阴性对照组、5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,阴性对照组细胞不加任何药物干预,5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞分别加入终浓度为5、10、20、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA进行干预。分别于培养24、48、72 h时,采用3,3′-[1-(苯氨酰基)-3,4-四氮唑]-二(4-甲氧基-6-硝基)苯磺酸钠法检测5组细胞的增殖抑制率;于培养48 h时,采用流式细胞术检测阴性对照组、5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞凋亡率,Western blot法检测阴性对照组、5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞中磷酸化B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因相关启动子(p-BAD)和10号染色体缺失与张力蛋白同源磷酸酶(PTEN)蛋白相对表达量。结果 培养24、48、72 h时,5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于阴性对照组,10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,40μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组(P<0.05)。不同浓度GLA组细胞培养48、72 h时的增殖抑制率显著高于培养24 h时,培养72 h时的增殖抑制率显著高于培养48 h时(P<0.05)。5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞凋亡率显著高于阴性对照组,10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞凋亡率显著高于5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞凋亡率显著高于10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组(P<0.05)。5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞中p-BAD蛋白相对表达量显著低于阴性对照组,PTEN蛋白相对表达量显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05);10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组、20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞中p-BAD蛋白相对表达量显著低于5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,PTEN蛋白相对表达量显著高于5μmol·L^(-1)GLA组(P<0.05);20μmol·L^(-1)GLA组细胞中p-BAD蛋白相对表达量显著低于10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组,PTEN蛋白相对表达量显著高于10μmol·L^(-1)GLA组(P<0.05)。结论 GLA可通过上调PTEN蛋白、降低p-BAD的表达,抑制C33A细胞增殖,促进C33A细胞凋亡,且呈剂量依赖性。

高脂血症性急性胰腺炎患者血清miR-372、PTEN水平变化及其意义

目的探讨高脂血症性急性胰腺炎(HLAP)患者血清微小RNA-372(miR-372)、第10号染色体上缺失的磷酸酶和紧张素同源物(PTEN)水平变化及其意义。方法选取150例HLAP患者为HLAP组,根据病情严重程度将HLAP患者分为轻症组(n=41)、中度重症组(n=43)、重症组(n=66),根据预后分为死亡组(n=34)和存活组(n=116);同期另选取62名体检者为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清miR-372,酶联免疫吸附法检测PTEN。Pear-son相关法分析HLAP患者血清miR-372与PTEN水平的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析HLAP患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征曲线分析血清miR-372、PTEN水平对HLAP患者预后的预测价值。结果HLAP组血清miR-372水平高于对照组,PTEN水平低于对照组(P均<0.05)。轻症组、中度重症组、重症组血清miR-372水平依次升高,PTEN水平依次降低(P均<0.05)。HLAP患者血清miR-372与PTEN水平呈负相关(r=-0.729,P<0.05)。重症HLAP、住ICU时间长和C反应蛋白、miR-372水平升高为HLAP患者预后不良的独立危险因素,PTEN升高为独立保护因素[OR(95%CI)分别为4.208(1.424~12.432)、1.724(1.243~2.390)、1.030(1.010~1.050)、1.672(1.271~2.200)、0.936(0.904~0.969)]。血清miR-372、PTEN水平联合预测HLAP患者预后的曲线下面积大于二者单独预测(P均<0.05)。结论HLAP患者血清miR-372水平升高、PTEN水平降低,二者与病情严重程度和预后有关,可作为HLAP患者预后不良的预测指标。

miR-21通过PTEN/AKT/TFEB通路对心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠心肌纤维化的影响

目的:探讨microRNA-21(miR-21)对心肌梗死诱导的心力衰竭大鼠心肌纤维化的影响机制。方法:SD大鼠采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支法建立心肌梗死模型,造模成功后分为模型组、重组腺相关病毒血清型9(rAAV9)-NC组、rAAV9-anti-miR-21组、rAAV9-anti-miR-21+BpV组,每组12只;另取12只大鼠作为假手术组。rAAV9-anti-miR-21组、rAAV9-NC组分别尾静脉注射含miR-21 antagomir及其阴性对照的腺病毒进行干预,rAAV9-anti-miR-21+BpV组大鼠尾静脉注射rAAV9-anti-miR-21的同时以0.2 mg/kg腹腔注射磷酸酶-张力蛋白同源物基因(PTEN)抑制剂BpV,假手术组和模型组经腹腔和尾静脉注射等体积的生理盐水,每日1次,连续干预2周。经胸超声心动图检测大鼠左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)和左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD),并计算左心室射血分数(LVEF)和短轴缩短分数(FS);酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清氨基末端脑钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平;取左心室并称重,计算左心室质量指数(LVMI);马松(Masson)染色观察心肌组织病理变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)检测左心室组织miR-21、PTEN、CollagenⅠ和CollagenⅢ表达水平;透射电子显微镜观察心肌组织自噬情况;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测左心室组织自噬和PTEN/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/转录因子EB(TFEB)通路相关蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠LVEDD、LVESD、血清NT-proBNP水平、LVMI、心肌胶原体积分数(CVF)、miR-21和CollagenⅠ、CollagenⅢ的mRNA水平以及p62蛋白水平、p-AKT/AKT比值升高,LVEF、FS、PTEN的mRNA和蛋白水平、自噬空泡的数量以及LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、Beclin-1、TFEB蛋白水平下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,rAAV9-anti-miR-21组大鼠LVEDD、LVESD、血清NT-proBNP水平、LVMI、CVF、miR-21和CollagenⅠ、CollagenⅢ的mRNA水平、p62蛋白水平、p-AKT/AKT比值下降,LVEF、FS、PTEN的mRNA和蛋白水平、自噬空泡的数量以及LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、Beclin-1、TFEB蛋白水平升高(P<0.05);而敲低miR-21基础上应用PTEN抑制剂下调PTEN表达可降低自噬,减弱敲低miR-21对心力衰竭大鼠心肌纤维化的抑制作用。结论:miR-21在心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠模型中的高表达可能通过下调PTEN、激活AKT、抑制TFEB的核易位,进而抑制自噬,促进心肌纤维化。

PTEN基因转染对粘液表皮样癌细胞系M_3SP_2增殖的抑制作用

目的 :观察外源磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物 (PTEN)抑癌基因对高转移性粘液表皮样癌细胞系M3 SP2 体外生长的影响。方法 :应用脂质体介导方法将野生型PTEN基因导入M3 SP2 细胞 ,通过活细胞观察、细胞生长曲线、分裂指数和克隆形成率了解细胞生长状态。结果 :与亲本细胞比较 ,PTEN基因转染细胞数量减少、排列松散 ,部分细胞发生变性或崩解 ;细胞生长缓慢 ,分裂指数显著减至 16 2‰ (P <0 0 1) ,细胞群体倍增时间明显延长 (31 74h) ,细胞生长抑制率达 5 7 0 5 %～ 71 46 % (P <0 0 0 1) ;细胞克隆形成率为 10 40 %～ 14 93% ,克隆形成抑制率高达 6 5 %～ 72 %(P <0 0 1)。结论 :外源野生型PTEN抑癌基因能显著抑制高转移性粘液表皮样癌细胞系M3 SP2

PTEN蛋白缺失与中国前列腺癌患者根治术后生化复发风险关系的研究

背景与目的:张力蛋白同源第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10,PTEN)缺失是西方国家前列腺癌中最常见的基因异常之一,与肿瘤的进展、预后均有一定相关性。鉴于前列腺癌的异质性,不同地区、人群间其基因表达谱存在广泛差异,本研究主要探讨PTEN蛋白缺失在中国前列腺癌患者中的发生率以及与生化复发的相关性。方法:选取2006—2011年225例局限性前列腺癌并采取根治切除术的患者为研究对象,回顾性收集所有患者的临床病理资料,包括确诊时年龄、血清前列腺特异性抗原(prostate-specific antigen,PSA)值、Gleason分级评分、TNM分期、手术切缘和术后生化复发与否及时间。将225例局限性前列腺癌根治切除标本的肿瘤组织及癌旁组织制成组织芯片(tissue microarray,TMA),采用免疫组织化学技术检测PTEN蛋白在肿瘤及癌旁组织中的表达。采用χ2检验分析前列腺癌组织中PTEN蛋白缺失与患者临床病理特征的相关性。运用Kaplan-Meier生存分析模型、Cox比例风险模型分析PTEN蛋白缺失及患者临床病理特征与生化复发的关系。结果:前列腺癌患者中PTEN蛋白缺失率为15%(33/217),且存在PTEN蛋白缺失的前列腺癌患者其确诊时血清PSA值(P=0.030)及年龄(P=0.009)要显著高于PTEN表达的前列腺癌患者。单因素生存分析显示,PTEN表达情况(P=0.013 1)、确诊时血清PSA值(P=0.000 4)和Gleason分级评分(P=0.019 8)与前列腺癌患者的生化复发相关。Cox多因素分析结果表明,PTEN蛋白表达情况(HR=0.536,P=0.044)、确诊时血清PSA值(HR=1.879,P=0.001)和Gleason分级评分(HR=1.361,P=0.030)为前列腺癌患者生化复发的独立预后因素。结论:PTEN蛋白表达情况是局限性前列腺癌患者根治术后生化复发的独立预后因素,检测PTEN蛋白有望改善根治术后前列腺癌患者的管理及指导进一步治疗。

PTEN/PI3K在小鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤中的调控作用及机制

目的:研究第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因(phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)/磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphoinositide 3-kinase,PI3K)在肝缺血再灌注损伤中的调控作用及可能的机制.方法:夹闭C57BL/6J小鼠的肝动脉和门静脉以阻断肝脏向头侧肝叶血供90 min,随后取下血管夹恢复血供,建立肝缺血再灌注损伤模型.实验分为四组:正常对照组(sham)、缺血再灌注模型组(IR)、PTEN抑制剂bpv(HOpic)干预组(BPV+IR)、PI3K抑制剂wortmannin干预组(WM+IR).检测小鼠血清ALT水平,行肝组织病理检查,以评估抑制PTEN/PI3K对肝脏IRI的影响.采用Western blot法检测p-AKT、p-GSK3β的表达,分析抑制PTEN/PI3K对其下游关键效应分子AKT/GSK3β磷酸化的调控.采用定量PCR法检测炎性因子IL-12p40、IL-10及TNF-α的基因表达,分析抑制PTEN/PI3K对TLR4介导的炎症反应的影响.结果:血清ALT及肝组织学改变均提示,抑制PTEN使IR诱导的肝损害明显减轻,相反,抑制PI3K则使IRI加剧.随着再灌注的发生,缺血期去磷酸化的AKT/GSK3β逐渐恢复其磷酸化活性.抑制PTEN增强了再灌注触发的AKT/GSK3β磷酸化,而阻断PI3K则使其明显削弱.阻断PTEN抑制了促炎基因IL-12p40、TNF-α的表达,并使IL-12/IL-10比值下调,该结果与抑制PI3K产生的效应完全相反.结论:PTEN/PI3K在肝缺血再灌注损伤中发挥重要的调控作用,PTEN抑制和/或PI3K活化可能通过上调p-AKT/p-GSK3β以及抑制炎症反应明显减轻肝缺血再灌注损伤.