Numerical simulation of high voltage electric pulse comminution of phosphate ore

Numerical simulation of the electrical field distribution helps in-depth understanding of the mechanisms behind the responses and the benefits of the high voltage pulse comminution. The COMSOL Multiphysics package was used to numerically simulate the effect of ore compositions in this study. Regarding phosphate ore particles shape and composition, the effects of mineral composition, particle size, particle shape and electrodes distance were investigated on the electrical field intensity and distribution. The results show that the induced electrical field is significantly dependent on the electrical properties of minerals,the feed particle size and the location of conductive minerals in ores. The angle of material contact surface with the discharge electrode is also an important factor in the intensity of electrical field. Moreover,it is found that the specific liberation effect at the disintegration of phosphate ore by electrical pulses is due to the locality of the electrical field at the interface of mineral components of the phosphate ore aggregates with different permittivities. However, the intensity of the electrical field increases with sharpening the contact angle. Besides, the electrical discharge in the samples is converted to the electrohydraulic discharge across the surrounding water by changing the distance between the discharge electrode and sample surface.

Rare earth extraction from wet process phosphoric acid by emulsion liquid membrane

The recovery of rare earths （RE） during the wet processing of phosphoric acid is very important, the method of emul- sion liquid membrane （ELM） with di（2-ethylhexly） phosphate （D2EHPA） as carrier has the high selectivity while cannot provide a satisfactory extraction rate. Here novel method of emulsion liquid membrane （ELM） using Aniline as carrier to extract RE from the feed solution was proposed. The method could increase the extraction rate of RE in the real sample to 93%. The effects of dif- ferent parameters such as type and concentration of carrier and surfactant, hydrochloric acid concentration, organic to internal phase volume ratio, membrane to external phase volume ratio on extraction of RE3＋ were investigated. Quantitative extraction （〉93%） of RE3＋ was observed with 6 vol.% Aniline and 4 vol.% T 154 liquid membrane at external to internal phase volume ratio of 10 for the feed solution. The proposed method of ELM using Aniline as carrier can be expected to provide a practical, efficient, and economical method for extracting RE from phosphate leach solution with high acidity in the industry of wet process phosphoric acid.

ammonium salt as a collector and its adsorption mechanism

A novel quaternary ammonium salt collector,LH-01,was employed for the reverse cationic flotation of a magnesium-depleted concentrate(P2O5 grade of 19.72wt%,SiO2 content of 44.26wt%).We achieved an outstanding phosphate concentrate with a P2O5 grade of 35.16wt%,a SiO2 content of 6.06wt%,and a P2O5 recovery of 75.88%.This process was accomplished through two sequential reverse cationic flotation processes designed for quartz removal.Importantly,the quartz removal by LH-01 reached 94.17%,far superior to that by dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride,achieving highly selective separation of quartz and apatite.To understand the adsorption mechanism and kinetics of the collector LH-01 on quartz and apatite surfaces,various techniques,such as quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation,atomic force microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,were employed.Results revealed that the adsorption layer of LH-01 on the apatite surface was thin and rigid,with a significantly lower hydrophobic effect than that of the viscoelastic multiple adsorption layer formed by LH-01 on the quartz surface.This disparity was identified as the primary factor contributing to the selective flotation separation of apatite and quartz.Moreover,the adsorption of LH-01 on the quartz surface was the result of multiple forces,including electrostatic adsorption,multiple-hydrogen-bond adsorption,and intermolecular hydrophobic association.