Magnetic circular dichroism of photosystem Ⅱ reaction center complex

IN recent years,magnetic circular dichroism(MCD)demonstrated its unique advantages inanalysis of metal porphyrin and its interaction with protein.However,there were few re-ports about the application of MCD method in photosynthesis field.It is known that most pig-ments in PS Ⅱ-RC are metal porphyrin type.This note reports the MCD spectrum of PS Ⅱ-

高等植物光系统Ⅱ反应中心的亚纳秒时间分辨荧光光谱的测量

高等植物光系统Ⅱ是光合作用中的一个非常重要的单元，它是与裂解水放氧相关的功能结构，光系统Ⅱ反应中心是进行光化学反应的场所，在其内部发生的光能的吸收、激发态的传递、电荷的分离重组以及迁移等等过程，都是在非常短的时间里发生的，其时间尺度在１０￣（－１５）～１０￣（－７）ｓ之间，本文建立了亚纳秒时间分辨荧光光谱测量装置，并对菠菜光系统Ⅱ反应中心蛋白复合体Ｄ１／Ｄ２／ｃｙｔｂ─５５９，在不同波长激发下的时间分辨荧光光谱进行了测量，经过解卷积和多指数数据拟合，获得４个寿命组分，并对结果进行了分析讨论，指出在不同的激发波长激发下的荧光衰减曲线的差异可能源于被激发的组分不同和能量传递路径的不同。

PSⅡ反应中心D1蛋白的小肽抗体的制备和鉴定

用人工合成的PSⅡ反应中心D1蛋白中 ( 2 2 9～ 2 4 0 )的 1 2肽 ,与牛血清白蛋白偶联后做为抗原免疫家兔 ,获得抗菠菜D1蛋白抗体 .免疫双扩散法测得其具较高的效价 ,蛋白印迹检测结果显示该抗体仅与D1蛋白有免疫亲和反应 .

光系统Ⅱ反应中心D1/D2/Cytb559复合物中去镁叶绿素a的光照破坏

Photodamage of some pigments in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ (PS Ⅱ) reaction center D1/D2/Cyt b559 complex from spinach has been investigated by means of high performance liquid chromatography. The light induced damage of pheophytin a (pheo a) in the complex was observed for the first time. The content of pheo a decreased about 47% by illumination, suggesting only one of the two pheo a molecules in the PSⅡ reaction center complex was damaged. No damage of β carotene was found.

光系统Ⅱ反应中心D1/D2/Cytb559复合物中存在一个与光化学活性无关的去镁叶绿素a

Photodamage of pheophytin a (pheo a) in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) reaction center D1/D2/Cyt b559 complex from spinach has been investigated by high performance liquid chromatographic method in detail. The results showed that: (1) There is one pheo a molecule which is not associated with the primary photochemistry in the PSⅡ reaction center complex. It may be considered that there are two different electron transfer branches in the PSⅡ reaction center just as in the purple bacterium photosynthetic reaction center. (2) The damaged pheo a may be attributed to the one bonding to the D2 protein comparing the D2 subunit in the PSⅡ reaction center with M subunit in the purple bacterium photosynthetic reaction center. (3) A possible arrangement model of redox cofactors in the PSⅡ reaction center was proposed based on our experiment.

光系统Ⅱ反应中心 D_1/D_2/cyt b559复合物的组氨酸残基的光照破坏

高等植物在强光照射下光合作用受到抑制。现已普遍认为,光抑制的原初部位是光系统Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ)的反应中心。无论在整个叶片,还是在类囊体膜以及 PS Ⅱ颗粒、放氧颗粒中均能发现光破坏现象。但是,由于在这些颗粒中有许多与光破坏不直接相关的色素和蛋白分子,因此很难确定具体哪个分子受到破坏。而以只含有少数色素和多肽分子的 PSⅡ反应中心 D_1/D_2/cyt b599复合物为材料可以克服这个困难。该反应中心复合物的获得大大推动了光破坏机理的研究。现已证明,D_1/D_2/cyt b559复合物对光照十分敏感,光照可引起原初电子供体 P680的破坏。

采用选择激发研究光系统Ⅱ反应中心β-Car的物理特性(英文)

光系统Ⅱ反应中心包含有 2个去镁叶绿素分子 (Pheo) ,2个 β胡萝卜素分子 (β Car)和 6个叶绿素a分子 (Chla) 对反应中心的时间分辨荧光光谱表明 ,两个β Car具有不同的吸收光谱 ,吸收峰分别为 4 89nm(Car4 89)和 5 0 7nm(Car5 0 7) ,Car4 89靠近吸收峰为 6 6 7nm和 6 75nm的叶绿素a(Chla) ,它的主要功能是保护反应中心免受单态氧的破坏 ,而不能将激发能传递给光化学反应活性的色素分子P6 80 ;Car5 0 7靠近吸收峰为 6 6 9nm的Chla分子 ;能够将激发能传递给P6 80 ,进行电荷分离 采用全局优化拟合的方法对荧光光谱进行处理 ,Car4 89在 6 1ps时间内将能量传递给Chla6 72 ,随后传给Chla6 77,处于激发态的Chla6 77在 3ns衰减到基态 ;Car5 0 7在 2 74ps时间内将能量传递给P6 80 ,P6 80 + Pheo- 的电荷重组发生在 3.8ns和

菠菜叶绿体光系统Ⅱ反应中心D1／D2／cyt b559长寿命荧光组分的来源

通过多频相位调制法测得菠菜叶绿体光系统Ⅱ（ＰＳⅡ）反应中心Ｄ１／Ｄ２／ｃｙｔｂ５５９复合物的荧光衰减包括４个组分，其寿命分别大约为１、６、２４和７３ｎｓ，所占整个荧光的比例依次为５％、３４％、３５％和２６％。而寿命为６ｎｓ的组分来源于与电荷分离不相关的ｃｈｌａ分子，寿命为１ｎｓ的组分所占的比例很小，其来源不清楚。其中两个长寿命组分都与样品的光化学活性相关，但彼此又是不相关的，很可能来源于电荷分离后的两个不同的重组过程。

Photodamage to Pigment in the Photosystem Ⅱ Reaction Center D1/D2/Cytochrome b559 Complex

Strong light （800μmol photons/m^2 per s）-induced bleaching of the pigment in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ reaction center （PSII RC） under aerobic conditions （in the absence of electron donors or acceptors） was studied using high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）, absorption spectra, 77K fluorescence spectra and resonance Raman spectra. Changes in pigment composition of the PSII RC as determined by HPLC after light treatment were as follows： with Increasing illumination time chlorophyll （Chl） a and β-carotene （β-car） content decreased. However, decreases in pheophytin （Pheo） could not be observed because of the mixture of the Pheo formed by degraded chlorophyll possibly. On the basis of absorption spectra, it was determined that, with a short time of illuminatlon, the initial bleaching occurred maximally at 680 nm but that with Increasing Illumination time there was a blue shift to 678 nm. It was suggested that P680 was destroyed Initially, followed by the accessory chlorophyll. The activity of P680 was almost lost after 10 mln light treatment. Moreover, the bleaching of Pheo and β-car was observed at the beginning of illumination. After Illumination, the fluorescence emission Intensity changed and the fluorescence maximum blue shifted, showing that energy transfer was disturbed. Resonance Raman spectra of the PSII RC excited at 488.0 and 514.5 nm showed four main bands, peaking at 1 527 cm^-1 （υ101）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 006 cm^-1 （υ3）, 966 cm^-1 （υ4） for 488.0 nm excitation and 1 525 cm^-1 （υ1）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 007 cm^-1 （υ3）, 968 cm^-1 （υ4） for 514.5 nm excitation. It was confirmed that two spectroscopically different β-car molecules exist In the PSII RC. After light treatment for 20 mln, band positions and bandwidths were unchanged. This indicates that carotenoid configuration Is not the parameter that regulates photoprotectlon in the PSII RC.

Reconstitution of Photosystem Ⅱ Reaction Center with Cu-ChlorophyⅡ a

An Isolated photosystem （PS） II reaction center （RC） with altered pigment content was obtained by chemical exchange of native chlorophyll a （Chl） with externally added Cu-Chl a （Cu-Chl）. Pigment composition and spectroscopic properties of the RC exchanged with Cu-Chl were compared with native RC and RC treated with Chl In the same way. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed approximately 0.5 Cu-Chl per two pheophytln in the Cu-Chl-reconstltuted RC preparation. Insertion of Cu-Chl resulted in a decrease In absorption at 670 nm and an Increase at 660 nm, suggesting that the peripheral Chl may have been displaced. Fluorescence emission spectra of the Cu-Chl-reconstituted RC displayed a marked decrease In fluorescence yield and a blue shift of the band maximum, accompanied by the appearance of a broad peak at a shorter wavelength, Indicating that energy transfer In the modified RC was disturbed by Cu-Chl, a quencher of the excited state. However, there were few differences in the circular dichrolsm （CD） spectra, suggesting that the arrangement of pigments and proteins responsible for the CD signal was not significantly affected. In addition, no obvious change In peptlde components was found after the exchange procedure.

自然和人工光合作用水裂解催化剂

近年生物光合作用水裂解催化中心的结构研究取得重要进展,为人工模拟光合作用水裂解研究提供了理想的蓝图。人工模拟生物水裂解催化中心、制备高效和廉价的人工水裂解催化剂、获得电能和(或)氢能被认为是解决人类所面临的能源危机和环境污染问题的理想途径。这方面的研究具有重要科学意义和应用价值,同时也是广受关注的重大科学前沿。本文对最近生物水裂解催化中心和其人工模拟研究进展进行了评述。

造纸废水灌溉下芦苇叶片重金属含量对叶绿素荧光参数的影响

以辽河口建群种芦苇(Phragmites australis)为供试材料,采用小试装置研究在化学需氧量(CODCr)浓度分别为50、175和300 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉条件下芦苇叶片中重金属Cr^(6+)、Zn^(2+)和Cu^(2+)含量和叶绿素荧光参数(F_v/F_m和F_v/F_o)的变化特征,探讨芦苇荧光参数对废水灌溉的响应机制。结果表明,造纸废水灌溉对芦苇叶片中Cr^(6+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)含量影响显著(P<0.05),最大累计值分别是对照组相应重金属离子的2.80、3.66和3.86倍,且CODCr浓度越大重金属含量越高。3种重金属在不同生育期芦苇叶片中的积累存在差异,Cr^(6+)和Zn^(2+)主要在成熟期积累,Cu^(2+)主要在快速生长期积累。CODCr为50和175 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉提高了芦苇叶片光系统Ⅱ反应中心转换效率(F_v/F_m)和潜在活性(F_v/F_o),而CODCr为300 mg·L-1的造纸废水灌溉下,相应叶绿素荧光参数分别降低了8.19%和24.94%,表明光系统Ⅱ功能受到抑制。叶绿素荧光参数对3种重金属表现出不同响应机制,F_v/F_o和F_v/F_m值随Cr^(6+)和Zn^(2+)含量升高而减小,随Cu^(2+)含量升高而增大,其中F_v/F_m与重金属Cr^(6+)含量呈显著性负相关,F_v/F_o与Cu^(2+)含量呈显著性正相关。