Au/FeO_x-TiO_2 as an efficient catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of phthalic anhydride to phthalide

Au/FeOx-TiO2,prepared by deposition-precipitation method,is an efficient and stable catalyst for the liquid phase selective hydrogenation of phthalic anhydride to phthalide under mild reaction conditions.

Investigation of Mechanisms About Effects of Promoters P_2O_5,K_2O and A1_2O_3 on Oxidation of o-Xylene to Phthalic Anhydride

We succeeded in designing an effective catalyst, V2O5-P2O5-K2O/Al2O3. SiO2, by which a high yield of PA,105wt% can be gained in middle-sized industrial fluidized bed apparatus without addition of any promoting gas.The mechanisms of effects of P2O5, K2O and Al2O3 on the surface properties of V2O5 were investigated by means of TPD and XRD. And the selectivity of oxidation are explained.Addition of a great deal of P2O5 restrains the activity of donating surface oxygen from V2O5, but increases the number of sites which donate surface oxygen. Addition of K2O promotes donation of surface oxygen from V2O6, and decreases the number of sites of donating oxygen, on the other hand, addition of K|O makes the surface structure of V2O5 catalysts more stable. Coating a small amount of Al2O2 onto support, SiO2, restrains the activity of donating oxygen and increases the number of sites of donating surface oxygen from V2O5.

Synthesis of tetrahydro-β-carbolines from phthalic anhydrides and tryptamine

Tetrahydro-b-carbolines with strictosamide skeleton have been synthesized via intermolecular condensation, selective reduction, and intramolecular cyclization starting from phthalic anhydrides and tryptamine. The reactions are carried out under mild conditions with a wide range of substrates and functional groups.

Preparation of VPO Catalysts and Effect of Zirconium Promoter on the Selective Oxidation of Pentane

This study focuses on the effects of reducing solvents used in the preparation of vanadyl pyrophosphate （VPO）, and ZrO2 and （ZrO）2P2O7 promoters on the structure and catalytic performance of VPO catalysts. The VPO catalysts were prepared by the following steps： 1） Formation of vanadium phosphate by the reaction of V2O5 and H3PO4, 2） Synthesis of VPO precursor through the reduction of vanadium phosphate by reducing solvents, and 3） Activation of the precursor. For Zr promoted VPO, Zr was added to the precursor before activation. The P/V atomic ratios of different VPO catalysts, which were prepared by using different reducing solvents, were different. The precursor prepared by using isobutanol or isobutanol-benzyl alcohol contained VO（H2PO4）2 and VOHPO4·0.5H2O. The precursor prepared by using hexanol also contained VO（H2PO4）2 and VOHPO4·0.5H2O crystal phases, but the amount of VOHPO4·0.5H2O was much less than that of VO（H2PO4）2. After activation, all the VPO catalysts, prepared by using different reducing solvents, contained only the （VO）2P2O7 crystal phase. The VPO prepared by using isobutanol-petroleum ether as reducing solvent was the most active, while the VPO prepared by using hexanol had the lowest activity. Nevertheless, their total selectivity to phthalic and maleic anhydrides was almost the same. Both ZrO2 and （ZrO）2P2O7 promoters increased the activity and selectivity of VPO, but ZrO2 promoter increased the activity of VPO more drastically than （ZrO）2P2O7 promoter.