Extraction,Purification,and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Steroid Fraction from Physalis Alkekengi L.Var.Franchetii(Mast.)Makino

Objective: As a traditional medicinal plant listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii(Mast.) Makino(PAF) has a long medicinal history and high economic value. PAF has immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat acute lung injury and eczema.The aim of this study is to solve the problems of extraction and purification of active components from PAF. Materials and Methods: The solvent to be used for extraction and its concentration, the solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction duration were investigated using a single-factor experiment.An orthogonal design(L_(9)[3^(4)]) was used to determine the optimum extraction conditions. After optimization, the sample’s concentrations and flow velocity, the eluents and their velocity, adsorption time, and the removed water volume were measured. The content of the five steroids in the sample was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). We also investigated the anti-inflammatory property of PAF calyxes before and after purification. Results: The optimum extraction and purification processes were determined by single-factor analysis.AB-8 was identified as the best macroporous adsorption resin for enrichment. After optimization, the average total steroid content was 71.83%,and the average recovery was 90% after purification. Among the five steroid components detected by HPLC, physalin F showed the highest content. Furthermore, the sample obtained after purification could significantly inhibit paw edema by egg whites induced. Conclusions: An environmentally-sustainable, efficient, and stable process was first optimized for enriching and purifying total steroids from PAF. The process has the potential for further development and utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.

Optimization of Polysaccharides Extraction from Physalis alkekengi L.Peel and Its Effect on the Expression of Inflammation-Related Proteins in SW620 Cells

Objective:To establish an optimized aqueous extraction process for polysaccharides from Physalis alkekengi L.peel and to preliminarily explore its in vitro anti-inflammatory activity against colorectal cancer SW620 cells.Methods:A single-factor test combined with orthogonal test analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the material-to-liquid ratio,extraction temperature,and extraction time on the yield of polysaccharides from Physalis alkekengi L.peel.The antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides was assessed by analyzing their free radical scavenging ability in vitro,and the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using SW620 cells.Results:The optimal extraction conditions were a material-to-liquid ratio of m(g):V(mL)=1:30,an extraction temperature of 100℃,and an extraction time of 40 minutes,with a predicted polysaccharide yield of 25.7%.The polysaccharides from Physalis peruviana peel effectively scavenged DPPH,superoxide anion,and hydroxyl radicals.After treatment with Physalis peruviana polysaccharides,the levels of IL-1β,IL-18,and TNF-αin the cell culture medium were significantly reduced,and the phosphorylation level of P65 protein in SW620 cells was decreased.Conclusion:This extraction method is stable and reliable,and the prepared Physalis alkekengi L.polysaccharides exhibit significant in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.This study provides a theoretical basis for developing drugs for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

A novel cytotoxic neophysalin from Physalis alkekengi var.francheti

A new neophysalin, named 5α-hydroxy-25,27-dihydro-4,7-didehydro-7-deoxyneophysalin A（1）, along with three other known neophysalins （2-4） were isolated from the calyxes of Physalis alkekengi L. var.francheti （Mast.） Makino. The structure of 1 was determined by means of 1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR and mass spectra. Compound 1 displayed potent cytotoxicities in vitro against PC- 3 and LNCaP cell lines.

Three new physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii

Three new physalin steroids,physalin Ⅲ(1),physalin IV(2),3-O-methylphysalin X(3),together with five known physalins(4-8)were isolated from the 80%EtOH extract of calyces of Physalis alkekengi var.franchetii.The structures of the new compounds were revealed through 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic studies.

Medicinal and Edible Plant——Physalis alkekengi L.and Its Cultivation Techniques

Botanical morphological characteristics of Physalis alkekengi L.is first introduced,and its medicinal and edible value is elaborated.Cultivation techniques of P.alkekengi L.are mainly introduced.The research aims to provide a certain basis for the better development and application of P.alkekengi L.

Polysaccharide from Fruits of Physalis Alkekengi L. Enhances Antitumor Efficacy by a DNA Vaccine

Physalis. alkekengi fruit has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for tumor therapy. In the present study, using plasmids that encode ovalbumin (OVA) gene, we investigate the adjuvant activity of a polysaccharide fraction (PPSB) isolated from P.alkekengi fruit. Formulation by simple procedures of mixing of the OVA-encoding pCI-neo-sOVA plasmid with PPSB not only induced specific antibody responses, but also induced antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses (Graph abstract). Furthermore, immunization using this vaccine prevented the growth of OVA-expressing B16-OVA tumor cell growth in the immunized mice. Thus, we provide evidence supporting the adjuvant activity of PPSB in DNA vaccine against tumor.

模糊数学结合响应面法优化酸浆多糖酸奶工艺

以酸浆多糖、纯牛奶为主要原料,加入发酵菌粉进行发酵,研制一款具有独特酸浆香气且营养丰富的酸奶。以感官评分为指标,在单因素试验基础上采用模糊数学评价法与响应面法相结合的方法,优选出酸奶生产工艺。结果表明,当酸浆多糖添加量为2.2%,木糖醇添加量为4.9%,菌粉添加量为0.15%,发酵时间为8 h时,参照此条件制作的酸浆多糖酸奶组织均匀,润滑细腻且香气浓郁,感官评分为87.17分,与预测值相近。

锦灯笼活性成分、药理作用及开发应用现状

锦灯笼是我国东北地区特产水果,色泽鲜艳、风味独特;富含甾体、黄酮和酸浆苦素类化合物等生物活性成分,具有抗氧化、抗炎等多重药理作用,具有较高的食用、药用和经济价值。本文基于近年来国内外锦灯笼相关研究,综述锦灯笼活性成分、药理作用与开发应用现状,并对其未来发展趋势及应用进行展望。为探明锦灯笼独特优势,挖掘其在健康、医药等领域的应用,推动相关产业发展提供理论参考。

超声-微波辅助提取酸浆宿萼多糖及其体外降糖活性

该文以酸浆宿萼为试材,研究料液比、超声功率、微波功率、协同时间对酸浆宿萼多糖提取量的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,采用四因素三水平的响应面法优选提取工艺参数,通过对α-葡萄糖苷酶、α-淀粉酶抑制能力测定检测酸浆宿萼多糖体外降糖活性。结果表明:最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶17(g/mL)、超声功率160 W、微波功率320 W、协同时间4 min;在该条件下,酸浆宿萼多糖提取量为(26.13±0.11)mg/g;体外降糖试验表明,酸浆宿萼多糖有降糖活性。

酸浆宿萼中酸浆苦素的提取工艺及降糖活性

该试验采用低共熔溶剂-超声波辅助提取法对酸浆宿萼中的酸浆苦素进行提取并进行降糖活性研究。该试验合成5种不同的低共熔溶剂,在单因素试验的基础上,采用四因素三水平的响应面法优化酸浆宿萼中的酸浆苦素的提取工艺条件,通过对α-葡萄糖苷酶、α-淀粉酶抑制能力测定评价酸浆苦素体外降糖活性。结果表明:氯化胆碱∶葡萄糖=2∶1(摩尔比)合成的低共熔溶剂酸浆苦素提取量最高,且明显高于75%乙醇组;最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶10(g/mL)、超声功率320 W、超声时间30 min、含水量15%,在该条件下,酸浆苦素提取量为(8.96±0.15)mg/g,酸浆苦素有降糖活性。

锦灯笼果实多糖提取工艺研究

本研究通过酶-化学法对锦灯笼果实多糖(Polysaccharide from the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L.,PFP)进行提取,优化了工艺参数。最终结果表明,通过酶-化学法提取PFP,在复合酶的添加量为0.6%、酶水解时间为30min、碱液添加量为3%、碱水解时间为30min的条件下,能够达到最佳的提取效果,PFP的得率为(22.23±0.21)%。

Modulative effect of Physalis alkekengi on both gut bacterial and fungal micro-ecosystem

Objective: Gut microbiome is an intricate micro-ecosystem mediating the human health and drug efficacy. Physalis alkekengi(PAL) is an edible and time-honored traditional Chinese medicine. Several pharmacological effects of PAL have been verified and gut bacteria are implied in its therapeutic actions.However, the detailed modulation of PAL on gut bacterial species and on gut fungi remains largely unknown. We, therefore, designed a preliminary experiment in normal mice to reveal the modulation effect of PAL on both gut bacteria and fungi, and explore the interaction between them.Methods: Herein, the aqueous extract of PAL was orally administrated to normal C57BL/6 mice for four weeks. The full-length 16S rRNA and ITS1/2 gene sequencing were explored to detect the taxa of gut bacteria and gut fungi after PAL treatment, respectively.Results: Oral administration of PAL notably enriched anti-infammatory bacterial species such as Duncaniella spp. and Kineothrix alysoides, whereas decreased pro-infammatory species such as Mucispirillum schaedleri. Simultaneously, PAL increased the abundance of gut fungi Aspergillus ochraceus,Cladosporium sp. and Alternaria sp., and decreased Penicillium janthinellum. Correlation network analysis identified two co-existing microbial groups(groups 1 and 2) that were negatively associated with each other. The group 1 comprised PAL-enriched bacteria and fungi, while group 2 was mainly normal chow-enriched bacteria and fungi. In group 1, Antrodia monomitica, Aspergillus clavatus, Mortierella kuhlmanii and Sarcinomyces sp. MA 4787 were positively correlated with Bifidobacterium globosum,Romboutsia ilealis and so on. In group 2, Chaetomium subspirilliferum, Septoria orchidearum and Cephaliophora tropica were positively related to Lactobacillus spp.Conclusion: Altogether, this preliminary study first demonstrated the modulation effect of PAL on both gut bacteria and gut fungi, which may shed light on the elucidation of PAL’s pharmacological mechanism.

酸浆宿萼的黄酮苷类化学成分

目的研究茄科植物酸浆(Physalis alkekengiL.var.francheti(Mast.)Makino)宿萼的化学成分。方法用体积分数为80%的乙醇溶液加热回流提取,回收乙醇,浓缩后用水混悬,依次用环己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取;将正丁醇层通过聚酰胺柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反相ODS开放柱色谱及反相制备HPLC等手段,共分离得到5个黄酮苷类化合物;利用其理化性质和波谱学分析数据,鉴定化合物结构。结果分离得到的5个黄酮苷类化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1),木犀草素-4′-O-β-D-葡葡萄糖苷(2),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡葡萄糖苷(3),槲皮素-7,3-二-O-β-D-葡葡萄糖苷(4),木犀草素7,3′-二-O-β-D-葡葡萄糖苷(5)。结论木犀草素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2),槲皮素-3,7-二-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4),木犀草素7,3′-二-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)为首次从该属植物中分离得到,槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)为首次从该植物中分离得到。

酸浆宿萼的化学成分

目的研究茄科植物酸浆宿萼(Physalis alkekengiL.var.franchetii(Mast.)Makino)的化学成分。方法用体积分数为80%的乙醇溶液对酸浆宿萼进行加热回流提取,回收乙醇,浓缩后用水混悬,依次用环己烷、乙酸乙酯萃取,取乙酸乙酯层经硅胶柱色谱,CHCl3MeOH混合溶剂做梯度洗脱;CHCl3MeOH体积比为100∶2、100∶6,洗脱部分以及萃取后的水层再次经硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH 20柱色谱、反相ODS开放柱色谱及RP HPLC等,共得到7个化合物;利用其理化性质和波谱学分析数据,鉴定化学结构。结果分离得到了7个化合物中4个为酸浆苦素类化合物,分别鉴定为酸浆苦素D(Ⅰ)、酸浆苦素L(Ⅱ)、酸浆苦素O(Ⅲ)、4,7二脱氢新酸浆苦素B(Ⅳ);3个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草素(Ⅴ)、商陆素(Ⅵ)、木犀草素7,4′二OβD葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)。结论商陆素(Ⅵ)、木犀草素7,4′二OβD葡萄糖苷(Ⅶ)为首次从该植物中分离得到的2个已知化合物。

中药锦灯笼的研究进展

目的对茄科植物锦灯笼的化学成分和药理作用进行阐述,为该植物的进一步研究与开发奠定基础。方法结合近年来的40篇相关文献,对从锦灯笼中分离得到的化学成分和药理活性进行综述。结果与结论锦灯笼果实和宿萼中含有多种化合物,如甾体、甾醇、氨基酸和生物碱等,对该植物的镇痛、强心、抗菌、利尿及抗癌等作用进行总结,为深入研究锦灯笼提供参考。

酸浆化学成分及酸浆苦素G的结构订正

目的：对吉林产酸浆的化学成分进行研究。方法：运用层析手段和波谱方法分离并鉴定了8个化合物。结果：对酸浆苦素G（physalin G，1）的结构进行了订正并对其核磁数据进行了正确归属，其余化合物分别为酸浆苦素A（physalin A，2），酸浆苦素B（physalin B，3），酸浆苦素D（physalin D，4），酸浆苦素P（physalin P，5），金圣草黄素（chrysoeriol，6），马尾藻甾醇（saringosteml，7），丁香酸（syringicacid，8）。结论：化合物1的6位构型订正为尺，化合物6～8为首次从该属中分离得到。

酸浆茎叶中的四甲基环己烯型单萜苷类化合物

目的研究茄科植物酸浆[Physalis alkekengiL.var.franchetii(Mast.)Makino]茎叶的化学成分。方法用体积分数为60%的乙醇水溶液加热回流提取,提取液浓缩后用水混悬,依次用环己烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取;将正丁醇层通过聚酰胺柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反相ODS开放柱色谱及反相制备HPLC等手段,共分离得到4个四甲基环己烯型单萜苷类(megastigmane glyco-sides)化合物;利用其理化性质和波谱学数据,鉴定化合物结构。结果分离得到4个四甲基环己烯型单萜苷类化合物,分别鉴定为(6S,9R)-长寿花糖苷[(6S,9R)-roseoside,1)]、(6S,9R)-长寿花糖苷[(6S,9S)-roseoside,2]、(6S,9R)-3-氧-α-紫罗兰醇-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷[(6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol-β-D-glucopyranoside,3]、citroside A(4)。结论4个化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。

锦灯笼宿萼皂苷降血糖作用研究

以干燥的锦灯笼宿萼为实验材料,经乙醇回流提取,并通过萃取和大孔树脂进一步分离纯化得到锦灯笼宿萼皂苷(TSP).以不同剂量(75,150,300mg/(kg·d))TSP连续7d灌胃四氧嘧啶诱发的糖尿病昆明小鼠,并以消渴丸为阳性对照,探讨了TSP对四氧嘧啶诱发的糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用.结果表明:TSP不仅能明显降低糖尿病小鼠的血糖浓度,而且TSP还能缓解糖尿病小鼠的一些症状,如恢复小鼠体重、减少饮水量等,其效果与阳性对照消渴丸相当.本研究为将TSP开发为新的降血糖药物奠定基础.

酸浆宿萼色素的提取工艺及稳定性的研究

对酸浆宿萼色素最佳提取工艺及该色素的稳定性进行研究。结果表明,以丙酮作为提取溶剂,色素在453nm处有最大吸收峰;最佳提取工艺为:料液比(质量浓度g/mL)为1∶6,提取时间为4h,提取温度为50℃;该色素的热稳定性好,对光照敏感,在酸性条件下较稳定;金属离子Na+、K+对色素无不良影响,而Fe3+、Cu2+、Fe2+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Zn2+对色素则有明显影响;色素的耐糖性一般,只对低浓度的葡萄糖溶液稳定;抗氧化剂如VC、H2O2、Na2SO3对色素有严重的破坏作用,低浓度时则有明显的降解作用。