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Learning physical states of bulk crystalline materials from atomic trajectories in molecular dynamics simulation
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作者 Tian-Shou Liang Peng-Peng Shi +1 位作者 San-Qing Su Zhi Zeng 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第12期405-410,共6页
Melting of crystalline material is a common physical phenomenon,yet it remains elusive owing to the diversity in physical pictures.In this work,we proposed a deep learning architecture to learn the physical states(sol... Melting of crystalline material is a common physical phenomenon,yet it remains elusive owing to the diversity in physical pictures.In this work,we proposed a deep learning architecture to learn the physical states(solid-or liquidphase)from the atomic trajectories of the bulk crystalline materials with four typical lattice types.The method has ultrahigh accuracy(higher than 95%)for the classification of solid-liquid atoms during the phase transition process and is almost insensitive to temperature.The atomic physical states are identified from atomic behaviors without considering any characteristic threshold parameter,which yet is necessary for the classical methods.The phase transition of bulk crystalline materials can be correctly predicted by learning from the atomic behaviors of different materials,which confirms the close correlation between atomic behaviors and atomic physical states.These evidences forecast that there should be a more general undiscovered physical quantity implicated in the atomic behaviors and elucidate the nature of bulk crystalline melting. 展开更多
关键词 melting phase transition crystalline materials physical states deep learning molecular dynamics simulation
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Contactless Raman Spectroscopy-Based Monitoring of Physical States of Silyl-Modified Polymers during Cross-Linking
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作者 Boris Colin Olivier Lavastre +4 位作者 Stéphane Fouquay Guillaume Michaud Frédéric Simon Olivier Laferte Jean-Michel Brusson 《Green and Sustainable Chemistry》 2016年第4期151-166,共17页
Cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers occurs at the alkoxysilane groups attached to the ends of polymer chains by hydrolysis and polycondensation mechanisms in the presence of moisture. During these reactions, thre... Cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers occurs at the alkoxysilane groups attached to the ends of polymer chains by hydrolysis and polycondensation mechanisms in the presence of moisture. During these reactions, three different physical states can be identified (viscous, skin effect and cross-linked state). Knowledge of the evolution of these states at each reaction time is essential to determine the open time for the adhe-sive industry and is generally obtained by a manual method. Automation of this moni-toring could avoid operator error and could be used for very long cross linking reac-tions or to screen a large number of catalysts. Thus, a contactless micro process tech-nology was developed to correlate these physical states with an optical technology, Raman spectroscopy, by monitoring the decrease in intensity of the Si-OCH<sub>3</sub> groups during chemical reactions. This online characterization method can also be used to compare the efficiencies of several catalysts for the cross-linking of silyl-modified polymers, using a minimum amount of chemical materials. 展开更多
关键词 Silyl Modified Polymers physical states Micro Contactless Monitoring Raman Spectroscopy Cross-Linking
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Functional Optical Fiber Sensors Detecting Imperceptible Physical/Chemical Changes for Smart Batteries
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作者 Yiding Li Li Wang +3 位作者 Youzhi Song Wenwei Wang Cheng Lin Xiangming He 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期268-308,共41页
The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks coexist.Now the battery is still a“black box”,thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal st... The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks coexist.Now the battery is still a“black box”,thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal state.The battery should“sense its internal physical/chemical conditions”,which puts strict requirements on embedded sensing parts.This paper summarizes the application of advanced optical fiber sensors in lithium-ion batteries and energy storage technologies that may be mass deployed,focuses on the insights of advanced optical fiber sensors into the processes of one-dimensional nano-micro-level battery material structural phase transition,electrolyte degradation,electrode-electrolyte interface dynamics to three-dimensional macro-safety evolution.The paper contributes to understanding how to use optical fiber sensors to achieve“real”and“embedded”monitoring.Through the inherent advantages of the advanced optical fiber sensor,it helps clarify the battery internal state and reaction mechanism,aiding in the establishment of more detailed models.These advancements can promote the development of smart batteries,with significant importance lying in essentially promoting the improvement of system consistency.Furthermore,with the help of smart batteries in the future,the importance of consistency can be weakened or even eliminated.The application of advanced optical fiber sensors helps comprehensively improve the battery quality,reliability,and life. 展开更多
关键词 Smart battery Advanced embedded optical fiber sensor Battery internal physical/chemical state Quality-reliability-life characteristic
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Scientific exploration and hypotheses concerning the meridian system in traditional Chinese medicine
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作者 Wenchuan Qi Bin He +2 位作者 Qingxin Gu Yongming Li Fanrong Liang 《Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine》 2024年第3期283-289,共7页
The meridian theory is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine,playing a crucial role in disease diagnosis,treatment,and health preservation.Serving as the media for the effects of acupuncture,moxibusti... The meridian theory is an important component of traditional Chinese medicine,playing a crucial role in disease diagnosis,treatment,and health preservation.Serving as the media for the effects of acupuncture,moxibustion,herbal medicine,and acupressure massage,meridians exert undeniable impact on the human body.However,the essence of meridians remains a topic of debate.Recent research has primarily focused on their anatomical structures,leading to numerous hypotheses.Simultaneously,other researchers have approached this subject from an energetic perspective,discovering information interactions within the meridian system.These findings suggest that meridians possess both physical and information dimensions,indicating that a singular approach to their study is insufficient.To bridge this gap,a shift from purely structural research toward an exploration of the information aspects of meridians is necessary.By integrating this information approach with traditional meridian theory,it may be possible to develop a new,modernized meridian theory that is aligned with contemporary concepts,making it more accessible and applicable in clinical settings. 展开更多
关键词 COMMUNICATION Information state Meridian essence physical state
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Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy:A multidimensional probe of nonequilibrium physics
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作者 戴亚南 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期24-57,共34页
Exploring the realms of physics that extend beyond thermal equilibrium has emerged as a crucial branch of condensed matter physics research.It aims to unravel the intricate processes involving the excitations,interact... Exploring the realms of physics that extend beyond thermal equilibrium has emerged as a crucial branch of condensed matter physics research.It aims to unravel the intricate processes involving the excitations,interactions,and annihilations of quasi-and many-body particles,and ultimately to achieve the manipulation and engineering of exotic non-equilibrium quantum phases on the ultrasmall and ultrafast spatiotemporal scales.Given the inherent complexities arising from many-body dynamics,it therefore seeks a technique that has efficient and diverse detection degrees of freedom to study the underlying physics.By combining high-power femtosecond lasers with real-or momentum-space photoemission electron microscopy(PEEM),imaging excited state phenomena from multiple perspectives,including time,real space,energy,momentum,and spin,can be conveniently achieved,making it a unique technique in studying physics out of equilibrium.In this context,we overview the working principle and technical advances of the PEEM apparatus and the related laser systems,and survey key excited-state phenomena probed through this surface-sensitive methodology,including the ultrafast dynamics of electrons,excitons,plasmons,spins,etc.,in materials ranging from bulk and nano-structured metals and semiconductors to low-dimensional quantum materials.Through this review,one can further envision that time-resolved PEEM will open new avenues for investigating a variety of classical and quantum phenomena in a multidimensional parameter space,offering unprecedented and comprehensive insights into important questions in the field of condensed matter physics. 展开更多
关键词 ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy ultrafast momentum microscopy excited state physics
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Physical dispersion state and fluorescent property of Eu-complex in the Eu-complex/silicon rubber composites 被引量:5
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作者 温世鹏 胡水 +2 位作者 张小萍 张立群 刘力 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2008年第5期626-632,共7页
The fluorescent complex Eu(TTA)2(Phen)(MA) (HTTA=2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone, Phen=1,10-phenanthroline, MA=Maleic an- hydrider) was synthesized and characterized with elemental analysis, infrared spectrum (IR)... The fluorescent complex Eu(TTA)2(Phen)(MA) (HTTA=2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone, Phen=1,10-phenanthroline, MA=Maleic an- hydrider) was synthesized and characterized with elemental analysis, infrared spectrum (IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffraction(XRD), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), and fluorescent measurement. To explore the effect of different physical dispersion state of Eu-complex on the fluorescent property of the Eu-complex/silicon rubber composites, various quantifies of Eu(TTA)2(phen) (MA) were mixed with silicon rubber (SIR) and peroxide to form uncured composites. These composites were vulcanized to obtain cured Eu-complex/SiR composites at 250 ℃, which was higher than the melting-point of Eu-complex. The SEM, XRD, DSC, and the fluorescent measurement of these composites showed that both the complex molecules dispersed in the silicon rubber during the melting process and the parent Eu-complex particles had positive effects on fluorescent property, whereas the re-crystallized Eu-complex particles and the aggregating complexes formed during the melting-process had negative effects on fluorescent property. For the uncured composites, their fluorescent intensities almost did not change with the increasing amount of Eu-complex. Furthermore, for the composites with small content of Eu-complex, their fluorescent intensities decreased significantly after curing, and this difference in fluorescent intensity became smaller as the content of Eu-complex increases. 展开更多
关键词 polymer-matrix composites melting blending physical dispersion state fluorescent property rare earths
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Physical Parameter Identification Method Based on Modal Analysis for Two-axis On-road Vehicles:Theory and Simulation 被引量:3
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作者 ZHENG Minyi ZHANG Bangji +1 位作者 ZHANG Jie ZHANG Nong 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第4期756-764,共9页
Physical parameters are very important for vehicle dynamic modeling and analysis.However,most of physical parameter identification methods are assuming some physical parameters of vehicle are known,and the other unkno... Physical parameters are very important for vehicle dynamic modeling and analysis.However,most of physical parameter identification methods are assuming some physical parameters of vehicle are known,and the other unknown parameters can be identified.In order to identify physical parameters of vehicle in the case that all physical parameters are unknown,a methodology based on the State Variable Method(SVM) for physical parameter identification of two-axis on-road vehicle is presented.The modal parameters of the vehicle are identified by the SVM,furthermore,the physical parameters of the vehicle are estimated by least squares method.In numerical simulations,physical parameters of Ford Granada are chosen as parameters of vehicle model,and half-sine bump function is chosen to simulate tire stimulated by impulse excitation.The first numerical simulation shows that the present method can identify all of the physical parameters and the largest absolute value of percentage error of the identified physical parameter is 0.205%;and the effect of the errors of additional mass,structural parameter and measurement noise are discussed in the following simulations,the results shows that when signal contains 30 d B noise,the largest absolute value of percentage error of the identification is 3.78%.These simulations verify that the presented method is effective and accurate for physical parameter identification of two-axis on-road vehicles.The proposed methodology can identify all physical parameters of 7-DOF vehicle model by using free-decay responses of vehicle without need to assume some physical parameters are known. 展开更多
关键词 Parameter identification free-decay response state variable method modal parameter physical parameter
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Orthogonal Collision of Particles Produces New Physical State
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作者 Weihong Qian 《Journal of Modern Physics》 CAS 2022年第11期1440-1451,共12页
Collider is a machine or device that usually causes two beams of high-speed particles moving to collide in a straight line. The fundamental purpose of a collision is to obtain an abnormal mass-energy density and attem... Collider is a machine or device that usually causes two beams of high-speed particles moving to collide in a straight line. The fundamental purpose of a collision is to obtain an abnormal mass-energy density and attempt to discover new physics and new substances namely new physical states. However, linear collisions are not easy to achieve the above purpose. Through the comparable experiment of rear-end collision, head-on collision and orthogonal collision of two low-velocity particles, this paper theoretically proposes a new idea that the orthogonal collision between two-beam high-velocity particles can really produce an abnormal mass-energy density. This machine based on the new idea of orthogonal collision can not only greatly reduce the construction cost of colliders, but also is the most effective way to achieve the purpose of collision. 展开更多
关键词 COLLIDER Orthogonal Collision Mass-Energy Density New physical State
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Studies on Some Basic Physical Problems in Macromolecular Condensed State
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作者 Qian Renyuan(CAS Institute of Chemistry) 《Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences》 2001年第3期166-169,共4页
Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-... Macromolecular condensed state involves crystalline state and non-crystalline state of long-chain synthetic and naturally occurring molecules. The noncrystalline state may be a polymeric fluid, a rubbery elastic semi-solid or a rigid glass. 展开更多
关键词 Studies on Some Basic physical Problems in Macromolecular Condensed State very Basic
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MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS OF SATURATED SAND UNDER COMPLICATED LOADING 被引量:2
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作者 ShaoShengjun 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》 SCIE EI 2004年第1期32-44,共13页
The different physical states of saturated sand, including shear elasticity, positive dilatancy, and negative dilatancy (preliminary negative dilatancy, secondary negative dilatancy and reversal negative dilatancy) ar... The different physical states of saturated sand, including shear elasticity, positive dilatancy, and negative dilatancy (preliminary negative dilatancy, secondary negative dilatancy and reversal negative dilatancy) are revealed based on the pore water pressure response of saturated sand in undrained dynamic torsional tests of thin cylinder samples and also checked by the drained cyclic triaxial tests under a given mean effective normal stress. According to the effective stress path of different physical states under the undrained cyclic torsional tests the physical state transformation surface, stress history boundary and yield surface are determined, and the state boundary surface is also determined by the range of effective frictional stress state movement. Based on the moving yield surface without rotation, and the expanding stress history boundary surface relevant to the stress path variations under different physical states in 3D stress space, a physical state model is proposed to provide a new approach to calculating the transient pore water pressure under the undrained condition, and the volume strain of dilatation under drained condition in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 saturated sand cyclic torsional tests cyclic triaxial tests physical states charac- teristic surfaces in 3D stress space physical states model
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Ion Product of Pure Water Characterized by Physics-Based Water Model
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作者 揭斌斌 蕯支唐 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期167-170,I0001,共5页
Pure water has been characterized for nearly a century, by its dissociation into hydronium (H3O)1+ and hydroxide (HO)1- ions. As a chemical equilibrium reaction, the equilibrium constant, known as the ion product... Pure water has been characterized for nearly a century, by its dissociation into hydronium (H3O)1+ and hydroxide (HO)1- ions. As a chemical equilibrium reaction, the equilibrium constant, known as the ion product or the product of the equilibrium concentration of the two ion species, has been extensively measured by chemists over the liquid water temperature and pressure range. The experimental data have been nonlinear least-squares fitted to chemical thermodynamic-based equilibrium equations, which have been accepted as the industrial standard for 35 years. In this study, a new and statistical-physics-based water ion product equation is presented, in which, the ions are the positively charged protons and the negatively charged proton-holes or prohols. Nonlinear least squares fits of our equation to the experimental data in the 0-100℃ pure liquid water range, give a factor of two better precision than the 35-year industrial standard. 展开更多
关键词 Solid state physics Liquid state chemistry Pure water Ion product Positiveproton Negative proton-hole or prohol
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Concrete Physics Method for Solving NP hard Problem
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作者 Huang Wen\|qi College of Computer Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074,China Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2001年第Z1期140-146,共7页
With a NP hard problem given, we may find a equivalent physical world. The rule of the changing of the physical states is simply the algorithm for solving the original NP hard problem .It is the most natural algorithm... With a NP hard problem given, we may find a equivalent physical world. The rule of the changing of the physical states is simply the algorithm for solving the original NP hard problem .It is the most natural algorithm for solving NP hard problems. In this paper we deal with a famous example , the well known NP hard problem——Circles Packing. It shows that our algorithm is dramatically very efficient. We are inspired that, the concrete physics algorithm will always be very efficient for NP hard problem. 展开更多
关键词 concrete physics algorithm NP hard problem circles packing the rule of the changing of the physical states
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A Mathematical Method for Determination of Absolute Adsorption from Experimental Isotherms of Supercritical Gases 被引量:11
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作者 周理 周亚平 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2001年第1期110-115,共6页
A mathematical method was proposed for the determination of absolute adsorption from experimental isotherms. The method is based on the numerical equality of the absolute and the excess adsorption when either the gas ... A mathematical method was proposed for the determination of absolute adsorption from experimental isotherms. The method is based on the numerical equality of the absolute and the excess adsorption when either the gas phase density or the amount adsorbed is not quite considerable. The initial part of the experimentalisotherms, which represents the absolute adsorption, became linear with some mathematical manipulations. The linear isotherms were reliably formulated. As consequence, either the volume or the density of the supercritical adsorbate could be determined by a non-empirical way. This method was illustrated by the adsorption data of supercritical hydrogen and methane on a superactivated carbon in large ranges of temperature and pressure. 展开更多
关键词 supercritical adsorption absolute adsorption physical state of adsorbate physisorption equilibrium
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Thermodynamical Evaluation on Magnetocaloric Effect of Magnetic Refrigerating Materials Near Room Temperature
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作者 肖素芬 陈云贵 +2 位作者 管登高 杨涛 涂铭旌 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第6期648-653,共6页
The relationship between isothermal magnetic entropy change DELTA S andadiabatic temperature change DELTA T_(ad) was deduced according to the principles of thermodynamics.The MCE and the engineering application were d... The relationship between isothermal magnetic entropy change DELTA S andadiabatic temperature change DELTA T_(ad) was deduced according to the principles of thermodynamics.The MCE and the engineering application were discussed for Gd and several new kinds of magneticrefrigerating materials near room temperature, Gd_5Si_2Ge_2, MnFeP_(0.45)As_(0.55) and LaFe_(11.2)Co_(0.7)Si_(1.1). Isothermal entropy change is proportional to adiabatic temperature change with afactor of T/C (T is temperature, C is heat capacity). When the comparison of magnetacoloric effectis made for two different materials, we should consider isothermal entropy change as well asadiabatic temperature change. 展开更多
关键词 condensed state physics magnetic refrigerating materials magnetocaloriceffect rare earths
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Neutron star mass-radius relation with gravitational field shielding by a scalar field
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作者 Bo-Jun Zhang Tian-Xi Zhang +1 位作者 Padmaja Guggilla Mostafa Dokhanian 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期571-578,共8页
The currently well-developed models for equations of state (EoSs) have been severely impacted by recent measurements of neutron stars with a small radius and/or large mass. To explain these measurements, the theory ... The currently well-developed models for equations of state (EoSs) have been severely impacted by recent measurements of neutron stars with a small radius and/or large mass. To explain these measurements, the theory of gravitational field shielding by a scalar field is applied. This theory was recently developed in accor- dance with the five-dimensional (5D) fully covariant Kaluza-Klein (KK) theory that has successfully unified Einstein's general relativity and Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. It is shown that a massive, compact neutron star can generate a strong scalar field, which can significantly shield or reduce its gravitational field, thus making it more massive and more compact. The mass-radius relation developed under this type of modified gravity can be consistent with these recent measurements of neutron stars. In addition, the effect of gravitational field shielding helps explain why the supernova explosions of some very massive stars (e.g.9 40 MQ as measured recently) actually formed neutron stars rather than black holes as expected. The EoS models, ruled out by measurements of small radius and/or large mass neutron stars according to the the- ory of general relativity, can still work well in terms of the 5D fully covariant KK theory with a scalar field. 展开更多
关键词 stars: neutron -- gravitation -- black hole physics -- equation of state
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The Past and the Future of the TRIGA Reactor in Vienna
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作者 Helmuth Bock Yuj Hasegawa Erwin Jericha Georg Steinhauser Mario Villa 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2013年第4期654-660,共7页
During the past five decades, the TRIGA reactor Vienna has reached a top place in utilization among low power research reactors. This paper discussed the highlights of the major neutron physics experiments in the fiel... During the past five decades, the TRIGA reactor Vienna has reached a top place in utilization among low power research reactors. This paper discussed the highlights of the major neutron physics experiments in the field of neutron interferometry and ultra-small angle neutron scattering as well as in the field of radiochemistry, education and training and research in the field of nuclear safeguards and nuclear security. Potential further directions of research are outlined where the Atominstitut of Vienna might concentrate in future. 展开更多
关键词 TRIGA reactors research reactors neutron and solid state physics neutron interferometry ultra small-angle neutronscattering education and training.
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Solid State Physics View of Liquid State Chemistry—Electrical conduction in pure water
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作者 揭斌斌 薩支唐 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2013年第12期1-8,共8页
Engineering characterization of water has produced huge varieties of materials with special properties to meet human needs. Equilibrium properties of water-based liquids are well understood via localized atomic and mo... Engineering characterization of water has produced huge varieties of materials with special properties to meet human needs. Equilibrium properties of water-based liquids are well understood via localized atomic and molecular orbital theories. However, the mechanism of electrical conductivity of pure water has proven elusive. We show here it is trapping limited drift of positive and negative quasi-protons (or protons and proton-vacancies) on the extended water lattice, which is accounted for by the long-range correlation inherent in the Fermion (electrons and protons) and Boson (phonons) energy band theory of quasi-particles in solids, with vigorous adherence to equilibrium and nonequilibrium states. 展开更多
关键词 solid state physics liquid state chemistry pure water PROTON proton vacancy band and bond
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Solid State Physics View of Liquid State Chemistry Ⅱ. Electrical Capacitance of Pure and Impure Water
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作者 揭斌斌 薩支唐 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2014年第2期1-19,共19页
More than 80 years of theories and experiments on water suggested to us, described in our first water-physics report, that pure water's "abnormally" high electrical conductivity is due to transport of positive and ... More than 80 years of theories and experiments on water suggested to us, described in our first water-physics report, that pure water's "abnormally" high electrical conductivity is due to transport of positive and negative quasi-protons, p+ and p-, between the neutral proton traps V (H20) in the extended water, [(H20)N]+, converting it respectively to positively and negatively charged proton traps, V+ = (H30)1+ and V- = (HO)1-. In this second report, we present the theoretical charge control capacitances of pure and impure water as a function of the DC electric potential applied to water. 展开更多
关键词 solid state physics liquid state chemistry pure and impure water positive and negative quasi-protons proton vacancies water capacitance
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Solid State Physics View of Liquid State Chemistry Ⅲ. Electrical Conductance of Pure and Impure Water
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作者 揭斌斌 薩支唐 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 2014年第4期1-20,共20页
The 'abnormally' high electrical conductivity ofpure water was recently studied by us using our protonic bond, trap and energy band model, with five host particles: the positive and negative protons, and the amphot... The 'abnormally' high electrical conductivity ofpure water was recently studied by us using our protonic bond, trap and energy band model, with five host particles: the positive and negative protons, and the amphoteric protonic trap in three charge states, positive, neutral and negative. Our second report described the electrical charge storage capacitance of pure and impure water. This third report presents the theory of particle density and electrical conductance of pure and impure water, including the impuritons, which consist of an impurity ion bonded to a proton, proton-hole or proton trap and which significantly affect impure waters' properties. 展开更多
关键词 solid state and soft matter physics liquid state chemistry pure and impure water positive proton negative proton-hole or protole and amphoteric proton traps impuritons affinitons atomic or oxygenphonons hydrogen or protonic phonons and molecular phonons
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