Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physiological and the biochemical characteristics of waxy wheat seeds under accelerated aging conditions. Five waxy wheat lines, which were Waxy 1, Waxy 4, Waxy 8, Waxy 9, an...Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physiological and the biochemical characteristics of waxy wheat seeds under accelerated aging conditions. Five waxy wheat lines, which were Waxy 1, Waxy 4, Waxy 8, Waxy 9, and Waxy 15; and five non-waxy wheat lines: S-39, 04J89, Jan-81, III42-4, and II110 were studied. The seeds were subjected to accelerated aging at 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 55℃, and 60℃, and 90% relative humidity for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days, respectively. The results showed a gradual increase in conductivity and decrease in germination rate during accelerated aging. SOD, POD and CAT activities increased at lowgrade treatment, but decreased at severe treatment. On the other hand, the soluble protein content decreased at 45 ℃, but successively increased, then decreased 50℃. From the above study, it showed that 90% RH at 55℃ was the best accelerated aging condition for optimum efficiency in a shorter period.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility.[Methods]With soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line JLCMS9 A and its homotype maintainer line JLCMS9 ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility.[Methods]With soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line JLCMS9 A and its homotype maintainer line JLCMS9 B as experimental materials,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,starch content,soluble protein content,soluble sugar content and free proline content in flower buds,alabastrums and mature flowers were determined,and the contents and changes of auxin(IAA),gibberellin(GA3),isopentenyl adenosine(iPA)and abscisic acid(ABA)at the three stages were analyzed.[Results]The activity of SOD and CAT and the contents of MDA and free proline in the sterile line at the flower bud stage were lower than those of the maintainer line,but the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and their values were higher than those of the maintainer line;the POD activity of the sterile line was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line at the flower bud stage,and the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and its values were higher than those of the maintainer line;and the starch content and soluble sugar content of sterile line 9 A showed an overall upward trend,and were significantly lower than those of the maintainer line 9 B at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage.During the whole development process of floral organs,the content of IAA in sterile line 9 A showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the content of iPA increased gradually.The contents of hormones in the sterile line were lower than those in the maintainer line.The ratios of IAA/ABA,IAA/GA3,IAA/iPA and ABA/GA3 in the sterile line were significantly different from those in the maintainer line.It is inferred that the abnormal physiological characteristics of floral organ development are related to the cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility of soybean.The alabastrum stage may be a critical period for the occurrence of abnormal physiological and biochemical indexes in the floral organs of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile lines.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of fine sterile lines of soybean and the research on the mechanism of sterility.展开更多
The physiological and biochemical characteristics of Glycine max seedlings were changed under the high concentration of Pb stress, in which the malony dialdehyde (MDA) content, plasmalemma, activities of catalase (CAT...The physiological and biochemical characteristics of Glycine max seedlings were changed under the high concentration of Pb stress, in which the malony dialdehyde (MDA) content, plasmalemma, activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were increased drastically. The damage effects of Pb were reduced when 15 mg . L-1 La-Gly was used to spray Glycine max seedlings. The results of La-Gly treatment show that the effects are related to the decrease of Pb content in plants, the increase of photosynthetic rate and nitrate reductase (NR) activity, decrease of MDA content and cell membrane permeability, and maintenance of activities of CAT and POD.展开更多
Jatropha curcas seedlings were cultured for 21 d under 6 zinc concentrations of 0,25,50,100,200,400 mg/l to study the effects of ZnS O4 stress on the mechanism of resistance to heavy metal stress of J. curcas seedling...Jatropha curcas seedlings were cultured for 21 d under 6 zinc concentrations of 0,25,50,100,200,400 mg/l to study the effects of ZnS O4 stress on the mechanism of resistance to heavy metal stress of J. curcas seedlings. The results showed that with the increase of stress concentration,the content of chlorophyll-a decreased and the activity of POD first increased and then maintained at a certain level or decreased slowly. The contents of soluble sugar,malondialdehyde,soluble protein and free proline increased,and the root activity increased first and then decreased. The relative conductivity of J. curcas seedlings decreased first and then increased,which indicated that the leaves of J. curcas seedlings had some adaptability and self-repairing capability under zinc toxicity stress,but the adaptability and self-repair ability were limited.展开更多
Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehe...Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of silicon on physiology and biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets under low tempera- ture stress. [ Method ] By using Dendrobium monilforme as the ex...[ Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of silicon on physiology and biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets under low tempera- ture stress. [ Method ] By using Dendrobium monilforme as the experimental material, different concentrations of Na2SiO3 (0, O. 2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L) was added to the basic medium[ 1/2MS + 6-BA (0.1mg/L) + NAA ( 1 mg/L) + agar (7.2 g/L) + sucrose (30 g/L) ] for tissue culture; af- ter hardening and transplanting, Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets were treated under low temperature stress at 4 ~C for 0, 24 and 48 h, in order to investigate the physiological response of Dendrobium ranniliforme leaves to different concentrations of Na2SiO3. [ Result] Under low temperature stress at 4℃, Dendrob/um mon//i- fortns leaves have certain osmotic regulation ability, and the three osmotic regulation substances show different variation trends at different stages. Appropriate con- centration of NshSiO3 can increase the contents of free proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein to varying degrees, reduce MDA content and further improve the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets. The order of the effects of Na2SiO~ on various physiological indicators is : free proline 〉 MDA 〉 soluble sugar (or soluble protein). According to the correlation analysis among various physiological indicators, free proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA contents can all be used as reference indicators to identify the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme. [ Conclusion] The addition of Na2SiO3 (0.4 retool/L) can moder- ately decrease the thermal energy for normal growth of Dendrobium moniliforme, which is conducive to reducing the cost of cultivation. Key words Na2SiO3 ;Dendrobium monlifforme;Low temperature stress;Physiological and biochemical characteristics展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000712)National Natural Science Fund (31000712)Yunnan Provincial Education Department Scientific Research Program (08Y0166)
文摘Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physiological and the biochemical characteristics of waxy wheat seeds under accelerated aging conditions. Five waxy wheat lines, which were Waxy 1, Waxy 4, Waxy 8, Waxy 9, and Waxy 15; and five non-waxy wheat lines: S-39, 04J89, Jan-81, III42-4, and II110 were studied. The seeds were subjected to accelerated aging at 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 55℃, and 60℃, and 90% relative humidity for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days, respectively. The results showed a gradual increase in conductivity and decrease in germination rate during accelerated aging. SOD, POD and CAT activities increased at lowgrade treatment, but decreased at severe treatment. On the other hand, the soluble protein content decreased at 45 ℃, but successively increased, then decreased 50℃. From the above study, it showed that 90% RH at 55℃ was the best accelerated aging condition for optimum efficiency in a shorter period.
基金Supported by Doctoral Research Start-up Fund(BS514)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Reserve Project(2018MDCB02)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Planning Project(2018KJJH1702)Scientific Research Project of Inner Mongolia Minzu University(NMDSS2159)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility.[Methods]With soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line JLCMS9 A and its homotype maintainer line JLCMS9 B as experimental materials,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,starch content,soluble protein content,soluble sugar content and free proline content in flower buds,alabastrums and mature flowers were determined,and the contents and changes of auxin(IAA),gibberellin(GA3),isopentenyl adenosine(iPA)and abscisic acid(ABA)at the three stages were analyzed.[Results]The activity of SOD and CAT and the contents of MDA and free proline in the sterile line at the flower bud stage were lower than those of the maintainer line,but the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and their values were higher than those of the maintainer line;the POD activity of the sterile line was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line at the flower bud stage,and the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and its values were higher than those of the maintainer line;and the starch content and soluble sugar content of sterile line 9 A showed an overall upward trend,and were significantly lower than those of the maintainer line 9 B at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage.During the whole development process of floral organs,the content of IAA in sterile line 9 A showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the content of iPA increased gradually.The contents of hormones in the sterile line were lower than those in the maintainer line.The ratios of IAA/ABA,IAA/GA3,IAA/iPA and ABA/GA3 in the sterile line were significantly different from those in the maintainer line.It is inferred that the abnormal physiological characteristics of floral organ development are related to the cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility of soybean.The alabastrum stage may be a critical period for the occurrence of abnormal physiological and biochemical indexes in the floral organs of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile lines.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of fine sterile lines of soybean and the research on the mechanism of sterility.
文摘The physiological and biochemical characteristics of Glycine max seedlings were changed under the high concentration of Pb stress, in which the malony dialdehyde (MDA) content, plasmalemma, activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were increased drastically. The damage effects of Pb were reduced when 15 mg . L-1 La-Gly was used to spray Glycine max seedlings. The results of La-Gly treatment show that the effects are related to the decrease of Pb content in plants, the increase of photosynthetic rate and nitrate reductase (NR) activity, decrease of MDA content and cell membrane permeability, and maintenance of activities of CAT and POD.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Base and Talents in Guangxi(Guike AD17129022)the Science and Technology Achievement Transformation and Promotion Project of Guilin City(20140115-1)+3 种基金the Key Science and Technology Research Project of Liuzhou City(2016B050202)the Project of Guangxi Education Department(201012MS189)the Fund for the Director of the Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Substance Research and Utilization of Guangxi(ZRJJ2016-20)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2017GXNSFBA198011)
文摘Jatropha curcas seedlings were cultured for 21 d under 6 zinc concentrations of 0,25,50,100,200,400 mg/l to study the effects of ZnS O4 stress on the mechanism of resistance to heavy metal stress of J. curcas seedlings. The results showed that with the increase of stress concentration,the content of chlorophyll-a decreased and the activity of POD first increased and then maintained at a certain level or decreased slowly. The contents of soluble sugar,malondialdehyde,soluble protein and free proline increased,and the root activity increased first and then decreased. The relative conductivity of J. curcas seedlings decreased first and then increased,which indicated that the leaves of J. curcas seedlings had some adaptability and self-repairing capability under zinc toxicity stress,but the adaptability and self-repair ability were limited.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1500404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801310)+1 种基金the Natural Science Projects of Universities in Jiangsu Province,China(21KJA210001)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China。
文摘Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.
基金Supported by College-level Fund of Sichuan Agricultural University(64070113)
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of silicon on physiology and biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets under low tempera- ture stress. [ Method ] By using Dendrobium monilforme as the experimental material, different concentrations of Na2SiO3 (0, O. 2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L) was added to the basic medium[ 1/2MS + 6-BA (0.1mg/L) + NAA ( 1 mg/L) + agar (7.2 g/L) + sucrose (30 g/L) ] for tissue culture; af- ter hardening and transplanting, Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets were treated under low temperature stress at 4 ~C for 0, 24 and 48 h, in order to investigate the physiological response of Dendrobium ranniliforme leaves to different concentrations of Na2SiO3. [ Result] Under low temperature stress at 4℃, Dendrob/um mon//i- fortns leaves have certain osmotic regulation ability, and the three osmotic regulation substances show different variation trends at different stages. Appropriate con- centration of NshSiO3 can increase the contents of free proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein to varying degrees, reduce MDA content and further improve the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets. The order of the effects of Na2SiO~ on various physiological indicators is : free proline 〉 MDA 〉 soluble sugar (or soluble protein). According to the correlation analysis among various physiological indicators, free proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA contents can all be used as reference indicators to identify the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme. [ Conclusion] The addition of Na2SiO3 (0.4 retool/L) can moder- ately decrease the thermal energy for normal growth of Dendrobium moniliforme, which is conducive to reducing the cost of cultivation. Key words Na2SiO3 ;Dendrobium monlifforme;Low temperature stress;Physiological and biochemical characteristics