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Physiological and Biochemical Characteristic of a Stripe Mutant with Abnormal Flower Organs in Rice 被引量:8
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作者 陈德西 马炳田 +2 位作者 王玉平 马玉清 李仕贵 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第4期15-18,共4页
[Objective] The experiment aimed to explore physiological and biochemical changes of leaves after plants were mutated. [Method] A rice double mutant with stripes on stems, leaves and spikelets were taken as experiment... [Objective] The experiment aimed to explore physiological and biochemical changes of leaves after plants were mutated. [Method] A rice double mutant with stripes on stems, leaves and spikelets were taken as experimental materials to study the enzyme activity changes in different growth stages and amino acid variation in rice. [ Result] The SOD activity in mutant was higher than that in wild plant at tillering metaphase, but lower than that in wild type before heading stage and late flowering; the POD activity in three stages increased firstly then declined and the activity showed highest maximal activity at before heading stage. However, the POD activity in wild type showed the opposite change trend; the CAT activity presented degression at three stages, especially high at tillering metaphase, but reverse changes in wild type; the MDA activity decreased at three stages, but it was still higher than that in wild type, besides, the soluble sugar content of mutant was lower, but total amino acid content was increased. [ Conclusion] The expression of mutant characteristics was correlated with SOD, POD, CAT and MDA activity Changes and these changes made the mutant survive and rice quality change at last. 展开更多
关键词 RICE STRIPE physiological and biochemical characteristic Rice quality
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Effects of Accelerated Aging on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Waxy and Non-waxy Wheat Seeds 被引量:10
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作者 QIN Peng KONG Zhiyou +1 位作者 LIAO Xiaohong LIU Yeju 《Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)》 CAS 2011年第2期7-12,共6页
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physiological and the biochemical characteristics of waxy wheat seeds under accelerated aging conditions. Five waxy wheat lines, which were Waxy 1, Waxy 4, Waxy 8, Waxy 9, an... Experiments were conducted to evaluate the physiological and the biochemical characteristics of waxy wheat seeds under accelerated aging conditions. Five waxy wheat lines, which were Waxy 1, Waxy 4, Waxy 8, Waxy 9, and Waxy 15; and five non-waxy wheat lines: S-39, 04J89, Jan-81, III42-4, and II110 were studied. The seeds were subjected to accelerated aging at 40℃, 45℃, 50℃, 55℃, and 60℃, and 90% relative humidity for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days, respectively. The results showed a gradual increase in conductivity and decrease in germination rate during accelerated aging. SOD, POD and CAT activities increased at lowgrade treatment, but decreased at severe treatment. On the other hand, the soluble protein content decreased at 45 ℃, but successively increased, then decreased 50℃. From the above study, it showed that 90% RH at 55℃ was the best accelerated aging condition for optimum efficiency in a shorter period. 展开更多
关键词 accelerated aging waxy wheat non-waxy wheat physiological and biochemical characteristics
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Changes in Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Floral Organ Development in a Soybean Cytoplasmic-nuclear Male Sterile Line 被引量:1
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作者 Tianyu CUI Xia CAO +3 位作者 Zhigang LI Jiayao SUN Peng LIU Pengnian WANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2022年第1期5-11,18,共8页
[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility.[Methods]With soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line JLCMS9 A and its homotype maintainer line JLCMS9 ... [Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility.[Methods]With soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line JLCMS9 A and its homotype maintainer line JLCMS9 B as experimental materials,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,starch content,soluble protein content,soluble sugar content and free proline content in flower buds,alabastrums and mature flowers were determined,and the contents and changes of auxin(IAA),gibberellin(GA3),isopentenyl adenosine(iPA)and abscisic acid(ABA)at the three stages were analyzed.[Results]The activity of SOD and CAT and the contents of MDA and free proline in the sterile line at the flower bud stage were lower than those of the maintainer line,but the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and their values were higher than those of the maintainer line;the POD activity of the sterile line was significantly lower than that of the maintainer line at the flower bud stage,and the opposite was true at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage,and its values were higher than those of the maintainer line;and the starch content and soluble sugar content of sterile line 9 A showed an overall upward trend,and were significantly lower than those of the maintainer line 9 B at the alabastrum stage and the flowering stage.During the whole development process of floral organs,the content of IAA in sterile line 9 A showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the content of iPA increased gradually.The contents of hormones in the sterile line were lower than those in the maintainer line.The ratios of IAA/ABA,IAA/GA3,IAA/iPA and ABA/GA3 in the sterile line were significantly different from those in the maintainer line.It is inferred that the abnormal physiological characteristics of floral organ development are related to the cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility of soybean.The alabastrum stage may be a critical period for the occurrence of abnormal physiological and biochemical indexes in the floral organs of soybean cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile lines.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of fine sterile lines of soybean and the research on the mechanism of sterility. 展开更多
关键词 SOYBEAN Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility Floral organ physiological and biochemical characteristic
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Effect of La-Gly on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Glycine max Seedling under Pb Stress
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作者 黄晓华 周青 +1 位作者 张建华 屠昆岗 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2000年第3期244-248,共5页
The physiological and biochemical characteristics of Glycine max seedlings were changed under the high concentration of Pb stress, in which the malony dialdehyde (MDA) content, plasmalemma, activities of catalase (CAT... The physiological and biochemical characteristics of Glycine max seedlings were changed under the high concentration of Pb stress, in which the malony dialdehyde (MDA) content, plasmalemma, activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were increased drastically. The damage effects of Pb were reduced when 15 mg . L-1 La-Gly was used to spray Glycine max seedlings. The results of La-Gly treatment show that the effects are related to the decrease of Pb content in plants, the increase of photosynthetic rate and nitrate reductase (NR) activity, decrease of MDA content and cell membrane permeability, and maintenance of activities of CAT and POD. 展开更多
关键词 rare earths Glycine max seedling La-Gly lead physiological and biochemical characteristics protective effect
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Effects on Zinc Stress on Stress-Resistance Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Jatropha curcas seedlings
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作者 Yunhong ZHOU Jianmin TANG +4 位作者 Limei GAO Yancai SHI Rong ZOU Zhongchen XIONG Xiaobiao ZENG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2018年第3期199-202,共4页
Jatropha curcas seedlings were cultured for 21 d under 6 zinc concentrations of 0,25,50,100,200,400 mg/l to study the effects of ZnS O4 stress on the mechanism of resistance to heavy metal stress of J. curcas seedling... Jatropha curcas seedlings were cultured for 21 d under 6 zinc concentrations of 0,25,50,100,200,400 mg/l to study the effects of ZnS O4 stress on the mechanism of resistance to heavy metal stress of J. curcas seedlings. The results showed that with the increase of stress concentration,the content of chlorophyll-a decreased and the activity of POD first increased and then maintained at a certain level or decreased slowly. The contents of soluble sugar,malondialdehyde,soluble protein and free proline increased,and the root activity increased first and then decreased. The relative conductivity of J. curcas seedlings decreased first and then increased,which indicated that the leaves of J. curcas seedlings had some adaptability and self-repairing capability under zinc toxicity stress,but the adaptability and self-repair ability were limited. 展开更多
关键词 Jatropha curcas ZINC STRESS physiological and biochemical characteristics
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Rice canopy temperature is affected by nitrogen fertilizer
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作者 Min Jiang Zhang Chen +3 位作者 Yuan Li Xiaomin Huang Lifen Huang Zhongyang Huo 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期824-835,共12页
Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehe... Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological traits.However, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy temperature.Our study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction. 展开更多
关键词 canopy temperature RICE physiological and biochemical characteristics YIELD
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Effect of High Temperature on Outcrossing Characteristics at the Fertility Sensitive Period of Photo-thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile (PTGMS) Rice Lines
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作者 王明 刘烨 +6 位作者 张海清 刘爱民 肖层林 唐荣 杨永标 蒋凌云 李雪雪 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第11期2019-2025,共7页
Four sterile lines (Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S) and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients (24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber) and the natura... Four sterile lines (Peiai64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S) and the restoring line R527 were used as materials. Five temperature gradients (24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 ℃ in artificial climate chamber) and the natural temperature (as control) were treated to the four sterile lines for 6 d in the fertility sensitive period of heading to flowering stage, respectively, to study the effects of temperature on physiological biochemical characteristics of young panicles and outcrossing characteristics. The results showed that the percentages of exerted stigma of Peiai 64S and Y58S were the highest at 27 ℃, which were 86.81% and 86.06%, respectively, while the percentages of exerted stigma of Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 76.24% and 81.76%, respectively; the stigma viability of Peiai 64S, Y58S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the best at 24 ℃, which were 1.96, 2.12, 1.74 and 1.94, respectively; the outcrossing rates of Peiai 64S, Guangzhan 63-2S and H638S were the highest at 24 ℃, which were 58.87%, 54.22% and 50.50%, respectively, while the outcrossing rate of Y58S was the highest at 27 ℃, which was 58.96%; and the contents of peroxidase (POD) of the four sterile lines increased significantly at 33 ℃ compared with the control, while the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline increased significantly at 36 ℃ compared with the control. There were differences in temperature sensitivity between the male sterile lines, and the 24 ℃ treatment during the sensitive period was the best for the fertility sensitive period of Peiai 64S, while 27 ℃ was the best temperature for Y58S, Gangzhan 63-2S and H638S. 展开更多
关键词 RICE Photo-thermo sensitive male sterile line Fertility sensitive period Temperature Outcrossing characteristics physiological and biochemical characteristics
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Effects of silver nanoparticles on resistance characteristics of the wetland plant Typha orientalis in a hydroponic system 被引量:1
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作者 Ma Yixuan Huang Juan +3 位作者 Cao Chong Cai Wenshu Xiao Jun Yan Chunni 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2019年第3期381-388,共8页
To probe the influence and the adverse-resistance characteristics of wetland plants in presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the changes in the physiological and biochemical characteristics (including the superoxi... To probe the influence and the adverse-resistance characteristics of wetland plants in presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the changes in the physiological and biochemical characteristics (including the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, soluble protein content, and chlorophyll content) of Typha orientalis exposed to different concentrations of AgNPs solutions (0, 0.1, 1, 20 and 40 mg/L) were explored. Meantime, the accumulation of silver content in these plants was revealed. The results show that under low concentrations of AgNPs, the SOD and POD activities in the leaves of Typha orientalis are strengthened to different degrees. However, high concentrations of AgNPs inhibit the activities of SOD and POD. Under the stress of different concentrations of AgNPs, the CAT activities are inhibited initially and later recovered to some extent. Under the stress of low concentrations of AgNPs, the soluble protein content in the leaves of Typha orientalis increases significantly, but decreases more significantly with increasing concentrations of AgNPs. Low concentrations of AgNPs promote chlorophyll synthesis in the leaves of Typha orientalis , but the chlorophyll content subsequently falls to pre-stress levels. In contrast, high concentrations of AgNPs cause a certain inhibition to generate chlorophyll. Meanwhile, the results show that the silver concentrations of plant tissues increase with the exposure of concentrations of AgNPs and they have a positive relationship with the exposure of concentrations of AgNPs. 展开更多
关键词 silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) wetland plants Typha orientalis physiological and biochemical characteristics antioxidase
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Regulation of Nitrogen on Potato under NaCl Stress 被引量:1
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作者 张瑞玖 陈有君 +3 位作者 蒙美莲 郦海龙 周长艳 冯琰 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第11期65-67,共3页
The effects of nitrogen on physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato cultivar Zihuabai under NaCl stress were studied in culture condition.The results show that,under NaCl stress,the contents of proline,... The effects of nitrogen on physiological and biochemical characteristics of potato cultivar Zihuabai under NaCl stress were studied in culture condition.The results show that,under NaCl stress,the contents of proline,chlorophyll and protein and root system vitality first increase and then decrease with the increase of nitrogen level,and reach the top under 4.17 mmol/L NH4NO3 level.Wherein,the contents of chlorophyll,protein and root system vitality are respectively 69.88%,13.07% and 59.29% higher than that of the control under 4.17 mmol/L NH4NO3 level;the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)increase generally under NaCl stress with the increase of nitrogen level,and reach the peaks [111.83 U/g and 25.467 U/(g·min)],which are 37.73% and 35.46% higher than that of control,at 6.25 mmol/L NH4NO3 level. 展开更多
关键词 POTATO NaCl stress Nitrogen level physiological and biochemical characteristics
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Isolation and Identification of a Flocculant Producing Strain TS-1
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作者 潘素娟 王长青 +1 位作者 雷新有 左国防 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2011年第12期1799-1801,1872,共4页
[Objective] The purpose was to select out and identify a flocculant producing strain which could produce high active flocculant.[Method] The strain producing high active flocculant was isolated out and purified throug... [Objective] The purpose was to select out and identify a flocculant producing strain which could produce high active flocculant.[Method] The strain producing high active flocculant was isolated out and purified through medium culture and the selected strain was identified through observing its culture characters and determining its physiological and biochemical property.[Result] Fourteen strains of bacteria with flocculant producing function were isolated from tested soil samples through isolation,purification and preliminary screening using dilution-spread plate method and plate streaking method.Five strains of flocculant producing bacteria showing higher flocculation activity were selected out after second screening and their flocculation rates were higher than 70%;the flocculation activity of one strain among them was still stable after multiple subculturings,its flocculation rate was always above 90% and it was marked as TS-1.TS-1 was encapsulated Gram-positive bacillus and there was no lipid in it,such as poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid.TS-1 was Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,so it was named Bacillus TS-1.[Conclusion] The strain selected out in this experiment could be used in the flocculation and biochemical treatment of wastewater from starch industry. 展开更多
关键词 Microbial flocculant ISOLATION physiological and biochemical characteristics IDENTIFICATION
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Effects of Silicon on Physiology and Biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme Plantlets under Cold Stress
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作者 Xiaoyu DUAN Min TANG Weishuang WANG 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2013年第3期18-21,共4页
[ Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of silicon on physiology and biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets under low tempera- ture stress. [ Method ] By using Dendrobium monilforme as the ex... [ Objective] The study aimed to investigate the effects of silicon on physiology and biochemistry of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets under low tempera- ture stress. [ Method ] By using Dendrobium monilforme as the experimental material, different concentrations of Na2SiO3 (0, O. 2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L) was added to the basic medium[ 1/2MS + 6-BA (0.1mg/L) + NAA ( 1 mg/L) + agar (7.2 g/L) + sucrose (30 g/L) ] for tissue culture; af- ter hardening and transplanting, Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets were treated under low temperature stress at 4 ~C for 0, 24 and 48 h, in order to investigate the physiological response of Dendrobium ranniliforme leaves to different concentrations of Na2SiO3. [ Result] Under low temperature stress at 4℃, Dendrob/um mon//i- fortns leaves have certain osmotic regulation ability, and the three osmotic regulation substances show different variation trends at different stages. Appropriate con- centration of NshSiO3 can increase the contents of free proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein to varying degrees, reduce MDA content and further improve the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme plantlets. The order of the effects of Na2SiO~ on various physiological indicators is : free proline 〉 MDA 〉 soluble sugar (or soluble protein). According to the correlation analysis among various physiological indicators, free proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and MDA contents can all be used as reference indicators to identify the cold resistance of Dendrobium moniliforme. [ Conclusion] The addition of Na2SiO3 (0.4 retool/L) can moder- ately decrease the thermal energy for normal growth of Dendrobium moniliforme, which is conducive to reducing the cost of cultivation. Key words Na2SiO3 ;Dendrobium monlifforme;Low temperature stress;Physiological and biochemical characteristics 展开更多
关键词 NA2SIO3 Dendrobium moniliforme Low temperature stress physiological and biochemical characteristics
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