Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome immunological relationship

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a complex disorder cha-racterized by symptoms resulting from intermittent hypoxia and hypopnea,with research indicating a crucial role of immune system dysregulation and genetic variations in its pathogenesis.A recent Zhao et al study utilizes Mendelian ran-domization analysis to explore the causal relationship between immune cell characteristics and OSAHS.The study identifies specific lymphocyte subsets as-sociated with OSAHS,providing valuable insights into the disease's pathophy-siology and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.The findings underscore the significance of genetic and immunological factors in sleep disorders,offering a fresh perspective on OSAHS's complexities.Compared to existing literature,Zhao et al's study stands out for its focus on genetic markers and specific immune responses associated with OSAHS,expanding upon previous research primarily centered on systemic inflammation.In conclusion,the study represents a signi-ficant advancement in the field,shedding light on the causal role of immune cells in OSAHS and paving the way for future research and targeted treatments.

47份木薯资源对朱砂叶螨的抗性鉴定及其抗性机理的初步研究

以47份木薯资源为材料,通过田间螨害情况调查,评价并鉴定木薯品种的朱砂叶螨抗性级别,同时对其中8份不同抗性木薯品种的形态学特征和生理生化特性进行调查及检测,研究木薯对朱砂叶螨的抗性与植株外部形态、叶片营养及生理生化特性的关系。结果表明:47份资源共包含4种抗性级别,分别为R、MR、S和HS,抗性最高的品种为食用木薯品种SC9和ST-1;未发现木薯品种螨害指数与株高、分枝部位、分枝数、叶形、叶片质地、裂叶长、裂叶宽、叶厚等植株形态学特征及氢氰酸含量、单宁含量、粗蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量间的相关关系;螨害指数与SPAD值间呈显著负相关关系,相关系数为-0.741。木薯对朱砂叶螨的抗性可能是各营养成分和生理指标等影响因素综合作用的结果,或者是在某一个指标达到对朱砂叶螨取食性产生作用的临界点时,才会对抗性起决定作用。SPAD值可作为木薯的朱砂叶螨抗性鉴定指标之一。

PEG胁迫对文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的影响

在种子发芽箱中,以清水为对照,用5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%和35%共7个浓度聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)溶液浇灌栽培基质,观察文冠果种子的萌发和幼苗生长情况,以及幼苗叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛的含量和细胞膜相对透性的变化,探讨文冠果种子萌发对土壤水分的要求及其幼苗忍耐干旱的能力。结果显示:(1)在PEG浓度5%～35%范围内,文冠果种子发芽率、成苗率、幼苗根长和细胞膜透性均随着胁迫强度的增加呈明显的下降趋势;细胞膜透性随着胁迫强度的增加先升高后降低,但脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和幼苗根数量则呈现逐渐上升趋势。(2)5%的PEG浓度能够促进文冠果种子萌发,提高成苗率和根数量,降低幼苗死亡率;5%～10%的PEG能够明显促进苗高生长,但对根长影响不大;当PEG浓度高于15%后,种子萌发受到抑制,成苗率明显降低。(3)当PEG浓度高于25%时幼苗死亡率急剧上升,幼苗脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性显著增加,细胞膜结构受到严重伤害。研究表明,低浓度PEG处理有利于文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长,但过高浓度却对文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长具有一定的抑制作用;文冠果种子萌发及其幼苗可忍受5%～25%的PEG渗透胁迫,即文冠果种子萌发和幼苗生长可忍受土壤水势为-7.94～-11.05MPa的干旱胁迫。

Isolation and Biological Characteristics of Bacteriophage of an Antibiotic-resistant Escherchia coli Strain

In this study, bacteriophage of an antibiotic-resistant Escherchia coil strain isolated from feces of chicken was isolated. Its host range was determined by the method of spotting sample on monolayer agar, and its lysis titer, optimal multiplicity of infection （MOI）, temperature tolerance and pH tolerance were determined by the double-layer agar plate method. The results showed that the bacteriophage had a broad host range. The biological assay demonstrated that two strains of E. coil were fully lysed and one strain of E. coil was weakly lysed by the bacteriophage. The lysis titer and MOI of the bacteriophage were 1.20×10^8 PFU/ml and 1, respec- tively. Under the optimum temperature of 40℃, the Jysis titer of the bacteriophage reached 8.90×10^9 PFU/ml; however, the bacteriophage lost its infectivity at the tem- perature of 80℃. In the pH range of 5-11, the lysis titer of the bacteriophage ranged from10^6 to 10^9 PFU/mI. Under the condition of pH 4 and 12, the bacterio- phage was invalid.

Characterization of TGMS Line 33S in Rice

The research expIored morphoIogical characteristics, fertiIity, and tralts re-Iating to outcrossing of 33S which was of good shapes in pIant and Ieaf, with Iow infertiIity temperature, earIy fIowering period, high fIowering rate before noon, and good tralts reIating to outcrossing.

Developments of parabolic equation method in the period of 2000–2016

Parabolic equation （PE） method is an efficient tool for modelling underwater sound propagation, particularly for problems involving range dependence. Since the PE method was first introduced into the field of underwater acoustics, it has been about 40 years, during which contributions to extending its capability has been continuously made. The most recent review paper surveyed the contributions made before 1999. In the period of 2000-2016, the development of PE method basically focuses on seismo-acoustic problems, three-dimensional problems, and realistic applications. In this paper, a review covering the contribution from 2000 to 2016 is given, and what should be done in future work is also discussed.

Dynamic characteristics and application of dual throat fluidic thrust vectoring nozzle

Thrust vectoring technology plays an important role in improving the maneuverability of aircraft.In order to overcome the disadvantages of mechanical thrust vectoring nozzles,such as complications of structure and significant increases in weight and cost,fluidic thrust vectoring noz-zles are proposed.Dual Throat fluidic thrust vectoring Nozzle(DTN)has received wide attention due to its excellent thrust vectoring efficiency and minimal thrust loss.In this study,three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations of a single axisymmetric DTN are conducted first to analyze its dynamic response.Then the pitch and yaw control characteristics of DTN equipped on a flying-wing aircraft are investigated.It is found that the dynamic response will experience three stages:rapid-deflecting stage,oscillating stage,and steady stage.A complete recirculation zone forms at the end of the rapid-deflecting stage,which pushes the primary flow to attach to the wall opposite the secondary injection.Meanwhile,the exhaust flow is deflected.In terms of DTN's appli-cation,the DTN equipped on the flying-wing aircraft is capable of providing effective pitch and yaw moments at all angles of attack and Mach numbers.In addition,continuous pitch and yaw moments can be obtained by adjusting the secondary mass flow ratios.The control moment is gen-erated due to the asymmetrical pressure distribution of nozzle surface,which is mainly contributed by the pressure decrease on the secondary injection surface.Moreover,the DTN equipped on the flying-wing aircraft has a relatively high thrust vectoring efficiency of around 5°/%and a thrust coefficient of around 0.95 when nozzle pressure ratio equals 4.These results provide an important theoretical basis for the practical application of DTN.

Kinetic modeling of multiphase fow based on simplified Enskog equation

A new kinetic model for multiphase flow was presented under the framework of the discrete Boltzmann method(DBM).Significantly different from the previous DBM,a bottom-p approach was adopted in this model.The effects of molecular size and repulsion potential were described by the Enskog collision model;the attraction potential was obtained through the mean field approximation method.The molecular interactions,which result in the non-ideal equation of state and surface tension,were directly introduced as an external force term.Several typical benchmark problems,including Couette flow,two-phase coexistence curve,the Laplace law,phase separation,and the collision of two droplets,were simulated to verify the model.Especially,for two types of droplet collisions,the strengths of two non-equilibrium ffcts,D*2 and D*3,defined through the second and third order non-conserved kinetic moments of(f-feq),are comparatively investigated,where f(feq)is the(equilibrium)distribution function.It is interesting to find that during the collision process,D*2is always significantly larger than D*3,D*2 can be used to identify the different stages of the collision process and to distinguish different types of collisions.The modeling method can be directly extended to a higher.order model for the case where the non-equilibrium pffect is strong,and the linear constitutive law of viscous stress is no longer valid.

肥胖对致死性肺炎小鼠血液白细胞数量和四种细胞因子质量浓度以及免疫器官指数的影响

为探讨肥胖对致死性肺炎全身性免疫反应的影响,将高脂诱导的肥胖小鼠分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ组,非肥胖小鼠分为Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,Ⅰ、Ⅲ组滴鼻40 L大肠杆菌菌液(4×10^(10) CFU),Ⅱ、Ⅳ组滴鼻40 L生理盐水,检测感染前(第0小时)及感染后第2、6、12、24、48、72、96小时各组小鼠血液白细胞数、血清细胞因子质量浓度及免疫器官指数。结果显示,高脂饲喂8周后,肥胖组小鼠体重,血液WBC、GRA、MID数量,血清TNF-α、IL-6、RETN质量浓度均显著高于非肥胖组(P<0.05),脾脏和胸腺的质量及指数显著低于非肥胖组(P<0.05)。感染后,Ⅰ、Ⅲ组血液WBC、GRA、LYM、MID数量在感染后第2小时略降低,后逐渐升高后又降低,在第48小时达到最小值;与Ⅲ组比较,Ⅰ组的WBC数量在第0~6小时,GRA数量在第0~12小时,MID数量在第0、6小时均显著升高(P<0.05),LYM数量在感染后第48小时显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅲ组的TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、RETN质量浓度迅速升高,且维持在较高水平至第48小时;Ⅰ组的TNF-α质量浓度在第0~6、24小时,IL-6质量浓度在第0~6、96小时,IL-10质量浓度在第2~12、48~96小时及RETN质量浓度在第0~2、24~48小时显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组的体重在感染后第2~96小时,胸腺质量在第6~96小时及胸腺指数在第12、72~96小时显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),脾质量和脾指数在感染后第2~96小时显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组的体重在第0~96小时,脾质量在第2~12、48~96小时,脾指数在第2、12、48小时及胸腺质量在第24小时显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,肥胖能通过影响机体脾脏及胸腺的生长发育、白细胞及细胞因子含量,进而影响肺部感染引起的炎症反应强度和免疫调节能力,导致致死性肺炎肥胖小鼠的死亡率增高。

Multi–physical-field characteristics modeling and structure optimization for kW-level ultra-high-speed PM motors with integrated support system

In the aerospace industry,the low-mass ultra-high-speed flywheel system play a critical role.In this paper,a kW-level Ultra-High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(UHSPMSM)as the core component of flywheel system is proposed and analyzed with consideration of multiple physical fields,including electromagnetic characteristics,mechanical strength and rotor dynamics.The integrated support structure is put forward to improve rotation accuracy and operation stability of the UHSPMSM.Further,influence of the integrated support structure on critical speed is explored,and the key parameters such as support position and support stiffness are designed.Moreover,the rotor strength is analyzed by analytical model developed of rotor stress that can deal with multiple boundary types.Material and thickness of the sleeve are optimized,and range of interference value is accurately limited based on four extreme operating conditions.The 3-D Finite Element Model(FEM)is used to validate the strength characteristics and stress distribu-tion of rotor.A 1.5 kW-150000 r/min UHSPMSM with integrated support system is manufactured and tested.The feasibility of UHSPMSM proposed and the accuracy of analysis method are verified through electromagnetic,temperature rise and vibration characteristics test.The machine prototype realizes the load operation at rated speed and the multi-physical-field characteristics achieve the design specification.

Characteristics Study of Weibo Users' Interactions

An individual＇s personal network is a basic object of study in sociology. This article analyzes and compares sina-weibo users＇ personal network size based on over 2 billion tweets gath- ered from over 1.3 million users in 2012. We propose a new measure method for the analysis of user interactions based on how an individual divides his attention across contacts and how user＇s characteristics affect the interactions. We find that the balance of attention of user with different age and gender is quite different in weibo. It displays interesting variation in both different groups of people and different modes of interaction.

Non-selfsimilar Global Solutions and Their Structure for the Multi-dimensional Combustion Models

We investigate the Chapman-Jouguet model in multi-dimensional space, and construct explicitly its non-selfsimilar Riemann solutions. By the method we apply in this paper, general initial discontinuities can be dealt with, even for complex interaction of combustion waves. Furthermore, we analyze the way in which the area of unburnt gas shrinks.