<i>Bacillus subtilis Strains</i>with Antifungal Activity against the Phytopathogenic Fungi

Bacillus strains isolated from the rhizosphere soil of potato roots were evaluated for the potential antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens in vitro and in vivo. Two bacterial isolates were identified as new Bacillus subtilis strains by 16S rRNA and GyrB gene sequencing and were designated GM2 and GM5, respectively. Strains were characterized by their ability to inhibit growth of a number of phytopathogenic fungi. It was shown that GM5 strain inhibited growth of phytopathogenic fungi more effectively than GM2 strain. Both strains were capable of producing a number of hydrolytic enzymes as well as antimicrobial metabolites (ammonia and HCN). In addition, GM2 strain also produced siderophores. Four genes encoding antimicrobial peptides were identified in the genome of GM2 strain: ituC, bmyB, bacA and srfA. Genome of GM5 contained two genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides, srfA and fenD. Purified lipopeptide fraction from GM5 but not from GM2 strain was able to control Fusarium solani spread in the plate assay. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis strain GM2 promoted growth of wheat but only GM5 strain was able to protect wheat seedlings from Fusarium oxysporum infection.

PCR-Mediated Detection of Endophytic and Phytopathogenic Fungi from Needles of the Japanese Black Pine, <i>Pinus thunbergii</i>

A specific and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA sequences was developed to detect endophytic and phytopathogenic fungi from needles of the Japanese black pine, Pinus thunbergii. Sequences of the ITS regions of Lophodermium conigenum, Lecanosticta acicola, Pestalotiopsis neglecta, Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii, and Septorioides pini-thunbergii were compared, and each specific primer pair for these species was designed. First, the designed primer pairs were tested for their specificity to detect each species. A PCR product was amplified only each combination of species and its specific primer pair, confirming the specificity of the designed primer pairs. These primer pairs were also tested on DNA extracted from the needles of P. thunbergii. The PCR products were amplified not only in needles with lesions but also in healthy needles without symptoms. Furthermore, several endophytic and phytopathogenic fungi could be simultaneously detected from the same region in a needle. The PCR-mediated detection method developed in this study will be a valuable tool for the detection of the endophytic and phytopathogenic fungi, not only as a rapid diagnostic tool for early detection but also for monitoring variations in both the quality and quantity of the endophytic and phytopathogenic fungi in needles in Japanese black pines.

Isolation and Screening of Silicate Bacteria from Various Habitats for Biological Control of Phytopathogenic Fungi

Silicate solubilizing bacteria (SSB) can play an efficient role in soil by solubilizing insoluble forms of silicates. In addition to this some SSB can also solubilize potassium and phosphates, hence increasing soil fertility and enhancing plant defense mechanisms. A total of 111 bacterial strains were isolated from various habitats of Pakistan and screened for solubilization of silicate, phosphate and potassium on respective media. Out of these, 35 bacterial isolates were capable of solubilizing either silicate, phosphate or potassium. Amongst these 7 bacterial isolates were capable of solubilizing all three minerals tested. The highest silicate (zone diameter 54 mm) and phosphate solubilization (zone diameter 55 mm) was observed for bacterial isolate NR-2 while the highest potassium solubilization was observed for NE-4b (zone diameter 11 mm). Dual culture antagonistic assays were carried out by using these bacterial isolates against four plant pathogenic fungi Magnaporthae grisae, Rhizoctonia solani, Altarnaria alternata and Macrophomina pheasolina. Mean zone of inhibition of these bacterial isolates against the four pathogenic fungi ranged between 4 mm to 39 mm. The largest zone of inhibition against all four bacterial strains was recorded for bacterial isolate NR-2 followed by NE-4b. These strains will be further investigated for their plant growth promoting activities in the future.

Antiviral Effect of Ribonuclease from <i>Bacillus pumilus</i>against Phytopathogenic Rna-Viruses

Background: Viruses can cause different diseases in plants. To prevent viral infections, plants are treated with chemical compounds and antiviral agents. Chemical antiviral agents usually have narrow specificity, which limits their wide application. Alternative antiviral strategy is associated with the use of microbial enzymes, which are less toxic and are readily decomposed without accumulation of harmful substances. The aim of this work is to study the effect of Bacillus pumilus ribonuclease on various phytopathogenic viruses with specific focus on the ability of enzyme to eliminate them from plant explants in vitro. Materials and methods: Extracellular ribonuclease of B. pumilus is tested as an antiviral agent. To study the antiviral effect of RNase, depending on concentration and the time of application several plant-virus model systems are used. Virus detection is conducted by serological testing and RT-PCR. Results: Bacillus pumilus ribonuclease possesses antiviral activity against plant Rna-viruses RCMV (red clover mottle virus), PVX (Potato Virus X) and AMV (Alfalfa Mosaic Virus). The maximum inhibitory effect against actively replicating viruses is observed when plants are treated with the enzyme in the concentration of 100 ug/ml prior to infection. In case of local necrosis ribonuclease in the concentration of 1 ug/ml completely inhibits the development of RCMV virus on bean plants. The enzyme is able to penetrate plants and inhibit the development of viral infection, inhibiting effect for untreated surfaces decreased on average for 20%. It is also found that B. pumilus ribonuclease protects apical explants of sprouts of potato tubers from PVM and PVS viruses. Conclusion: B. pumilus ribonuclease possesses antiviral activity against plant Rna-viruses and produces viruses-free plants in the apical meristem culture.

Antifungal Activity of Oleoresin and Fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against Phytopathogens

Microorganism resistance to the existing products is yet another difficulty that agriculturalists have to deal with. In this context, the search for new agricultural products that can fight phytopathogens has become increasingly important. Plants have played an important role in this process, because they can serve as a source of new compounds for drug discovery. Plants belonging to the genus Pinus produce an oleoresin that protects the plant against herbivores and pathogens. With a view to developing products that can combat fungal pathogens without harming the environment, this work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oleoresins and fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against phytopathogens. The methodology based on NCCLS M38-A standards aided antifungal activity assessment. The microdilution method helped to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis afforded the most significant results—they displayed fungicidal activity against all the tested species. MIC values were promising, especially the MIC of the oleoresin of P. elliottii against S. rolfsii (1.95 μg·mL-1). The MIC values of the oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis ranged from 1.95 to 1000 μg·mL-1 and from 31.25 to 250 μg·mL-1, respectively. Fraction PT2 of P. tropicalis furnished the best results among all the assayed fractions: MIC values lay between 125 and 500 μg·mL-11. In conclusion, the oleoresin of P. tropicalis is a promising source of new antifungal agents for application in the treatment of phytopathogenic infections.

拮抗内生真菌非生物胁迫抗性及抑菌效果评价

为挖掘利用优良拮抗菌资源,选取前期初筛试验中对不同靶标菌表现有拮抗作用的菌株,进行复筛试验。测定了9株拮抗内生真菌在盐渍化、温度差异化逆境胁迫下,菌株的生长情况。结果表明,青霉属菌株1-R-6对6种靶标菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,表现出广谱性。离蠕孢属菌株2-Fr-8及棘壳孢属菌株12-R-5分别对玉米大斑病菌及灰葡萄孢菌有较强的抑制作用,抑菌率分别为50.79%和66.67%,具有潜在的生防潜力。蓝状菌属菌株11-R-10表现出较强的抗高温特性,40℃条件下,平皿测定菌落直径可达3.72 cm;4株内生真菌在4℃条件下缓慢生长,且镰刀菌属菌株16-FL-1的菌落直径也可达到1.06 cm。菌株16-FL-1在含盐量3%的平皿中菌丝生长与对照组无差异,且在12%的含盐平皿条件下菌落直径仍可达到2.66 cm,表现出较强的抗盐渍化能力。

菊苣叶内生真菌的分离及其抗植物病原菌活性分析

采用组织分离法从菊苣(Cichorium intybus Linn.)叶分离内生真菌,结合平板对峙法筛选对9种常见植物病原菌具有拮抗活性的内生真菌,联合形态学和分子生物学进行鉴定,并检测活性内生真菌发酵产物的抑菌效果。结果显示:从菊苣叶中分离得到24株内生真菌,筛选到1株对9种植物病原菌均有较好拮抗活性的内生真菌菌株CIY4,鉴定其为链格孢属(Alternaria Nees)的损毁链格孢(Alternaria destruens)。500μg·mL^(-1)的菌株CIY4发酵产物对水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani J.G.Kühn)的抑制率达到86.31%,其后依次为油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib.)(85.45%)、枸杞炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum acutatum J.H.Simmonds)(77.87%)、橡胶树炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.)(71.12%),对其他植物病原菌的抑制率低于70%。本研究首次分离筛选了菊苣叶中内生真菌菌株CIY4,该链格孢属真菌具有普遍抑制常见植物病原菌的作用。

Release of active oxygen from phytopathogenic bacteria and their regulation

Some phytopathogenic bacteria including Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （a rice leaf bacterial blight pathogen） and its virulent gene mutant XooM3105,Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Erwinia carotovora subsp, carotovora and so on, could release active oxygen such as O2 and H2O2 by themselves.Ca2+, NADPH and O2 concentration regulated the response. The response is sensitive to heat and proteinase. These results show that the component releasing active oxygen in the bacterial plant pathogen may involve special protein and enzyme and be secreted to culture liquid. Various components of rice tissue can significantly induce the release of active oxygen in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Reprogramming of phytopathogen transcriptome by a non-bactericidal pesticide residue alleviates its virulence in rice

Bacteria equipped with virulence systems based on highly bioactive small molecules can circumvent their host's defense mechanisms.Pathogens employing this strategy are currently threatening global rice production.In the present study,variations in the virulence of the highly destructive Barkholderiaplantarii were observed in different rice-producing regions.The environment-linked variation was not attributable to any known host-related or external factors.Co-occurrence analyses indicated a connection between reduced virulence and 5-Amino-l,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol(ATT),a non-bactericidal organic compound.ATT,which accumulates in rice plants during metabolization of specific agrochemicals,was found to reduce virulence factor secretion by B.plantarii up to 88.8%and inhibit pathogen virulence by hijacking an upstream signaling cascade.Detailed assessment of the newly discovered virulence inhibitor resulted in mechanistic insights into positive effects of ATT accumulation in plant tissues.Mechanisms of virulence alleviation were deciphered by integrating high-throughput data,gene knockout mutants,and molecular interaction assays.TroK,a histidine protein kinase in a two-component system that regulates virulence factor secretion,is likely the molecular target antagonized by ATT.Our findings provide novel insights into virulence modulation in an important plant-pathogen system that relies on the host's metabolic activity and subsequent signaling interference.

Design, synthesis and SAR study of novel sulfonylurea derivatives containing arylpyrimidine moieties as potential anti-phytopathogenic fungal agents

Acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) was considered as a promising target for antifungal agents.Herein,three series of novel sulfonylureas(SUs) 9-11 containing aromatic-substituted pyrimidines were designed and synthesized according to pharmacophore-combination and bioisosterism strategy.The in vitro fungicidal activities against ten phytopathogenic fungi indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited broad-spectrum and excellent fungicidal activities.Based on the preliminary fungicidal activities,a CoMFA model was constructed and the 3 D-QSAR analysis indicated that either a bulky group around the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring or electropositive group around the 2-position of the benzene ring would be favour to fungicidal activities.In order to study interaction mechanism,10 k was automatically docked into yeast AHAS and it further indicated that bearing bulky groups-aryl at the pyrimidine ring was critical to enhance antifungal activities.It revealed that the antifungal activity of derivatives 9-11 probably results from the inhibition of fungal AHAS.Thus,the present results strongly showed that SUs should be considered as lead compounds or model molecules to develop novel antiphyt o pathogenic fungal agents.

Discovery of cryptolepine derivatives as novel promising agents against phytopathogenic bacteria

To ensure the production of food crops,a series of cryptolepine derivatives were synthesised,after which their antibacterial activities and mechanism of action against three plant pathogens were investigated.Our bioassay results indicated that most of the target compounds displayed potent inhibitory effects against Xanthomonas oryzae(X.oryzae)and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri(X.axonopodis pv.c.).Remarkably,compound 9 exhibited the best in vitro antibacterial activity against X.oryzae,with a minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)value of 0.78μg·mL^(-1).Compound 2 exhibited the best in vitro antibacterial activity against X.axonopodis pv.c.,with an MIC value of 0.39μg·mL^(-1).These activities were superior to those of copper quinolate(MIC=6.25,25μg·mL^(-1))and thiodiazole copper(MIC=100,200μg·mL^(-1))against X.oryzae and X.axonopodis pv.c.In vivo experiments demonstrated the promising applicability of compound 9 for the control of rice bacterial infections.Furthermore,compound 9 was selected as a candidate to conduct preliminary analyses of the antibacterial mechanisms of cryptolepine derivatives.Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations,extracellular polysaccharide production,biofilm formation,transcriptomic,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses,and molecular docking assays were performed.Collectively,our findings demonstrated that compound 9 might act via multifarious mechanisms to down-regulate virulence factors and cause cell death.

石榕树中补骨脂素分离鉴定及其抗真菌活性

[目的]分离出石榕树中能够有效抑制植物病原真菌的活性单体化合物并探索其抗真菌活性。[方法]采用生物活性追踪和化学分离相结合的方法对石榕树甲醇提取物进行分离,运用质谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱并结合相关文献数据鉴定活性单体化合物。采用菌丝生长速率法测定活性单体化合物对7种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。[结果]石榕树(叶)甲醇提取物对甘蔗凤梨病菌具有良好抑菌活性,在10 mg·mL^(-1)浓度下,抑菌率为100%。在浓度为1.5 mg·mL^(-1)时,石榕树(叶)石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物和水层萃余物对甘蔗凤梨病菌的抑菌率分别为58.73%、100.00%、39.49%和6.63%。表明石榕树(叶)乙酸乙酯层萃取物对甘蔗凤梨病菌的抑制作用最高,其EC_(50)值为0.430 7 mg·mL^(-1)。石榕树(叶)乙酸乙酯层萃取物进行柱色谱分离后得到对甘蔗凤梨病菌有较高抑菌活性的是LMNO1bc1a活性组分,0.1 mg·mL^(-1)的LMNO1bc1a活性组分对甘蔗凤梨病菌的抑菌率为100.00%。LMNO1bc1a组分经结晶、重结晶纯化后命名为SRS-1,SRS-1经NMR和MS技术鉴定为补骨脂素(psoralen)。SRS-1对甘蔗凤梨病菌、甘蓝黑斑病菌、玉米大斑病菌、罗汉果白绢病菌、柑橘砂皮病菌、茶轮斑病菌、烟草黑胫病菌这7种植物病原真菌都有一定的抑菌活性,其EC_(50)值分别为0.018 2、0.038 8、0.040 9、0.051 2、0.080 7、0.092 7、0.115 4 mg·mL^(-1)。[结论]从石榕树中分离出抑菌活性单体化合物SRS-1,鉴定为补骨脂素,其对甘蔗凤梨病菌、甘蓝黑斑病菌、玉米大斑病菌、罗汉果白绢病菌、柑橘砂皮病菌、茶轮斑病菌、烟草黑胫病菌这7种植物病原真菌都有一定的抑菌活性。

Bioactive Compounds Recovery from Larrea tridentata by Green Ultrasound- Assisted Extraction

Postharvest losses remain a significant challenge,particularly in developing countries that have inadequate infra-structure.Medicinal plants offer an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for managing diseases and pests in agri-cultural systems.These plants are rich in bioactive compounds,such as alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,phenolics,and essential oils,many of which have proven antimicrobial,antifungal,insecticidal,and antioxidant properties.These characteristics make medicinal plants viable candidates for postharvest disease and pest control.Among these,Larrea tridentata(creosote bush)is particularly notable for its bioactive compounds with strong antifungal properties.Their potential applications include agriculture,food preservation,and medicine.This study aimed to evaluate how different solvent mixtures affect the efficiency of ultrasound-assisted extraction,total polyphenol content,antioxidant capacity,and antifungal activity of L.tridentata leaves and stems.Thefindings revealed that the 60%ethanol ultrasound-assisted extract of L.tridentata leaves(ULL 60%)contained the highest concentration of bioactive compounds,including hydrolysable tannins(690.2 mg GAE/100 g)and condensed tan-nins(329.9 mg CE/100 g).All extracts demonstrated notable antioxidant activity in ABTS,DPPH,and FRAP assays,with ethanol-based extracts showing greater antioxidant potential than their aqueous counterparts.In terms of antifungal efficacy,100%ethanol leaf extract exhibited the strongest inhibition against Fusarium oxyspor-um(60.03%),whereas 50%ethanol extract effectively inhibited Alternaria alternata(53.61%).Six major polyphe-nolic compounds were identified using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(RP-HPLC-ESI-MS).These include quercetin,luteolin,3,4-dihydrox-yphenylethanol,elenolic acid,nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA),and kaempferide.These compounds are known to have antibacterial,antifungal and antioxidant properties.Thesefindings underscore the potent fungi-static properties of L.tridentata leaf extracts against key phytopathogenic fungi,highlighting their potential as bioactive agents in the formulation of eco-friendly biopesticides.

α,β-不饱和羧酸苄酯的合成及其抑菌活性

研究采用药效基团融合策略,设计合成了25个α,β-不饱和羧酸苄酯化合物,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了其对6种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性,并对抑菌活性较强的化合物进行了小麦幼苗安全性试验。结果表明:大多数化合物对供试真菌表现出较高的抑制率,化合物B9和B16对所有供试真菌的抑制率都大于80%,B2对5种供试真菌的抑制率大于80%。选取抑菌活性较强的化合物B9进行小麦幼苗安全性试验,发现B9对小麦幼苗的生长没有明显影响,总体表现出较高的安全性。构效分析表明,苯环上引入卤素原子有利于提高化合物的抑菌活性。

以粪污水热资源化为核心的高效种养结合系统分析与展望

种养结合系统是实现养殖业和种植业可持续发展的重要途径。水热技术可以将畜禽粪污快速直接转化生产生物原油、水热炭、水相产物和气体产物,生成物分别具有燃料、土壤改良、农用杀菌剂和气体肥料应用潜力,以粪污水热资源化为核心构建的高效种养结合系统有助于提升畜禽粪污的无害化资源化水平和消纳能力、构建生态可持续的绿色循环农业,实现畜禽粪污资源化利用、种植业和养殖的协同高效发展。该研究基于国内外近十余年的研究,系统综述了粪污水热资源化产物在种养结合生态循环农业模式中的作用和应用潜力,论述了畜禽粪污水热转化生物原油在农业内燃机中作为燃料的研究现状,阐述了水相产物作为潜在的农用杀菌剂在作物病害防控中的作用,梳理了畜禽粪污源水热炭在转化机理、理化特性和还田应用中的研究进展,分析了气相产物中的组分和用于温室种植的潜力。在此基础上总结了以粪污水热资源化为核心的高效种养结合系统面临的主要挑战,并对水热资源化产物农业循环应用的研究方向进行展望。研究为畜禽粪污水热资源化和高效种养结合系统研究提供理论参考。

玉米苗枯病病原鉴定及其对戊唑醇的敏感性

为明确玉米苗枯病病原菌的种类、致病性及其对戊唑醇的敏感性,本研究以2021年采自山东省淄博市的玉米苗枯病植株为对象,对其进行病原菌分离、鉴定、致病性及对戊唑醇敏感性的测定。结果表明,从玉米苗枯病病株根部共分离到16株菌,经形态观察、序列比对及系统发育分析,鉴定出7株尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、4株F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种、2株假禾谷镰刀菌(F.pseudograminearum)、2株腐皮镰刀菌(F.solani)和1株三线镰刀菌(F.tricinctum)。致病性测定发现,尖孢镰刀菌、F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种和假禾谷镰刀菌均能引起玉米幼苗根部发病。对戊唑醇敏感性测定结果表明,16株菌株的EC50值最低为0.03μg/mL,最高为3.18μg/mL,有2株菌的EC50值高于0.30μg/mL。综上,山东省淄博市玉米苗枯病的优势病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌和F.incarnatum-equiseti复合种。同时,本研究检测到对戊唑醇敏感性降低的菌株,建议使用与戊唑醇复配的杀菌剂用于防治玉米苗枯病以延长戊唑醇的使用时间。

微生物除草剂的研究进展

杂草对农业生产构成了巨大的威胁,对农业经济带来了深远的影响。过度依赖化学除草剂的现象引发了大量的抗药性杂草种群出现,这不仅增加了除草剂的使用频率和用量,还会引发恶性循环。通过对现有文献和研究数据的分析,阐述了微生物除草剂的分类及其对目标杂草物种的生物除草活性和特异性。微生物除草剂凭借其延缓杂草产生耐药性、对生态环境影响较小、安全性高和资源充足等独特优势,有望满足可持续农业发展的需求。本文进一步分析了国内外微生物除草剂的发展现状及面临的限制因素,并展望其未来的发展方向和利用趋势。

菌毛在生防细菌定殖植物病原线虫中功能的研究进展

植物病原线虫对林业生产危害严重,缺乏有效的防控措施,已造成巨大的经济损失。生防细菌已被用于林木病原线虫的绿色防控,并已取得良好的防治效果。然而,生防细菌防控林木线虫病害的作用机制尚不明确,严重阻碍了防线虫微生物制剂的研发与高效应用。目前,已有大量的研究结果证实,生防细菌在线虫上的定殖能力与其杀线防病效果密切相关,且细菌菌毛在生防细菌于线虫宿主的定殖过程中发挥着重要功能。本文综述了革兰氏阴性细菌菌毛的种类以及菌毛在生防细菌定殖线虫中的功能,讨论了生防细菌菌毛对运动性、黏附性、生物膜形成等定殖相关生物学性状的影响,并对菌毛在细菌防控林木线虫病害中功能的研究与应用进行了展望。

N-芳基氨基甲酸苄酯的合成及抗真菌活性研究

为发现更多抗真菌药物分子,设计合成16种N-芳基氨基甲酸苄酯类目标化合物,并进行结构鉴定;以醚菌酯为阳性对照,采用菌丝线性生长速率法,测定目标化合物对常见的10种植物病原真菌的体外抑制活性,以及5种高抗菌活性的目标化合物对苹果轮纹病原菌和番茄早疫病原菌的毒力。结果发现,所有目标化合物对10种供试真菌都有不同程度的抑制活性,其中,化合物B11抗菌活性最高,对9种供试真菌的抑制率均超过80%,对马铃薯干腐病原菌的抑制率为98.1%,对番茄早疫病原菌的EC50为7.6μg/mL。构效关系研究表明,-F和-Me的引入有利于提高活性,是该类化合物的优势基团;-F和-Me的组合可大幅度提高活性,是优势基团叠加效应的结果。

葡萄酸腐病绿色防控技术

酸腐病是葡萄生产上为害较大的病害之一,是一种由真菌、细菌和果蝇共同为害形成的二次侵染性病害。本文总结了葡萄酸腐病的症状,分析了引起该病的主要病原菌,包括曲霉属、假丝酵母属、有孢汉逊酵母属、伊萨酵母属和醋酸杆菌属,以及该病害的主要传播介质黑腹果蝇、斑翅果蝇和叔白颜果蝇的生物学特性及其对酸腐病发生的影响,并集成了农业防治、物理防治、生物防治及化学防治绿色防控技术。在此基础上,分析了该病害的绿色防控策略路径,旨在为酸腐病绿色防控及葡萄绿色规范生产提供参考。