High sensitive piezoelectric quartz crystal liquid density sensor

We report for the first time a cleavage phenomenon in the resonant peak of a piezoelectric quartz crystal(PQC) in liquid phase.In the presence of a strong longitudinal wave effect,an additional resonant peak appears in the conductance-frequency curve.With gradually increasing liquid density,the additional peak moves from low to high frequency region then disappears.The frequency of the additional resonant peak is sensitive to the change in liquid density.The frequency shift of the additional peak is linear with the liquid density in a given range.For a 5 MHz PQC with a reflection distance of 16 mm for longitudinal wave,the sensitivity to liquid density is 2.61×10^6 Hz g^-1 cm^3.The overlap between the primary resonant peak and the additional resonant peak causes a decrease in the intensity of the former and an increase in the intensity of the latter.In a combined impedance analysis method,the changes in surface mass loading,density and viscosity of the liquid were monitored simultaneously by a PQC sensor.

Alkaline treatment kinetics of calcium phosphate by piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance

Calcium phosphate film was prepared by electrochemical deposition technology. Subsequently, the alkaline treatment process of calcium phosphate film in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was monitored on real time by the piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance （PQCI） technique. The variations of morphology and composition for the alkaline treatment products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）, respectively. The dynamic variations of calcium phosphate can be characterized by the change of equivalent circuit parameters. The results show that the forming process of hydroxyapatite （HA） is composed of three stages： （1） acidic calcium phosphate dissolution; （2） phase transformation; and （3） HA formation. Furthermore, the correlative kinetic equations and parameters are obtained by fitting the static capacitance （C8）-time curves.

In Situ Monitoring of the Generation of Monodisperse Silica Particles during the Hydrolysis of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate with Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Impedance Analyzer

The piezoelectric quartz crystal (PQC) impedance analyzer was used to monitor in situ the generation of monodisperse silica particles during the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and their adsorption onto an Au electrode in alcohol solutions containing water (6-15 mol/L) and ammonia (0 2-2 0 mol/L). The equivalent circuit parameters, the resonance frequencies and the half peak width values of the conductance spectra of the PQC resonance were obtained. The resonant frequency decreased notably while the motional resistance changed very slightly (within 1 Ω) during the hydrolysis reaction, suggesting that the mass effect do^minated the adsorption of generated monodisperse silica particles on the gold electrode in this system. Changes in f 0 indicated that the ammonia concentration affected the hydrolytic reaction obviously, and the influence of water concentration on the reaction was small while the water was significantly excessive. Kinetics of monodisperse silica particle adsorption occurring at the electrode|solution interface was analyzed using a first order reaction scheme. In addition, the electrolyte induced precipitation of the monodisperse silica particles was monitored and discussed. The mean size, the number of adsorbed particles per area and the converge of monodisperse silica particles were obtained from scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations.

Vibration analysis of a new polymer quartz piezoelectric crystal sensor for detecting characteristic materials of volatility liquid

We present a new polymer quartz piezoelectric crystal sensor that takes a quartz piezoelectric crystal as the basal material and a nanometer nonmetallic polymer thin film as the surface coating based on the principle of quartz crystal microbalance(QCM). The new sensor can be used to detect the characteristic materials of a volatile liquid. A mechanical model of the new sensor was built, whose structure was a thin circle plate composing of polytef/quartz piezoelectric/polytef. The mechanical model had a diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 170 μm. The vibration state of the model was simulated by software ANSYS after the physical parameters and the boundary condition of the new sensor were set. According to the results of experiments, we set up a frequency range from 9.995850 MHz to 9.997225 MHz, 17 kinds of frequencies and modes of vibration were obtained within this range. We found a special frequency fspof 9.996358 MHz. When the resonant frequency of the new sensor's mechanical model reached the special frequency, a special phenomenon occurred. In this case, the amplitude of the center point O on the mechanical model reached the maximum value. At the same time, the minimum absolute difference between the simulated frequency based on the ANSYS software and the experimental measured stable frequency was reached. The research showed that the design of the new polymer quartz piezoelectric crystal sensor perfectly conforms to the principle of QCM. A special frequency value fspwas found and subsequently became one of the most important parameters in the new sensor design.

New pattern recognition system in the e-nose for Chinese spirit identification

This paper presents a new pattern recognition system for Chinese spirit identification by using the polymer quartz piezoelectric crystal sensor based e-nose. The sensors are designed based on quartz crystal microbalance（QCM） principle,and they could capture different vibration frequency signal values for Chinese spirit identification. For each sensor in an8-channel sensor array, seven characteristic values of the original vibration frequency signal values, i.e., average value（A）,root-mean-square value（RMS）, shape factor value（S_f）, crest factor value（C_f）, impulse factor value（I_f）, clearance factor value（CL_f）, kurtosis factor value（K_v） are first extracted. Then the dimension of the characteristic values is reduced by the principle components analysis（PCA） method. Finally the back propagation（BP） neutral network algorithm is used to recognize Chinese spirits. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of six kinds of Chinese spirits is 93.33% and our proposed new pattern recognition system can identify Chinese spirits effectively.

Frequency characteristic of series piezoelectric sensor and application to the determination of water in organic solvents

Theoretical consideration was proposed for the frequency response of a series piezoelectric sensor to the properties of liquid and verified experimentally. This kind of sensor has sensitive and selective frequency response to the permittivity and specific conductivity of solution with excellent stability, and was applied to the determination of micro-content of water in organic solvents. The detection limit is 0.01 g/L in dioxane.