The main objective of this study is to evaluate the seasonal performance of 20 MW solar power plants in Senegal. The analysis revealed notable seasonal variations in the performance of all stations. The most significa...The main objective of this study is to evaluate the seasonal performance of 20 MW solar power plants in Senegal. The analysis revealed notable seasonal variations in the performance of all stations. The most significant yields are recorded in spring, autumn and winter, with values ranging from 5 to 7.51 kWh/kWp/day for the reference yield and 4.02 to 7.58 kWh/kWp/day for the final yield. These fluctuations are associated with intense solar activity during the dry season and clear skies, indicating peak production. Conversely, minimum values are recorded during the rainy season from June to September, with a final yield of 3.86 kWh/kW/day due to dust, clouds and high temperatures. The performance ratio analysis shows seasonal dynamics throughout the year with rates ranging from 77.40% to 95.79%, reinforcing reliability and optimal utilization of installed capacity. The results of the capacity factor vary significantly, with March, April, May, and sometimes October standing out as periods of optimal performance, with 16% for Kahone, 16% for Bokhol, 18% for Malicounda and 23% for Sakal. Total losses from solar power plants show similar seasonal trends standing out for high loss levels from June to July, reaching up to 3.35 kWh/kWp/day in June. However, using solar trackers at Sakal has increased production by up to 25%, demonstrating the operational stability of this innovative technology compared with the plants fixed panel. Finally, comparing these results with international studies confirms the outstanding efficiency of Senegalese solar power plants, other installations around the world.展开更多
目的探讨飞行员脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)整体相关危险因素。方法纳入2019年1月—2022年12月在空军特色医学中心住院经头颅核磁检查诊断为CSVD的飞行员72例为CSVD病例组,按照1:1的比例随机抽取头颅核磁检查无异...目的探讨飞行员脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)整体相关危险因素。方法纳入2019年1月—2022年12月在空军特色医学中心住院经头颅核磁检查诊断为CSVD的飞行员72例为CSVD病例组,按照1:1的比例随机抽取头颅核磁检查无异常的飞行员为对照组,比较2组飞行员脑血管病危险因素及飞行时间和机种的差异,并采用Logistic回归分析飞行员CSVD的独立危险因素。结果飞行员CSVD群体中脑白质高信号和血管周围间隙多见,并且存在多种影像分型联合的表现,CSVD病例组危险因素数量高于对照组,且总飞行时间和年飞行时间均高于对照组[1875.00(517.50,2975.00)h vs 1000.00(368.50,2200.00)h,P=0.027]、[126.83(104.55,153.35)h vs 115.77(90.50,136.46)h,P=0.021],CSVD病例组吸烟和高性能战斗机比例均高于对照组[22%vs 5.6%(χ^(2)=8.36,P=0.004)]、[29.2%vs 13.9%(χ^(2)=7.05,P=0.029)],Logistic回归分析显示吸烟史(OR=3.304,95%CI:1.172~9.317,P=0.024)、飞行机种(OR=4.607,95%CI:1.596~13.298,P=0.005)、年飞行时间(OR=2.699,95%CI:1.085~6.716,P=0.033)是飞行员的独立危险因素。结论飞行员患CSVD与吸烟、脑血管病危险因素数量、高性能战斗机及年飞行时间相关。展开更多
文摘The main objective of this study is to evaluate the seasonal performance of 20 MW solar power plants in Senegal. The analysis revealed notable seasonal variations in the performance of all stations. The most significant yields are recorded in spring, autumn and winter, with values ranging from 5 to 7.51 kWh/kWp/day for the reference yield and 4.02 to 7.58 kWh/kWp/day for the final yield. These fluctuations are associated with intense solar activity during the dry season and clear skies, indicating peak production. Conversely, minimum values are recorded during the rainy season from June to September, with a final yield of 3.86 kWh/kW/day due to dust, clouds and high temperatures. The performance ratio analysis shows seasonal dynamics throughout the year with rates ranging from 77.40% to 95.79%, reinforcing reliability and optimal utilization of installed capacity. The results of the capacity factor vary significantly, with March, April, May, and sometimes October standing out as periods of optimal performance, with 16% for Kahone, 16% for Bokhol, 18% for Malicounda and 23% for Sakal. Total losses from solar power plants show similar seasonal trends standing out for high loss levels from June to July, reaching up to 3.35 kWh/kWp/day in June. However, using solar trackers at Sakal has increased production by up to 25%, demonstrating the operational stability of this innovative technology compared with the plants fixed panel. Finally, comparing these results with international studies confirms the outstanding efficiency of Senegalese solar power plants, other installations around the world.
文摘目的探讨飞行员脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)整体相关危险因素。方法纳入2019年1月—2022年12月在空军特色医学中心住院经头颅核磁检查诊断为CSVD的飞行员72例为CSVD病例组,按照1:1的比例随机抽取头颅核磁检查无异常的飞行员为对照组,比较2组飞行员脑血管病危险因素及飞行时间和机种的差异,并采用Logistic回归分析飞行员CSVD的独立危险因素。结果飞行员CSVD群体中脑白质高信号和血管周围间隙多见,并且存在多种影像分型联合的表现,CSVD病例组危险因素数量高于对照组,且总飞行时间和年飞行时间均高于对照组[1875.00(517.50,2975.00)h vs 1000.00(368.50,2200.00)h,P=0.027]、[126.83(104.55,153.35)h vs 115.77(90.50,136.46)h,P=0.021],CSVD病例组吸烟和高性能战斗机比例均高于对照组[22%vs 5.6%(χ^(2)=8.36,P=0.004)]、[29.2%vs 13.9%(χ^(2)=7.05,P=0.029)],Logistic回归分析显示吸烟史(OR=3.304,95%CI:1.172~9.317,P=0.024)、飞行机种(OR=4.607,95%CI:1.596~13.298,P=0.005)、年飞行时间(OR=2.699,95%CI:1.085~6.716,P=0.033)是飞行员的独立危险因素。结论飞行员患CSVD与吸烟、脑血管病危险因素数量、高性能战斗机及年飞行时间相关。
