Discussion on the Application of Pipe Jacking Construction Technology in Municipal Road Drainage Projects

In the construction of municipal road drainage projects,pipe jacking construction is a relatively common construction method.This construction technology can avoid a large amount of excavation work,improve drainage construction efficiency,avoid large-scale damage to the road surface,and exert small traffic impact.Therefore,it is currently widely used in drainage construction,but judging from the current actual application situation,there are still many problems that require further improvement.This article mainly analyzes the advantages of and current technical problems in pipe jacking construction technology in detail,explores corresponding solutions,and lays a foundation for the optimization of municipal road drainage engineering construction.

Long-Distance Pipe Jacking in Complex Urban Geological Environment

A steel underground pipeline with a diameter of 2.4 m and a total length of 3,617 m(plate thickness of 26 mm)has been constructed in a city in central Hubei,and the engineering,procurement,and construction(EPC)project has been lifted from the upstream channel to supplement water to the downstream lake inside the city.Through preliminary geological survey data,site topographic and geomorphic survey,urban construction,as well as the requirements of the construction party,the preliminary arrangement of working wells and receiving wells as well as the selection and customization of pipe jacking machines have been proposed.Frequency conversion motor and remote monitoring technology are adopted for geotechnical change and long-distance pipe jacking.Through detailed survey,the rock and soil change section as well as gradual change conditions have been determined,the accuracy of construction mechanics calculation and construction operation control have improved,the basis and analysis basis are provided,and some experiences in construction operation are summarized.

Application of ANSYS 3D FEM in Studies of Surface Deformation Caused by Pipe Jacking

By using site observation data and establishing 3D model using ANSYS software, this paper has discussed the strain change of stratum stress during process of jacking-in and the impact of machine head on ground surface under different frontal resistances. Analysis of the two cases shows that soil pressure reaches its maximum point when the soil is right above machine head, and soil stress will gradually decline when machine head passes over it. It also shows that impact brought by pipe-jacking construction on stress change of the surrounding soil is limited. The thesis suggest that road surface should be consolidated and soil condition be improved before construction to prevent loss and disaster caused by road surface deformation, jacking force can be increased so that jacking efficiency can be enhanced when ground stratum is well filled with soil, but the frontal resistance facing machine head should be equal to surrounding soil pressure in order to avoid rise of ground surface.

Behavior of Surrounding Soil during Construction and Its Countermeasures Using Pipe Jacking Method in Deep Strata

In Japan when urban infrastructures need to be constructed, the difficulty of utilizing the ground or shallow strata will lead to a more frequent use of the deep strata. The common construction methods are open-cut, pipe jacking, and shield methods. In recent years, a new pipe jacking method has been established that can be adapted to 20 m below the ground or more. Using this method, the drivage machine and the jacking pipe continue to move an underground until the completion of the driving. Therefore an over-cutting area (so-called tail-void) must be formed to lower the friction between the ground and the pipe. The tail-void is filled with lubrications. However, because the stress release from the ground continues to advance when the tail-void is formed, hence there are some challenges required to cope with the stability of the surrounding ground. In order to utilize the pipe jacking method in the deeper strata layers, the theory, analysis and installation of tail-void have to be systemized, and such systematic data must be stored. Therefore, the conditions of tail-void in the deep pipe jacking method are discussed using numerical analyses.

World’s first implementation of close-fit pipe jacking of twin tunnels for construction of subway station--Innovation in equipment and construction technology

1 Project overview The Shasan station of Phase II of Shenzhen’s urban rail transit Line 12 is situated in Bao’an District,Shenzhen.It comprises a two-level underground island platform station,measuring 212 m in length,and 22.6 m in width,with an overburden thickness of about 7.0 m.Fig.1 illustrates the presence of a large underground reinforced concrete stormwater culvert,measuring 11.5 m by 3.6 m,traversing the station’s center.

大断面矩形顶管施工关键技术--以广州轨道交通番禺站为例

近年来,大断面矩形顶管技术在城市地下工程建设中备受关注,因其相较传统圆管顶管具有显著优势。本研究旨在探究在广州市轨道交通三号线东延段番禺客运站A、B号出入口工程中,覆盖层浅、地质条件差、管线间距小等复杂情况下,大断面矩形顶管施工所面临的挑战,并提出针对性的施工技术措施。通过综合考虑工程实际情况,本研究有效保障了工程进度,控制了地表沉降。本文量化分析了施工技术措施对地表沉降的影响,结果显示采用针对性的施工技术措施可将地表沉降控制在每平方米0.5毫米以内。通过应用先进的测量技术,在施工过程中对地表沉降进行了实时监测,并严格按照提前设定的阈值进行调控和管理,确保地表沉降控制在安全范围内。此外,还运用了优化的土体加固方法,有效减少了地表沉降对周边环境的影响。本研究的成果为类似工程提供了有益的实践经验和技术参考,有助于推动相关研究工作和工程应用的进一步发展,为城市地下工程建设提供了重要的指导和借鉴。

考虑管-土-浆相互作用的管段施工过程力学模型

顶管法应用广泛,为更准确控制顶进过程的顶力,假定注浆浆液为粘时变流体,将注浆过程分为初注和满注2个阶段,初注时采用柱形渗透扩散模型,满注时采用管土部分接触模型,提出了基于浆液扩散面积和渗流速度的浆液状态判断准则,建立了考虑管土浆相互作用的管段全过程力学模型。浆液满注时,基于粘性流体力学和管土部分接触模型,得到了管段不同接触面剪应力大小。在此基础上将浆液产生的浮力与管段自身重力比较,来确定管土浆共同工作模式下管段形态,得到不同形态下管段所处状态的力学模型。进一步的计算实例证明,其他参数已知的条件下,可以通过本文提出的管段全过程力学模型计算出管段的顶进阻力。与实测及其他文献计算结果对比可知,提出的计算模型能够实时准确反应管段所处工作状态且计算结果更为精确。

考虑管-土/泥浆接触状态的浅埋大断面矩形顶管隧道摩阻力计算方法研究

研究分析顶管-土体/泥浆的接触状态,进而结合全土柱地层压力理论和摩擦学理论,建立考虑管-土/泥浆接触状态的浅埋大断面矩形顶管隧道摩阻力计算方法,并开展工程实例验证与应用。研究结果表明:本文所建立的考虑管-土/泥浆接触状态的矩形顶管隧道摩擦力计算方法的理论计算结果与实测结果较吻合,该方法具有可靠性,可用于指导实际工程的设计与施工;受顶管姿态、泥浆套质量影响,顶管管壁接触存在完全管-泥浆、完全管-土和管-土/泥浆共存3种接触状态,在实际施工中,以管-土/泥浆共存接触状态为主;顶管顶进初期,受端头井地层加固及泥浆套形成质量等因素影响,界面接触模式应按管-土接触考虑,管壁摩阻力大;在富水地层中,泥浆套质量受地下水渗流作用影响显著,泥浆易稀释、流失,减阻效应减弱。

Union Jack晶格上混合自旋-1/2—自旋-S伊辛模型临界温度的自由费米近似解

考虑Union Jack晶格上各向异性二体耦合相互作用的混合自旋-1/2—自旋-S伊辛模型,运用自由费米近似方法对模型进行了求解,得到了模型临界温度的自由费米近似解.

Study on the pipe friction resistance in long-distance rock pipe jacking engineering

Previous studies on pipe friction resistance are mainly concentrated in the soil layer,whereas the study on that in the rock stratum is limited.To estimate the pipe friction resistance in the rock stratum,the calculation models of pipe friction resistance and their applica-tion conditions were compared first.Then the friction resistance calculation model for pipe jacking in the rock stratum was established and simplified.Lastly,the measured(FM)and the computed(FN)pipe friction resistance was compared to validate the simplified friction resistance calculation model.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The existing calculation methods of pipe friction resistance can be well verified in the soil layer but cannot be applied in the rock stratum.(2)Sediment,pipe–rock friction coefficient and mud buoyancy are the main factors affecting the pipe friction resistance in long-distance rock pipe jacking engineering.(3)The simplified calculation model established by Deng et al.can estimate the pipe friction resistance in different rock strata at different jacking stages with satisfac-tory outcomes.Further research on the pipe-rock friction coefficient in different rock strata with different pipe–rock contact conditions merits further investigation to better predict the pipe friction resistance in the rock stratum.The research results have certain practica-bility and can provide a reference for similar projects.

基于PCA-logistic回归分析的大直径曲线顶管中继间优化设计要素研究

为有效设计并优化顶管施工中继间布设位置,本文对影响大直径曲线顶管施工中继间设计合理性要素进行系统识别研究。利用数据挖掘技术对网络上的中继间设计案例进行收集,将收集来的21个要素并结合问卷调查,利用主成分分析法(principal component analysis, PCA)进行研究分析,识别出了顶力计算、经济成本与施工安全3个主要的设计要素层面,其贡献率分别为38.651%、25.471%与18.667%。最后利用二元logistic回归分析对3个主成分进行分析,其显著性水平分别为0.031、0.008与0.009。结果表明,主成分因子均对中继间设计优化设计合理性具有显著影响。此研究旨在科学地识别中继间优化设计要素,并针对性给出应对措施和对策,为类似项目顶管施工中继间设计提供理论基础与数据参考。

Dynamic prediction of moving trajectory in pipe jacking: GRU-based deep learning framework

The moving trajectory of the pipe-jacking machine(PJM),which primarily determines the end quality of jacked tunnels,must be controlled strictly during the entire jacking process.Developing prediction models to support drivers in performing rectifications in advance can effectively avoid considerable trajectory deviations from the designed jacking axis.Hence,a gated recurrent unit(GRU)-based deep learning framework is proposed herein to dynamically predict the moving trajectory of the PJM.In this framework,operational data are first extracted from a data acquisition system;subsequently,they are preprocessed and used to establish GRU-based multivariate multistep-ahead direct prediction models.To verify the performance of the proposed framework,a case study of a large pipe-jacking project in Shanghai and comparisons with other conventional models(i.e.,long short-term memory(LSTM)network and recurrent neural network(RNN))are conducted.In addition,the effects of the activation function and input time-step length on the prediction performance of the proposed framework are investigated and discussed.The results show that the proposed framework can dynamically and precisely predict the PJM moving trajectory during the pipe-jacking process,with a minimum mean absolute error and root mean squared error(RMSE)of 0.1904 and 0.5011 mm,respectively.The RMSE of the GRU-based models is lower than those of the LSTM-and RNN-based models by 21.46%and 46.40%at the maximum,respectively.The proposed framework is expected to provide an effective decision support for moving trajectory control and serve as a foundation for the application of deep learning in the automatic control of pipe jacking.

大截面矩形顶管施工对既有管线影响研究

顶管施工会扰动邻近建筑物,危及工程安全。该文以苏州市城北路综合管廊元和塘段顶管工程为背景,通过ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立三维模型,研究顶管下穿地下管线施工对管周土及既有管线影响,并基于极限分析方法探讨了管线失稳模式。结果表明:大直径矩形顶管顶进方向的影响范围约为2倍顶管宽度,两侧的影响范围约为1倍顶管宽度,地下管线到顶管轴线的水平距离为0.5倍~1倍顶管宽度时,应注意管线受到的水平方向附加荷载是否会导致管线破坏;管线与顶管相对位置对管线破坏影响较为显著,越靠近顶管的管线破坏越严重,滑移线由顶管两侧经由管线向地面发展,破坏部位由管线顶部两侧延伸至底部;除受与顶管相对位置影响外,管线破坏模式还受矩形顶管形状影响,管线顶部及靠近顶管顶角区域破坏风险最大。

顶管-灰岩异形接触面纯干摩擦试验

岩石顶管顶进初期管节-围岩接触面上无接触介质,对现场顶管摩阻力的影响尤为显著。为研究灰岩在混凝土顶管接触面上的磨损与摩擦系数的内在联系,揭示顶管在长周期顶进状态下摩阻力的变化规律,以在贵州地区广泛分布的灰岩为材料,利用岩石剪切流变试验机进行顶管-灰岩异形接触面纯干摩擦试验。结果表明:随着试验次数的增加,灰岩磨损区域的微凸体不断被剪断、磨平,微观上表现为总磨损质量、面积率的不断上升,宏观上体现为平均表面粗糙度下降带来的摩擦系数的逐渐降低,摩擦系数在前期下降较快、中期下降趋势放缓,后期趋于稳定;将不同滑动次数下得到的摩擦系数分别代入理论经验公式进行实时顶力预估与工程实际较为吻合。研究成果可为接触面微凸体摩擦磨损力学分析模型的建立和顶力预测提供参考。

矩形顶管临近地铁施工地表变形特性

伴随城市地下空间的利用与开发,对于矩形顶管工程的应用愈加广泛,为探究临近地铁隧道情况下,矩形顶管近距离施工时地表的变形规律,依托顶管工程,利用MIDAS-GTS-NX软件进行顶管施工全过程模拟,分析了各施工参数数值的改变对地表变形的影响。结果表明:(1)顶管顶进过程中,顶管机刀盘前方土体受挤压产生隆起变形,后方因地层损失以及出土卸荷而出现地表沉降,开挖面处地表隆起变形较大,地层扰动明显;(2)在一定范围内,增加掘进压力可以有效维持掌子面稳定,减小地表沉降,降低对周围建筑及临近地铁造成损害的风险;(3)增大注浆压力可以控制土体扰动,减小地表沉降,但本工程条件下,超过140 kPa会出现过度补偿作用,反而增加地表沉降;(4)摩阻力相对于掘进压力与注浆压力对地表变形的影响较小,但地表整体沉降反映出随摩阻力增大而增大的趋势。

反拉式顶管法施工联络通道对地铁盾构隧道力学性能影响

为探究采用反拉式顶管法施工盾构隧道联络通道过程中主隧道的力学响应机制,依托北京地铁某盾构区间,建立模拟联络通道施工过程的有限元模型,通过与现场监测数据对比验证模型的准确性。继而研究联络通道施工对主隧道管片间错台位移、特殊管片应力及变形、螺栓受力的影响,并分析反力模式对主隧道管片力学特性的影响。结果表明:1)始发管片破除对主隧道力学性能影响较大,随着联络通道进一步开挖,主隧道受力和变形缓慢增大。2)管片间最大错台位移为1.17 mm,发生在特殊管片与普通管片接缝底部。特殊管片最大拉应力为18.6 MPa,出现在开口的顶、底部;最大压应力为27.0 MPa,出现在开口的腰部;最大横向扩张位移和竖向收敛位移分别为2.13 mm和4.56 mm。主隧道管片环间螺栓最大拉应力为213 MPa。3)背推式反力模式更利于控制开口处的横、竖向位移,反拉式反力模式更利于控制开口对面管片应力变形及其接缝处错动位移。

软土地层双洞口顶管接收井下沉力学特性研究

相较于常规沉井,顶管接收井几何形式的差异对结构受力、变形的影响规律尚不明确,亟待对此展开深入研究。以武汉市某排水顶管工程矩形接收井为依托,对沉井结构受力及下沉姿态开展现场监测,并利用数值模拟进行了对比验证和拓展研究。结果表明:预设顶管接收洞口引起的结构局部刚度降低,会导致结构在初沉阶段受弯效应增强,从而使接收洞口附近的内层钢筋压应力减小并使钢筋转向受拉状态,并且在下沉后期加剧该处钢筋应力变化幅度;因沉井外壁摩阻力增大而产生的附加应力叠加弯矩作用,使结构内、外层纵向钢筋沿井壁厚度方向的内力分布不均。对软土地层进行土体加固,有利于提高顶管接收井结构稳定性和顶管机头接收精度。

泥水平衡顶管下穿运营铁路施工安全影响分析

结合某电厂至呼和浩特市长输供热管网工程泥水平衡顶管施工项目,采用数值模拟的方法,对顶管穿越段京包客专、京包铁路、呼王联络线路基及呼王联络线桥梁变形进行仿真分析,揭示泥水平衡套管下穿运营铁路施工对路基及桥梁的影响。结果表明:客专线路路用便梁和管棚加固、普速线路路基采用管棚加固、桥梁基础采用注浆防护后,既有运营铁路路基及桥梁的变形值均能满足铁路运营的安全要求,根据三种不同等级的铁路,所提出的三种加固设计方案均切实有效、可行。

下穿通道施工全过程对既有地铁隧道变形的影响

为研究下穿通道施工全过程对邻近既有地铁隧道的变形影响,以郑州市金水路(西三环至东四环)项目东明路行人非机动车下穿通道工程为背景,采用有限元软件Midas GTS建立三维数值模型,分析顶管及基坑施工过程对既有地铁隧道的变形影响;总结了新建下穿通道施工全过程对邻近既有地铁隧道的水平位移和沉降变化特征,并将模拟值与工程监测数据进行对比分析,验证数值模型的可靠性。结果表明:下穿通道工程施工全过程中诱发地铁1号线隧道的最大水平位移为0.52 mm,最大竖向位移为2.12 mm,既有地铁隧道的水平位移及竖向位移最大值均满足控制标准。本文研究成果可为类似工程的设计、施工和监测提供一定的参考和借鉴。