Experimental Investigation on the Dynamics of Pipes Conveying Fluid Based on Strain Gauge Test

Dynamical performance of pipes conveying fluid on board is of great importance to the reliability of machinery.The dynamic equation of a simply supported wet pipe conveying fluid is presented,taking structural damping of the pipe and viscidity of the fluid into consideration.And the equation is also solved by using Galerkin's method.Modal identifications based on strain gauge test are carried out on both dry pipes(without fluid in it) and wet pipes(pipes conveying fluid).It is concluded from the comparison of the results that both natural frequency and the damping ratio decrease as the pipe filled with fluid,but the mode shapes vary little.Variation of equivalent damping factor is also tested.Experimental results reveal that the equivalent damping factor of fluid and the damping ratio depend greatly on the initial deformation,and fluid induced damping decreases the universal damping ratio of the pipes conveying fluid.

Dynamic Strain Field Measurement and Mechanism Analysis of Blasting Descaling of Soot-Delivery Pipe

The dynamic strain field under the action of blasting load is measured by means of a super-dynamic strain system and a CS2092H dynamic measuring analysis system, and the relation between the peak valwe of strain and the quantity of explosive charge is obtained. And the authors probe into the mechanism of soot descaling of soot-delivery pipe under the action of blasting, and offer an effective method to clean soot in soot-delivery pipe. The study provides a theoretical basis for a further study on blasting descaling or soot-delivery pipe.

Strain analysis of buried steel pipelines across strike-slip faults

Existing analytical methods of buried steel pipelines subjected to active strike-slip faults depended on a number of simplifications.To study the failure mechanism more accurately,a refined strain analytical methodology was proposed,taking the nonlinear characteristics of soil-pipeline interaction and pipe steel into account.Based on the elastic-beam and beam-on-elastic-foundation theories,the position of pipe potential destruction and the strain and deformation distributions along the pipeline were derived.Compared with existing analytical methods and three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis,the maximum axial total strains of pipe from the analytical methodology presented are in good agreement with the finite element results at small and intermediate fault movements and become gradually more conservative at large fault displacements.The position of pipe potential failure and the deformation distribution along the pipeline are fairly consistent with the finite element results.

Ultimate Bending Capacity of Strain Hardening Steel Pipes

Based on Hencky＇s total strain theory of plasticity,ultimate bending capacity of steel pipes can be determined analytically assuming an elastic-linear strain hardening material,the simplified analytical solution is proposed as well.Good agreement is observed when ultimate bending capacities obtained from analytical solutions are compared with experimental results from full-size tests of steel pipes.Parametric study conducted as part of this paper indicates that the strain hardening effect has significant influence on the ultimate bending capacity of steel pipes.It is shown that pipe considering strain hardening yields higher bending capacity than that of pipe assumed as elastic-perfectly plastic material.Thus,the ignorance of strain hardening effect,as commonly assumed in current codes,may underestimate the ultimate bending capacity of steel pipes.The solutions proposed in this paper are applicable in the design of offshore/onshore steel pipes,supports of offshore platforms and other tubular structural steel members.

Elevated temperature strain softening characteristics of 12Cr1MoV steel friction welding pipe joints

The strain softening characteristics analysis of 12Cr1MoV streel friction welding pipe joints.which were removed from heating apparatus pipes ager over 9 and is yearly of service, was undertaken. It is concluded that the evident softening did not occur in the weld metal and HAZ during serice. whereas it did in the base metal 2mm apart from the center of the weld metal. The difference is due to the restriction of the pipe hoop, which is formed on the joint during friction welding. The bainite. microstructure in the weld metal and HA Z, which is harder than the pearlite, pecrostpucture in the base metal, makes contpibution too. ThIS phenomenon is peculiar to the friction weldings pipes.

一种新型液压导管应变测量装置设计与研究

针对飞行器液压导管应变测量环境复杂,传统有线测量设备传感器布置困难、引线多等问题,提出了一种新型液压导管应变测量方法。该方法基于频响函数法建立测量装置与导管的动力学模型,研究了两者之间的应变映射关系,设计了可拆卸式测量装置,实现传感器非接触测量导管应变;结合理论计算和有限元仿真,研究了测量装置对导管模态及应变的影响,优化了装置设计及相关尺寸参数;通过试验验证有限元仿真结果,检验了装置非接触测量液压导管应变方法的有效性。结果表明,测量装置对导管应变影响微弱,300 Hz以下应变重构相对平均偏差为6.2%,证明测量装置能够有效测得导管应变,该方法和装置有望解决复杂测量环境下飞行器液压导管应变的快速准确测量问题。

非均匀沉降区埋地管道力学响应研究

地层非均匀沉降是埋地管道面临的常见地质灾害之一,影响管道安全运行.为此建立地层沉降区管土耦合模型,研究了地层沉降量、管道壁厚、内压、管材对管道屈曲模式和力学性能的影响.结果表明:地层沉降作用下管道轴向拉伸应变和压缩应变集中在沉降过渡区;沉降量较小时管道表面应变呈波纹状分布,沉降较大时管道产生局部屈曲;相同工况下,薄壁管道易发生屈曲失效,厚壁管道出现波纹状应变分布;随着内压增大,管道屈曲程度逐渐减弱;高钢级管道的屈曲程度越小.

带扩大桩靴桩基施工挤土效应解析研究

提出新型带扩大桩靴预应力管桩基础.不同于均匀截面管桩的施工挤土效应,由于桩靴尺寸大于预制管桩桩身,桩端扩张不宜视作理想球体而更接近于扁球体(旋转椭球体).基于扁球体扩张源对新型带扩大桩靴桩基施工挤土位移场进行解析求解,基于圆孔扩张理论考虑桩周土塑性区域的体积变形,对扁球体扩张应变路径法计算结果进行修正.通过提出的解析解,研究带扩大桩靴桩基施工挤土效应.结果表明,桩周场地可以根据位移场分布规律,大致分为近地表、近桩端以及桩身附近3个区域.扩张源形态越“扁”,桩身附近区域水平“排开”效应略有增强,近地表区域地面“隆起”位移及近桩端区域竖向位移显著减小,这对于挤土桩施工而言是非常有益的.

国产B950CF与日本HT100水电用高强钢板成分、组织及力学性能比较

随着水电项目的高落差化、大容量化的发展需要,压力钢管趋于巨型化、厚肉化,为进一步降低制造成本,缩短制造工期,从钢板薄壁化、轻量化、高强韧化、焊接可施工性等角度考虑,1000MPa级水电用高强钢板研发及应用已迫在眉睫。本文详细对比分析了国产B950CF与日本HT100水电用高强钢板的成分特点和组织特征,系统对比了其拉伸、冲击、应变时效性能的差异。结果表明,国产B950CF钢板的各项力学性能水平与日本HT100钢板相当,在板厚方向拉伸性能均匀性、应变时效冲击敏感性优于日本HT100钢板,满足高水头、大容量水电项目压力钢管的设计使用要求。

基于蓝牙无线传输技术的液压导管应变测量系统

液压导管应变检测是保证液压系统安全可靠运行和判断系统结构健康状况的关键,针对有线应变测试设备存在的问题,设计了一套基于蓝牙无线传输技术的应变测量系统。系统设计遵循体积小、低功耗的原则,基于蓝牙低功耗、高信号质量的无线传输技术,根据一主多从模式架构设计了主从机电路,设计完成液压导管应变采集和无线通信等功能需求,另外设计配套数据传输与处理软件,在交互界面实现数据实时显示与分析。通过有线采集设备与无线测量系统的应变测量对比实验,证明本文设计的基于蓝牙无线传输技术的应变测量系统能够准确有效测得液压导管应变。

基于应变设计X80钢管性能关键影响因素分析及模拟评价

针对基于应变设计管线钢对应变容量的需求,阐述了材料的屈强比、应力比、屈服强度和抗拉强度、均匀延伸率、塑性各向异性等对钢管屈曲应变容量的影响,以及目前在管道材料方面的研究及取得的技术成果。以中石化新疆煤制气外输管道工程为例,对X80M钢级Φ1 219 mm×26.4 mm规格钢管采用数值模拟、性能测试等方法,建立了管道屈曲应变量与力学性能指标的关系式,并采用全尺寸弯曲试验对拟合结果进行了验证,从工程应用角度提出了基于应变设计X80钢管的各项性能指标。结果表明,该项目用管材最小应力比R_(t2.0)/R_(t1.0)为1.033,纵向屈服强度为530~630 MPa,纵向抗拉强度为625~770 MPa,最大屈强比为0.85,最小均匀延伸率为6%。

海上大直径超长钢管桩打桩贯入特性及竖向静载试验分析

针对海上大直径超长钢管桩承载力恢复时间长以及现场试验匮乏等问题,依托浙江省宁波舟山港六横公路大桥项目二期工程,对2.0m直径、113m长钢管桩进行初打和复打高应变测试以及静载测试,研究了大直径钢管桩沉桩贯入特性以及不同休止时间的承载力恢复特性。钢管桩沉桩后承载力存在显著的时间效应,沉桩6天后根据复打检测承载力恢复系数达到1.41,沉桩21天后根据轴向抗压试验承载力恢复系数达到2.22,比单桩设计极限值大22.15%。同时实测发现大直径钢管桩内外泥面高差较小,没有明显的土塞效应。该工程现场试验成果可为类似海上大直径钢管桩设计和施工提供技术参考。

软土地基处理中PHC管桩桩身及单桩承载力试验研究

为研究软土地基PHC管桩处理效果,结合某泵站工程,通过第三方检测公司对施工单位使用PHC管桩处理后的地基进行抽验。采用低应变反射波法进行PHC管桩桩长、桩身完整性检测,并进行复合地基单桩竖向抗压承载力试验研究,从而判断PHC管桩处理后泵站软土地基中的承载力大小是否满足要求。经第三方抽检,检测结果合格,单桩完整性及复合地检测结果可以直接为本次泵站设计施工及竣工验收提供技术方法和数据借鉴。

偏心载荷作用下弯管组合段局部屈曲失效分析

为研究弯管组合段在复杂载荷作用下的屈曲行为,提出1种基于远场应变评估管道稳定性的方法,利用数值模拟方法,建立偏心载荷作用下弯管组合段有限元模型,确定临界屈曲状态下管道的极限载荷及应变状态,并研究内压、壁厚以及载荷分布对弯管组合段极限承载能力与极限应变能力的影响。研究结果表明:内压增加或壁厚减少都会降低管道的极限承载能力,均布载荷增加与非均布载荷减少会增强管道抵抗屈曲能力;距离褶皱中心为0.21 D的远场应变可以作为管道临界屈曲应变,其极限压缩应变值为0.5%。研究结果可为复杂载荷下弯管组合段的稳定性评估提供参考。

高压旋喷注浆在预应力管桩桩身缺陷处理中的应用

预应力管桩广泛应用于各类工程建设中,但在实际工程中经常会因为地质、施工等因素造成桩身缺陷,缺陷的修复效果直接影响到后期的施工进度、施工成本等。通过几种预应力管桩修复手段的机理入手,结合实际预应力管桩修复工程案例,根据桩身缺陷修复前后试验结果对比,得出高压旋喷注浆对于预应力管桩桩身缺陷修复具有良好效果。

Strength differential effect and influence of strength criterion on burst pressure of thin-walled pipelines

In the framework of the finite deformation theory, the plastic collapse analysis of thin-walled pipes subjected to the internal pressure is conducted on the basis of the unified strength criterion （USC）. An analytical solution of the burst pressure for pipes with capped ends is derived, which includes the strength differential effect and takes the influence of strength criterion on the burst pressure into account. In addition, a USC- based analytical solution of the burst pressure for end-opened pipes under the internal pressure is obtained. By discussion, it is found that for the end-capped pipes, the influence of different yield criteria and the strength differential effect on the burst pressure are significant, while for the end-opened pipes, the burst pressure is independent of the specific form of the strength criterion and strength difference in tension and compression.

南宁盆地特殊地层静压随钻跟管桩适应性及单桩承载力特性研究

为了研究静压随钻跟管桩在南宁盆地特殊地层的适应性及单桩承载特性,对现场4根直径800mm的静压随钻跟管桩进行静载及低应变反射波法试验。研究结果表明:各地层中的试验桩承载力均能满足设计要求且均属于Ⅰ类桩,桩身回弹率较高,说明各试验桩仍具有较大的承载潜力;未进行破坏性试验时各地层中单桩承载力综合增强系数均大于1.00,以经验公式确定静压随钻跟管桩的单桩竖向承载力时应乘以相应的增强系数。基于以上研究,将静压随钻跟管桩工艺应用于实际工程,经验收检测表明,各项目受检基桩的桩身质量完好,承载力均满足设计要求,且仍具有一定的承载力富余量,良好的实际工程应用效果表明该工艺具有良好的适用性以及较高的推广使用价值。

HYDROFORMING OF BIMETALLIC LINED PIPE

A new hydroforming process for manufacturing corrosion-resistant-alloy(CRA)-lined pipe is proposed to overcome the disadvantages in existing technologies, and a new kindof hydraulic expansion device for bimetallic CRA-lined pipe has been researched and developed. Itsoperational principal and technical characteristic is also introduced. The stress and strain in theliner and outer pipe during the hydroforming process have been analyzed and the mechanism ofhydraulic expansion method is studied theoretically. The final forming pressure formula is suggestedand the theoretical analysis is verified by experimental investigation. The results indicate thatthe new technology is feasible and can be applied in industrial production.

Theoretical Assessment of Burst Failure of Internally Pressurized Defect-Free Pipelines with Plastic Anisotropy

In the framework of finite deformation theory, the burst failure analysis of end-opened defect-free pipes with plastic anisotropy under internal pressure is carried out. The analytical solutions of burst pressure and the corresponding equivalent stress and strain are obtained for thin-walled pipes, which can take into account the effects of material plastic anisotropy and strain hardening exponent. The influences of plastic anisotropy on the burst pressure and the corresponding equivalent stress and strain are discussed. It is shown that the burst pressure and the corresponding equivalent stress and strain are dependent upon the plastic anisotropy of material, and the degree of dependence is related to the strain hardening exponent of material. In addition, the effects of the strain hardening exponent on burst failure are investigated.

格栅管式双钢板组合剪力墙抗震性能的有限元分析

基于钢材延性损伤和混凝土三向约束的塑性损伤的有限元分析模型,进行格栅管式双钢板组合剪力墙抗震试验仿真分析,开展试验结果与有限元结果对比分析。研究表明:格栅管式双钢板墙三向约束管内混凝土,管内混凝土强度和延性大幅度提高;管内混凝土保护了外侧双钢板,避免了外侧双钢板受压屈曲破坏,二者协同工作,优势互补,其极限水平位移角为1/35左右。