A New Type of Li Deposit:Hydrothermal Crypto-Explosive Breccia Pipe Type

Lithium is one of the important strategic energy metals,which is in short supply in China.There are three major types of lithium deposits:brine and salt lake type,highly differentiated granite or pegmatite type,and carbonate-clay type.In recent years,some new types of lithium deposits have also begun to receive great attention and subject recent research.There are many crypto-explosive breccia pipe type deposits in the world,including copper,gold,lead,zinc,tungsten and tin deposits,but little is known about this type of lithium deposit.This paper introduces the latest research results of the Weilasituo Sn-Li-Rb polymetallic deposit in Inner Mongolia(NE China),which occurs in the middlesouthern section of the Great Xing’an Range metallogenic belt.A remarkable feature of this deposit is the coexistence of various mineralization types,including granite type Rb and Sn-Zn,hydrothermal crypto-explosive breccia pipe type Li-Rb,quartz vein type Sn-Zn and sulfide vein type Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization.Among them,hydrothermal crypto-explosive breccia pipe type Li-Rb deposit is currently very rare at home and abroad,which is likely a new type of rare metal deposit that worthy of our attention.This paper systematically summarizes the geology,alteration and mineralization,geochemistry,isotopes and geochronology of the Weilasituo deposit,and establishes a new petrogenic and metallogenic model.

Heat Transfer Properties and Chaotic Analysis of Parallel Type Pulsating Heat Pipe

The refrigerant mixture of ethanol aqueous was applied to the parallel type pulsating heat pipe (PHP). The operation characteristics of the PHP were analyzed by means of experiment and nonlinear chaotic theory. Moreover, the relationship between the running state and attractor was described. The results indicate that starting power, stable running power and dry burning transition power are about 64.08 W, 148.68 W and 234.0 W respectively. The cycle and amplitude of PHP initially decrease and then increase with the increasing power. However, the data are welldistributed in a certain range. The running state is in agreement with the attractors, and the changing process for attractors is as follows: the attractors first disperse in the whole phase space, then present mass status, and finally show band distribution.

Optimal design of the separate type heat pipe heat exchanger

Separate type heat pipe heat exchangers are often used for large-scale heat exchanging. The arrangement of such a heat exchanger conveniently allows heat input to and output from the heat exchanger at remote locations. The traditional method of designing an ordinary HPHE (heat pipe heat exchanger) is commonly applied in the separate type exchanger design, but the calculations have to be carried out separately, which makes it very complicated. In this work, the ε-NTU (effectiveness-Number of Transfer Units) method was applied for optimization analysis of single- or multi-level separate type heat pipe heat exchangers. An optimizing formula for single-level separate type heat pipe heat exchangers was obtained. The optimizing principles of effec- tiveness-NTU and heat transfer rate by the equal distribution method for multi-level separate type heat pipe heat exchanger are presented. The design of separate type heat pipe heat exchangers by the optimizing method is more convenient and faster than by the traditional method.

Effect of Pipe Diameter on Electrochemical Behavior of Stainless Steel Type 304 Pipes in Tap Water

We investigated the effects of pipe diameter on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel type 304 pipes using electrochemical measurements. Compared to plate steel, pipes have harder physical properties and tend to be harder and showed greater permeability with decreasing inner diameter. We found that the maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state, which is the starting point of secondary passivation, appeared in the polarization curve measurement in tap water. Similar to the Vickers hardness and the maximum current density in the secondary active state, the permeability tended to increase as the diameter decreased. This is thought to increase the amount of deformation-induced martensitic and increase corrosion susceptibility. The peak of the secondary active current density was clearly seen as the potential sweep speed was increased. In addition, potential sweep speed dependence was observed in the corrosion susceptibility evaluation of deformation-induced martensite. In comparison with acid treatment, the formation of deformation-induced martensite was considered to occur in the extreme surface layer. The maximum corrosion current density in the secondary active state is expected to be a new susceptibility evaluation method for evaluating the deformation-induced martensitic transformation.

Analysis of the quick corrosion of blast furnaces’gas pipes after the installation of dry-type de-dusting equipment and discussion about measures

Compared with the traditional wet-type de-dusting technology ,the dry-type de-dusting technology is considered to be environmentally friendly and energy-saving. However, the pipes carrying the de-dusted blast fiLrnace gas （BFG） tends to be corrosive more quickly and seriously. In order to investigate the reasons for the quick corrosion, the gas pipes and auxiliary bellows installed in Baosteel＇ s newly built BFG dry-type de-dusting system are studied. The corrosive properties of the condensed water, such as the pH value, are measured and analyzed. Meanwhile, various factors that may influence the corrosion rate of the pipes are studied by experiment. On the basis of the investigation and research, the causes of corrosion and leakage on the pipes are discovered. It is the process of dry de-dusting that is responsible ,to a large extent, for the quick corrosion of the pipes. The equipment of spray tower is introduced and its effects are then discussed. This tower is designed to eliminate most of chloridion and neutralized the acid by spraying the alkaline water to the dedusted gas flow. The practical operation shows that the tower helps to lessen the corrosiveness of the dry de-dusted gas effectively. The last part of this study analyzes the possible impacts of the dry-type de-dusting process of the newly built blast furnace （BF） on the main BFG piping which has been in the state of being corroded for years by estimating its potential corrosion rate, and some suggestions on maintenance are given as well.

双碳背景下场段设计与综合应用——以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例

地铁场段作为城市大宗用地、大宗能源消耗的大户,其在落实碳达峰、碳中和政策方面具有十分重要的作用。为探究场段响应并实施双碳政策的技术路径,进一步厘清双碳战略下场段可实施的具体技术措施及效果,以南宁地铁5号线那洪车辆基地为例,以区域规划诉求、环境融合、智慧智能发展为导向,采取统筹规划、提前策划等手段,全过程采用双碳设计解决措施实现场段低碳节能。通过分析场段,可采取绿色生态体系建立、节能减排设计、智能化设计3个方面实现场段低碳节能。运营实践后表明,实施系列化双碳解决措施后,场段在节水、节电、节省人工方面效果显著,减少折合碳排放约23%,为后续城市轨道交通低碳节能提供有效参考。

船闸单侧闸墙主廊道输水系统岔管水动力特性研究

船闸单侧闸墙主廊道输水系统具有结构简单、开挖量小、工程投资省等优点,在河谷狭窄、边坡陡峭等地形受限地区具有明显的技术优势,但工程应用难点之一在于如何保证廊道内断面流速的均匀性,避免出现严重的偏流、脱流现象。依托嘉陵江草街二线船闸工程,采用通用CFD软件FLUENT,对船闸单侧闸墙主廊道双阀门输水系统布置中的岔管水动力特性进行较为详细的研究,探讨岔管分岔角、墩头曲线形式以及外壁曲线形式对岔管水力特性的影响,提出外壁采用正弦曲线,内壁采用圆弧-直线-圆弧形曲线的单侧输水廊道阀门段岔管布置体形,可为类似工程设计提供参考。

内置钢管式塑料托盘注塑模具设计及承重仿真分析

针对内置钢管式塑料托盘,详细介绍了模具主要结构设计,包括浇注系统、成型零部件、侧向抽芯、顶出系统、冷却系统以及排气系统的设计,并绘制了模具结构总装图,阐述了模具工作原理。由于模具结构复杂为四面滑块抽芯结构,故对于天侧倒扣区域采用“大滑块+液压油缸”的单侧抽芯机构,操作侧、非操作侧倒扣区域采用“大滑块+液压油缸”的两侧抽芯机构,地侧倒扣区域采用“斜导柱+大滑块”的抽芯结构,内侧倒扣区域则是采用一种新型交叉辅助杆斜顶抽芯结构,从而解决托盘脱模困难问题。此外,利用有限元分析软件Abaqus模拟托盘在静载荷、动载荷(叉车搬运)状态下的受力情况。由分析结果可知,托盘在两种状态下最大应力均未超过材料的屈服强度,说明托盘强度能够满足使用要求。最终进行实际生产,结果表明,设计的模具结构合理,安全可靠,成型后的托盘质量好,能够为同类托盘的设计提供参考依据。

储气库Y型井口携砂采气临界冲蚀模拟研究

目的研究储气库携砂采气过程中储气库生产通道冲蚀磨损的主要影响因素及规律。方法在辽河油田双6储气库注采井管柱结构和生产工况条件下,开展室内冲蚀模拟实验和生产通道冲蚀数值模拟研究,通过数值分析,明确采气速度、生产压力、出砂速率、出砂粒径对管柱冲蚀速率的影响规律。结合临界冲蚀理论计算结果,设计适用于出砂工况条件下储气库生产通道临界冲蚀系数取值的图版。结果出砂速度、采气速度、生产压力在管柱冲蚀中起着主要作用,实验数据与预测结果的一致性较高,管柱最大冲蚀速率与日产气量的二次幂、井筒内压力的负二次幂、出砂速率的一次幂成正比。此外,管柱变径部位的冲蚀速率随着服役时间的延长呈下降趋势,最终与管壁的冲蚀速率基本保持在相同数量级。根据构建的临界冲蚀系数取值图版,在当前储气库出砂工况条件下,为了保证储气库满足服役年限,将临界冲蚀系数(C)取值为180,进一步考虑到储气库的最大产能情况,推荐C介于175~200之间。结论通过储气库管柱冲蚀的实验模拟和数值模拟研究,建立了储气库注采井管柱的冲蚀速率模型,构建了储气库注采管柱临界冲蚀系数设计图版,有利于工程技术人员准确判断实时生产工况条件下储气库注采管柱的生产工况负荷、服役安全工况条件等,可以提供关键的实时性、安全性基础数据。

小直径薄壁钢制管道用B型套筒尺寸优化研究

针对小直径薄壁钢制管道用B型套筒修复过程中,出现标准要求不一致、套筒几何尺寸不合理、角焊缝处应力集中导致延迟开裂等问题,以外径273 mm、钢级L245的钢管为研究对象,建立B型套筒与钢管的有限元模型,分析B型套筒的长度、厚度、焊缝形式以及安装间隙对套筒角焊缝应力的影响。结果表明,在采用B型套筒修复钢管时,在地质稳定区,套筒壁厚不小于11.3 mm,对于地质不稳定区,套筒壁厚应为11.3~17 mm;通过控制角焊缝宽度为焊缝高度的1.5倍,可有效降低角焊缝处的应力,从而降低套筒角焊缝处开裂的几率;在安装B型套筒时,将安装间隙控制在1~4 mm范围内,可有效避免钢管几何偏差、焊接工作量等对套筒安装和焊缝应力的影响。

老旧燃气管网常见安全隐患及解决办法

为确保燃气安全和居民用气的稳定,必须深入了解老旧燃气管道常见的安全隐患。经过详细的调查和评估,可以发现老旧燃气管道容易受到多种因素的影响,如燃气泄漏、爆炸和火灾、燃气中毒、燃气管道腐蚀等。为了有效地解决这些问题,需要积极采取措施,如引进先进技术、制订完善预案、设置安全警示牌等。通过上述这些措施,消除老旧燃气管道的安全隐患,同时也要做到防患于未然,只有这样才能确保居民用气的安全和稳定。

建筑工程高大模板扣件式钢管支撑体系施工技术

本文旨在深入探讨建筑工程中扣件式钢管高大模板支撑体系的施工技术。在支撑体系设计部分,本文基于工程实践和理论研究,详细讨论了设计依据、支撑体系的结构设计以及扣件、梁底模和抗滑移的计算方法,并详述了支撑体系的搭建过程,包括支撑体系的支撑搭设、模板施工,以及支撑体系在楼面施工中的应用。最后,文中还对支撑体系的拆除过程进行了详细说明,强调了拆除顺序、方法及其对工程安全和效率的重要性。

老旧城区排水管道地箭式微顶管技术应用研究——以武汉市老城区改造为例

以武汉市历史风貌区老旧城区排水改造工程为背景,对复杂地质下地箭式微型顶管施工进行分析研究,介绍了微型顶管技术的工艺原理,重点阐述了微型顶管技术在城市排水改造工程中的施工工艺及控制措施,提出了高压旋喷桩止水帷幕+洞口橡胶止水装置以及触变泥浆智能注浆系统对流沙、涌泥的防治方法,切实解决了传统开槽法排水管道施工的不足,为类似工程施工提供借鉴。

一种新型液压导管应变测量装置设计与研究

针对飞行器液压导管应变测量环境复杂,传统有线测量设备传感器布置困难、引线多等问题,提出了一种新型液压导管应变测量方法。该方法基于频响函数法建立测量装置与导管的动力学模型,研究了两者之间的应变映射关系,设计了可拆卸式测量装置,实现传感器非接触测量导管应变;结合理论计算和有限元仿真,研究了测量装置对导管模态及应变的影响,优化了装置设计及相关尺寸参数;通过试验验证有限元仿真结果,检验了装置非接触测量液压导管应变方法的有效性。结果表明,测量装置对导管应变影响微弱,300 Hz以下应变重构相对平均偏差为6.2%,证明测量装置能够有效测得导管应变,该方法和装置有望解决复杂测量环境下飞行器液压导管应变的快速准确测量问题。

乏燃料池热管式被动散热系统开发研究

乏燃料池的长期有效冷却是核电站安全运行的重要一环,目前广泛使用的主动冷却方式在极端条件下存在安全隐患。基于分离式热管技术,对可应用于乏燃料池被动散热的热管换热器进行开发研究,提出工程应用结构方案,通过理论分析和数值模拟分析其可行性,并在冷侧自然对流条件下对换热器热管单元样机进行试验研究,结果表明:充液量对热管传热性能及温度分布有显著影响,热管存在最佳充液量;池内水流速的变化一定程度上影响热管冷凝段的温度分布;热管单元可有效控制乏燃料池水温,证明被动散热系统可满足乏燃料池长期被动散热的要求。

倒U型自支撑管系稳定性分析

为探究倒U型自支撑管系在施工和运行条件下的稳定性能,采用非线性有限元计算方法研究施工偏差、施工外力、水压试验和管系内压因素对其稳定性的影响。计算结果表明:施工偏差、施工外力、水压试验都会降低倒U型自支撑管系稳定性能,管系内压对其稳定性能有利。倒U型自支撑管系对施工的初始倾斜偏差较为敏感,缺陷值为1/1000时,稳定安全系数仅降低0.8%,而当缺陷值达到4/135时,稳定安全系数降低了24.6%。施工水平外力和垂直外力的极限荷载计算荷载分别为339 N和1339 N,在施工过程中须格外注意。水压试验使其稳定性明显降低,将导致管系存在稳定安全风险,故而须给予管系足够的外部支撑,保证其平面外稳定。

卡套式管接头旋转挠曲试验受力仿真分析

文中针对卡套式管接头在使用时受到不规则摆动导致泄漏的问题,进行了旋转挠曲试验及受力仿真分析。参照ASTM F1387—1999(2012)标准中旋转挠曲试验方法,对1/4OD″的卡套式管接头施加不同抗拉强度旋转至100多万次,致其发生泄漏,随后采用无损荧光渗透和金相显微镜检测的方法,对泄漏的卡套式管接头进行宏观分析,发现裂纹泄漏位置集中在前卡套前端与管件咬合处。利用ANSYS软件进行仿真分析,发现卡套式管接头集中受力区与实际旋转挠曲试验中泄漏位置基本一致。因此,在使用中应注意观察卡套式管接头的前卡套前端与管件咬合处是否存在泄漏,避免产生安全隐患。

上海某市政道路污水管道设计的主要节点分析

市政道路污水管道设计一般基于当地已经批准的城市污水规划。随着城市的发展,市政道路下各类公用管线云集,在实际设计过程中,难免会遇到管线交叉、新老管道衔接等问题。为研究此类问题的解决方法,以上海市某市政道路污水管道设计为例,通过比较污水管道施工工艺、与华东路和川沙路污水管道衔接方案的优劣,确定了经济合理的解决方案,以期为今后类似项目的设计提供借鉴与参考。

外海钢壳沉管隧道接头防腐施工技术研究与应用

深中通道于国内首次大规模采用了钢壳混凝土形式沉管,其施工工艺、质量控制重点不同于传统钢筋混凝土沉管,在海洋环境影响下,钢壳的防腐施工是保证钢壳沉管主体耐久性的关键之一。沉管前后端因施工过程中多种影响因素限制,沉管内部对接处的前后4 m范围为沉管防腐涂层易损区域,为保障沉管的防腐性能,需于沉管内相关前置工序完成后进行二次修复补涂。较陆地厂内涂装,二次涂装面临着高温高湿以及施工频繁交叉的作业环境,针对上述条件,在厂内防腐施工基础上改进了施工工艺及施工机具的配合方式,经现场实践证明,施工质量及效率均取得良好成效。