Linguistic landscape and its impacts on place-making in mountain destination:A case of Mogan Mountain Town of Huzhou City,China

The place and placeness are believed to be a crucial perspective for comprehending the transformative dynamics of tourist destinations in the context of globalization and the rapid development of the tourism industry.As the material carrier of language,linguistic landscape is an intermediary for people to endow emotions and personalities into the place,becoming an effective path for exploring the place-making in a certain area.Mogan Mountain is a famous national tourist resort,which is located in Mogan Mountain Town,Deqing County,Huzhou City,China.This is a good case area for studying the relationship between linguistic landscape and placemaking in tourist destinations.There are two theories that form the theoretical foundation of the study,namely the place and the geosemiotics.Firstly,the results showed the overall style of the linguistic landscape.Multilingual labelling(52.7%),official signs(55.3%),and standardized Chinese characters predominantly shaped the linguistic landscape,with English and other languages being complementary.Secondly,from the perspective of three dimensions of the geosemiotics framework,such as inscription,language preference,and placement position,we conduct a comprehensive semiotic analysis of the linguistic landscape,which encompasses diverse facets such as fonts,materials,shifts in state,text vectors,and symmetrical arrangements.Finally,we explore the influence of linguistic landscapes on the place-making of Mogan Mountain through the dimensions of location,locale,and sense of place.The information on linguistic landscapes indicates the geographical location.These linguistic landscapes play an important role in constructing the language order,nostalgic atmosphere,exotic atmosphere,and elegant and tasteful lifestyle of the public space in Mogan Mountain.Readers of linguistic landscapes,including tourists and residents,generate and identify with the unique sense of place in Mogan Mountain.These linguistic landscapes construct the destination placeness of Mogan Mountain that combines both foreign and nostalgic styles,and the integration of Chinese and Western cultures.It will help promote the image positioning of tourism destinations and have practical guiding significance for the tourism planning,landscape-making,language management,and other aspects of tourism destinations.

SOME EMPIRICAL EXAMPLES OF CENTRAL PLACE MODEL IN CHINA'S RURAL AND URBAN STUDIES

At the beginning of the 1980s, the Central Place Theory(CPT) was introduced into China from the West. The authors of this article are the initiators of applying this model to China's urban and regional planning as well as to the allocation of commercial activities. Since the commodity economy has been developing in China for thousands of years,most of the areas in eastern plains and inland basins of the country show the spatial structure of typical central places scene. During some six years, the authors participatd in a lot of rural, urban and regional planning projects in which the spatial phenomena and relevant internal mechanism proved this medel and its deformation. This paper gives only a few examples of the application of CPT in China. 1. The distribution of rural markets: the empirical study is based mainly on the situation in Shengfang Town and its vicinal area, 2. The spatial combination of urban Systems; problems about city allocation in North China are emphasized, 3. Commercial centres in city and the networks: a crucial study on commercial distribution of the metropolis Beijing is done by using the central place model.

Architectural Space of Kizil Grottoes Based on the Spirit of Place

As a Buddhist architecture,Kizil Grottoes have important spiritual and cultural value because of its religious spiritual attribute and its growth in a special geographical environment and historical and cultural background.By using the methods of literature collection and field investigation,and taking the place spirit as the theoretical guidance,this paper studies and discusses the architectural layout,spatial form and functional function of different types of caves,and seeks the correlation between architectural material form and consciousness spirit,thereby expounding the place spirit of spatial identity and cultural belonging contained in Buddhist architecture of Kizil Grottoes.

URBAN GROWTH, TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND COMMERCIALNETWORK OF BEIJING

In this afticle, three uopt problems on the developlnent and plabong of Beijing metropolis are expounded (1) Having analyzed the process of urbanlzation dunng 45 years, the autihor divides it into three Stages :city expansion, qrban sprawl and fonmation of centnpotal urban nngr. Then a rank-number-size law is pLif fotward to predict the development and allocation of satellite towns (2) Having looked back on the change of urban transpoftation nforork, the atlthor points out its merits and demerits.According to the increases of traffic flow, improving measures for the urban road systems are demonstrated. (3) Having reviewed the llistory of commercial distnbution and referred to previous lnodels, the author roprds the spatial structure of business as a combined network from central place and idealized stnucture of lnetropolitan area. The trade and service orgaluzation in n1ain urban area and peripheral zone can be planned with defferent ways. The atlthor predicts a rational network of commerce and service of Beijing with a strong BCD Which is accepted by some trade authorities