This paper introduces a groundbreaking metaheuristic algorithm named Magnificent Frigatebird Optimization(MFO),inspired by the unique behaviors observed in magnificent frigatebirds in their natural habitats.The founda...This paper introduces a groundbreaking metaheuristic algorithm named Magnificent Frigatebird Optimization(MFO),inspired by the unique behaviors observed in magnificent frigatebirds in their natural habitats.The foundation of MFO is based on the kleptoparasitic behavior of these birds,where they steal prey from other seabirds.In this process,a magnificent frigatebird targets a food-carrying seabird,aggressively pecking at it until the seabird drops its prey.The frigatebird then swiftly dives to capture the abandoned prey before it falls into the water.The theoretical framework of MFO is thoroughly detailed and mathematically represented,mimicking the frigatebird’s kleptoparasitic behavior in two distinct phases:exploration and exploitation.During the exploration phase,the algorithm searches for new potential solutions across a broad area,akin to the frigatebird scouting for vulnerable seabirds.In the exploitation phase,the algorithm fine-tunes the solutions,similar to the frigatebird focusing on a single target to secure its meal.To evaluate MFO’s performance,the algorithm is tested on twenty-three standard benchmark functions,including unimodal,high-dimensional multimodal,and fixed-dimensional multimodal types.The results from these evaluations highlight MFO’s proficiency in balancing exploration and exploitation throughout the optimization process.Comparative studies with twelve well-known metaheuristic algo-rithms demonstrate that MFO consistently achieves superior optimization results,outperforming its competitors across various metrics.In addition,the implementation of MFO on four engineering design problems shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach in handling real-world applications,thereby validating its practical utility and robustness.展开更多
Nest sanitation is a ubiquitous behavior in birds and functions to remove foreign objects that accidentally have fallen into their nests. In avian brood parasitism, the host’s ability to recognize and reject parasiti...Nest sanitation is a ubiquitous behavior in birds and functions to remove foreign objects that accidentally have fallen into their nests. In avian brood parasitism, the host’s ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs is a specific anti-parasitic behavior. Previous studies have shown that egg recognition may have evolved from nest sanitation behavior;however, few studies have offered evidence in support of this hypothesis. In the current study, we added one real white egg and one model egg to the nests of common tailorbirds (Orthotomus sutorius), the main host of plaintive cuckoos (Cacomantis merulinus), to explore the relationship between egg recognition ability in hosts and nest sanitation behavior. Results showed that common tailorbirds rejected both non-mimetic blue model eggs and mimetic white model eggs at a similar rate of 100%, but only rejected 16.1% of mimetic real white eggs. The egg rejection behavior of common tailorbirds towards both real and model eggs was consistent. However, when both blue model eggs and real white eggs were simultaneously added to their nests, the probability of rejecting the mimetic real white egg increased to 50%. The addition of blue model eggs not only increased the occurrence of nest sanitation behavior but also increased the ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs. This suggests that nest sanitation may facilitate egg rejection in common tailorbird hosts.展开更多
The Plaintive Cuckoo(Cacomantis merulinus) is a widespread brood parasite in Asia, but no data on host species utilization in Bangladesh exist. By searching for nests of all possible host species of the Plaintive Cuck...The Plaintive Cuckoo(Cacomantis merulinus) is a widespread brood parasite in Asia, but no data on host species utilization in Bangladesh exist. By searching for nests of all possible host species of the Plaintive Cuckoo at Jahangirnagar university campus, north of Dhaka, we were able to determine which hosts were used in this area. We found that the Common Tailorbird(Orthotomus sutorius) was the only potential host used by Plaintive Cuckoos, and parasitism rate was rather high(31.3 %, n = 16). However, both host and cuckoo breeding success was poor(0 %, n = 16) due to frequent nest predation. Details on host and cuckoo egg appearance are provided. Our findings indicate that Common Tailorbirds are common hosts of the Plaintive Cuckoo in Central Bangladesh.展开更多
This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable characte...This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable character. In the introduction, the author reviews the critical history of The Siege of Rhodes （1661）. The section ＂The Siege＂ is concerned with the Sultan＇s attitude to war and his behavior towards his foes, which is marked by ambition and valor. In the section ＂Victory＂, the author traces Solyman＇s generosity and mercy towards the defeated Rhodians. Ianthe and Alphonso dominate the ＂Characters＂ sections, which reveal how both characters play a central role in stressing Solyman＇s honorable conduct in war and peace. The dramatic centre of the play, as highlighted by the author, is Solyman＇s honorable character. With such dramatization Davenant departs from the conventional presentation of Turks as moral and political transgressors.展开更多
The Yangtze 6,300 kilometres long, covering an area of 1.80 million square kilometres and with a yearly flow of about 960 billion cubic metres, is the longest river in China. It ranks third in the world in length and ...The Yangtze 6,300 kilometres long, covering an area of 1.80 million square kilometres and with a yearly flow of about 960 billion cubic metres, is the longest river in China. It ranks third in the world in length and annual average flow. The world famous Three展开更多
基金This research is funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan(Grant No.AP19674517).
文摘This paper introduces a groundbreaking metaheuristic algorithm named Magnificent Frigatebird Optimization(MFO),inspired by the unique behaviors observed in magnificent frigatebirds in their natural habitats.The foundation of MFO is based on the kleptoparasitic behavior of these birds,where they steal prey from other seabirds.In this process,a magnificent frigatebird targets a food-carrying seabird,aggressively pecking at it until the seabird drops its prey.The frigatebird then swiftly dives to capture the abandoned prey before it falls into the water.The theoretical framework of MFO is thoroughly detailed and mathematically represented,mimicking the frigatebird’s kleptoparasitic behavior in two distinct phases:exploration and exploitation.During the exploration phase,the algorithm searches for new potential solutions across a broad area,akin to the frigatebird scouting for vulnerable seabirds.In the exploitation phase,the algorithm fine-tunes the solutions,similar to the frigatebird focusing on a single target to secure its meal.To evaluate MFO’s performance,the algorithm is tested on twenty-three standard benchmark functions,including unimodal,high-dimensional multimodal,and fixed-dimensional multimodal types.The results from these evaluations highlight MFO’s proficiency in balancing exploration and exploitation throughout the optimization process.Comparative studies with twelve well-known metaheuristic algo-rithms demonstrate that MFO consistently achieves superior optimization results,outperforming its competitors across various metrics.In addition,the implementation of MFO on four engineering design problems shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach in handling real-world applications,thereby validating its practical utility and robustness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672303 to C.C.Y.,and 31472013,31772453 and 31970427 to W.L.)
文摘Nest sanitation is a ubiquitous behavior in birds and functions to remove foreign objects that accidentally have fallen into their nests. In avian brood parasitism, the host’s ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs is a specific anti-parasitic behavior. Previous studies have shown that egg recognition may have evolved from nest sanitation behavior;however, few studies have offered evidence in support of this hypothesis. In the current study, we added one real white egg and one model egg to the nests of common tailorbirds (Orthotomus sutorius), the main host of plaintive cuckoos (Cacomantis merulinus), to explore the relationship between egg recognition ability in hosts and nest sanitation behavior. Results showed that common tailorbirds rejected both non-mimetic blue model eggs and mimetic white model eggs at a similar rate of 100%, but only rejected 16.1% of mimetic real white eggs. The egg rejection behavior of common tailorbirds towards both real and model eggs was consistent. However, when both blue model eggs and real white eggs were simultaneously added to their nests, the probability of rejecting the mimetic real white egg increased to 50%. The addition of blue model eggs not only increased the occurrence of nest sanitation behavior but also increased the ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs. This suggests that nest sanitation may facilitate egg rejection in common tailorbird hosts.
基金supported by a grant through‘Quota Scheme’at Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)
文摘The Plaintive Cuckoo(Cacomantis merulinus) is a widespread brood parasite in Asia, but no data on host species utilization in Bangladesh exist. By searching for nests of all possible host species of the Plaintive Cuckoo at Jahangirnagar university campus, north of Dhaka, we were able to determine which hosts were used in this area. We found that the Common Tailorbird(Orthotomus sutorius) was the only potential host used by Plaintive Cuckoos, and parasitism rate was rather high(31.3 %, n = 16). However, both host and cuckoo breeding success was poor(0 %, n = 16) due to frequent nest predation. Details on host and cuckoo egg appearance are provided. Our findings indicate that Common Tailorbirds are common hosts of the Plaintive Cuckoo in Central Bangladesh.
文摘This study is concerned with William Davenant＇s dramatization of Solyman the Magnificent as an ideal man of war and peace. The structure of the play and characters are designed to reveal Solyman＇s honorable character. In the introduction, the author reviews the critical history of The Siege of Rhodes （1661）. The section ＂The Siege＂ is concerned with the Sultan＇s attitude to war and his behavior towards his foes, which is marked by ambition and valor. In the section ＂Victory＂, the author traces Solyman＇s generosity and mercy towards the defeated Rhodians. Ianthe and Alphonso dominate the ＂Characters＂ sections, which reveal how both characters play a central role in stressing Solyman＇s honorable conduct in war and peace. The dramatic centre of the play, as highlighted by the author, is Solyman＇s honorable character. With such dramatization Davenant departs from the conventional presentation of Turks as moral and political transgressors.
文摘The Yangtze 6,300 kilometres long, covering an area of 1.80 million square kilometres and with a yearly flow of about 960 billion cubic metres, is the longest river in China. It ranks third in the world in length and annual average flow. The world famous Three
