Practice and Thinking on Current Planning Environmental Impact Assessment of Transmission and Transformation Power Grid in Jiangsu Province

The planning environmental impact assessment （EIA） of transmission and transformation power grid at levels of 500 and 220 kV had been finished completely in the 13 municipalities of Jiangsu Province by the end of 2012, which played important roles in guiding and planning the following transmission and transformation projects in environmental protection. In this paper, through the detail analysis on the objective and significance of the planning EIA of transmission and transformation power grid, legal basis and planning EIA practices, some suggestions and thinking about the planning EIA of transmission and transformation power grid were put forward.

A Study on the Theory and Approach of Environmental Impact Assessment in General Land Use Planning

In this paper,the theory and approach of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning are studied from different aspects.First,starting from the content and concept of general land use planning,the necessity of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning is illustrated.On the basis of its evaluation theories and methodologies,it attempts to establish index system of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning,and point outs that current general land use planning requires public participation.

Preliminary Investigation on Tracking Evaluation of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment in Ecological Civilization Construction of Wuhan City

On the basis of experimental works of planning environmental impact assessment, works of planning environmental impact assessment such as each of the city＇s special planning and development zone planning were comprehensively promoted in Wuhan City, which effectively promoted the adjustment of Wuhan industrial structure, the rational layout of functions and the efficient utilization of resources, and laid a solid foundation for Wuhan City to be the supporting point for the rise of central China. Here, the work carried out in Wuhan was reviewed, combined with the new requirements of the current ecological civilization construction in Wuhan City, and the framework, the key technical points and the important focuses of the carrying out of the tracking evaluation of planning environmental impact assessment were proposed.

Comprehensive assessment method for environmental impact of railway based on geographic information system

By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway and its impact on the environment, which is adapted for the comprehensive assessment of railway environmental impact and the optimization of railway alignments. The assessment process of the GIS based map overlay method was presented, which includes deciding the system structure and weights of assessment factors, making environmental vulnerability grade maps, and evaluating the alternative alignments comprehensively to obtain the best one. With the GIS functions of spatial analysis, such as overlay analysis and buffer analysis, and functions of handling attribute data, the GIS based map overlay method overcomes the shortcomings of the existing map overlay method and the conclusion is more reasonable. In the end, a detailed case study was illustrated to verify the efficiency of the method.

Practice and Thinking of Plan Environmental Impact Assessment of Power Transmission and Transformation Grid in Nanjing

At present,the plan environmental impact assessment of power transmission and transformation grid is relatively mature. How to further improve the quality of plan environmental impact assessment of power grid during the "14^(th) Five-Year Plan" period is very important. In this paper,the plan environmental impact assessment of power grid in the Development Plan for Power Grid in Nanjing during the "13^(th) Five-Year Plan" Period is studied to further discuss the ideas,evaluation system and content framework of plan environmental impact assessment of power grid.

Planning Environmental Impact Assessment Orienting Sustainable Development: Opportunities and Challenges

Strategic Environmental Assessment is a frontier subject in the field of Environmental Impact Assessment. In the past two decades, especially in recent years, much more importance has been attached to Strategic Environmental Assessment. The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the P.R. China which was promulgated provides a great opportunity for the development of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment and brings great challenges for the development of traditional Project Environmental Impact Assessment and Planning Environmental Impact Assessment at the same time. In order to promote the implementation of "The EIA Law", the inherent limitations of Project Environmental Impact Assessment must be identified sufficiently and the theory research and practice of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment should be strengthened as well. Measures should be taken currently to enforce the operation system. The authors wish to offer a few references to the progress and implementation of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment in China.

Substituted plan analysis in the environmental impact assessment of Yongchuan wastewater treatment project

Substituted plan in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) mainly means the treatment technology and the substituted site of plant, and it also includes the many kinds of environment protection measures. This paper will make detailed analysis on the treatment technology, the substituted site of plant, the purpose of discharged water and the dispose of sludge in the Yongchuan wastewater treatment project.

Environmental impacts assessment for hydropower development planning in China

This article briefly introduced China’s law framework and technical standards related to environmental impacts assessment(EIA) for hydropower development, and the EIA developing process for hydropower development planning. Authors summarized the working experiences about hydropower development planning EIA done in the recent years in China, discussed the considerations and methods of hydropower development planning EIA, and put forward the index system for hydropower development planning EIA initially.

THE APPLICATION OF GIS IN URBAN PLANNING:ENVIRONMENTAL ZONING STUDY IN THE OLD CITY OF WENZHOU,CHINA

Due to rapid growth of population, urbanization and industrialization, in many cites of the developing world, there is severe contradiction between urban land supply and land demand which resulted in many urban land use conflicting situations and urban environment degrading. This paper is mainly focused on this problem, demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of environmental study by integrating GIS and environmetal zoning method. Two neighbourhoods of the old city of Wenzhou were chosen as the study area. With the aid of GIS software PC Arc/info as dBate IV, an urhan environmental impact assessment study was carried out based on the data available such as land use map and detailed attribute data of each land planning unit. The main factors taken into consideration include: the type of activity causing environmental stress, the type and strength of environmental impact and the type of receptive area that could be affected.

Study Progress and Trends of Strategic Environmental Assessment in China

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in China has developed rapidly since it was introduced into China in the 1990s. Chinese government promulgated the Environmental Impact Assessment Law of China (hereinafter referred to as the EIA Law) in 2002. In this law, it is stipulated clearly that regional and sector plans should be assessed. Through investigating materials and analyzing literatures, this article analyses the practical and academic study achievements of SEA in China that have been achieved since the EIA Law was implemented, probes into the current situation of the main level of SEA in China-plan EIA, then summarizes the development characteristics, and eventually, puts forward the development trends of SEA in China. The research conclusions can offer the foundations for comprehending systematically the progress of SEA in China.

Review the Environmental Effects of Using Industrial Wastewater Effluent (Case Study: Iran Qom Shokouhie Industrial State)

The overall goal of this study is investigating the environmental impacts of using wastewater effluent of industrial states in irrigation of green space. For this purpose, industrial state of Shokouhieh in Qom Province in central of Iran was selected as a case study. Firstly, the quality and quantity of inputting wastewater into refinery and outputting wastewater effluent were measured on important parameters of pH, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and wastewater temperature in refinery laboratory of industrial state of Qom Shokouhieh during 12 months from March 2012 to March 2013. Then analysis of chemical, biological and physical indicators of irrigation wastewater (effluent) and measurement of heavy metals were done in June 2012 and January 2013 according to the standards instruction for the water and wastewater treatment. Also, heavy metals, EC, pH, and Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, k+ of soil of industrial estate of Qom Shokouhieh were studied. Then, Rapid Impact Assessment Method (RIAM) and Entropy Method were used to analyze the data. In Rapid Impact Assessment Method, socio-cultural, physicochemical, biological and economic environments get the highest negative impacts respectively. In Entropy Method after weighting the environmental factors, public health and other disease parameters with the weight of 0.147, soil chemical properties with the weight of 0.136, soil toxicity with the weight of 0.126 were allocated the first rate up to the third rate respectively. After comparing the results of these two methods with each other, the main limitation of using wastewater effluent of industrial estate of Qom Shokouhie in irrigation of green space is entering chemical pollutants (nitrate) into groundwater, salinity and toxicity of soil of industrial state and endangerment of workers and labors public health who work in industrial state of Qom Shokouhie (specially the labors who exposure directly with the wastewater effluent and labors work in refinery).

Economic development and its impact on the environment in east coastal zone of China

This paper discusses briefly the elementary characteristics of the east China economic developing zone, and analyses the condition of urban atmospheric pollution, water pollution and ecological damage in this zone at present. It was brought forward that we must pay great attention to the environmental factors, and make the environmental impact assessment and environmental planning in the process of economic development in this zone.

Scientific Development of Power Sector Led by Plan EIA in a New Environmental Protection Situation

Environmental problems like haze have brought great pressure to current environmental protection management. On the one hand, plan EIA should be promoted further in all industries; on the other hand, the current achievements and methods of plan EIA should be summarized and innovated. And the EIA supervision and project access can be improved further through the coordination between plan EIA and project EIA. In this study, from the three levels of plan EIA policy framework, five problems of plan EIA in power sector were analyzed according to the current situation of plan EIA in power sector. Based on the present achievements, five macroscopic suggestions were proposed from the view of innovation accord- ing to the new environmental protection situation and requirements at present.

温室气体管控纳入化工园区规划环评的技术方法探索和实证研究

《中共中央国务院关于深入打好污染防治攻坚战的意见》中明确提出“将温室气体管控纳入环评管理”,温室气体管控纳入环评已成为深入推进碳达峰行动的重要举措。产业园区是控制污染物和温室气体排放增量的重要载体,是推进减污降碳源头防控的重要抓手。该研究重点围绕协同减污降碳优化规划方案这一关键问题,探索产业园区规划环评中开展温室气体评价的技术方法,并以某石化园区为例开展了实践探索。为了在环评中科学、合理地分析和评价温室气体减排潜力,从两方面探索评价技术方法:一是温室气体与大气耦合评价方法,开展温室气体评价重点排放设施能效分析,结合大气评价中空气质量目标改善要求和初步模拟预测结果,联合提出淘汰高耗低效热源设施、分阶段推进清洁能源替代的规划调整建议;二是研究创新温室气体评价和循环经济分析紧密结合的环评方法,遵循化工园区协同、合作、共享的一体化设计理念和循环经济理念,以资源循环降碳、能效提升降碳为目标,充分发挥化工园区碳固定、碳消纳的天然优势,促进园区内产业链协同。实证研究表明:①通过全面识别园区减污和降碳的关键环节,以“提效-控煤”为主线,温室气体评价与大气评价联合提出热源点整合方案;聚焦园区CO_(2)资源化利用、能源梯级利用,推动两家企业6套装置实施CO_(2)回收,并实施聚碳酸酯、碳酸乙烯酯等CO_(2)产业链利用项目,将零散企业余热资源统一纳网,实现余热余压利用,很好地验证了前述技术方法的可行性,以及温室气体评价对能源规划方案和产业循环经济方案的优化调整作用。②基于现行产业园区环评的评价技术流程,采用全过程纳入模式,提出了温室气体全过程评价技术框架,即现状评价“挖潜力”、规划分析“融理念”、影响识别“定目标”、影响评价“评趋势”、方案论证“明措施”、调整建议“优方案”。此外,对未来研究提出展望,一是增强污染防治与气候治理的协同性,二是关注难以量化的新排放源和非二氧化碳温室气体,三是结合不同园区面临的能源转型和环境目标压力,形成差异化的温室气体减排方案。该研究提出的技术框架和评价方法为优化化工园区环评源头管控作用起到有力支撑,具有重要的现实意义。

典型金属生产过程的环境影响评价研究进展

随着工业化进程加快,金属资源的关键性已成为我国乃至全球关注的问题,金属资源的大范围应用使其在生产时造成的环境影响越来越严重。为选择对环境影响较小的金属种类及生产方式,针对62种典型金属工业生产过程,对其相关的环境影响评价研究进展进行总结,重点关注黑色金属和有色轻、重金属生产过程的环境影响,并对与碳足迹分析相关的研究进行重点总结评述。重金属在生态毒性、人类健康等毒性影响方面均有较大影响;稀有金属和准金属的相关评价主要集中在Li和V上,且是未来的主要研究方向;贵金属相比其他金属造成的碳排放较为显著。金属生产行业未来需重点考虑金属元素自身性质,依据其不同阶段的污染程度优化生产方式,且聚焦金属生产行业的温室气体排放问题。

工业固废资源化综合利用的策略与实践

为解决我国钢铁板块带来的钢铁固废和粉煤灰等工业固废的资源化利用问题,采用案例分析和实地调研的方法,以酒钢集团在尾矿悬浮磁化焙烧和粉煤灰资源化利用为例,探索并提出了一系列综合利用策略:通过加强政府与企业的联合,鼓励具备条件的科研单位和企业共同发展共享性质的试验、检测、中试及大规模试验平台,并促进高等教育机构、科研机构与科技创新企业之间的紧密协作,构建“产学研用”一体化通道,促进工业固废综合利用的新理论、新技术、新模式的形成;地质聚合物凭借其独特的三维网络结构和优异的性能,可作为土木工程材料、耐火材料和吸附材料等应用于多个领域,还可作为一种替代水泥的聚合胶凝材料,有助于减少建筑行业的碳排放;针对目前以硅酸盐水泥或者矿渣水泥为主的矿山充填料的整体强度要求不高,造成资源浪费和增加成本的问题,可利用工业固体废弃物部分或者完全替代水泥制备新型胶凝材料进行胶结充填;从源头上拓宽固废的处置和利用途径,探索规模化、低投资、高效益的固废处理方法,实现固废的资源化利用,使工业固废处置更加多元化。结果表明,通过拓展利用领域、发挥标准引领作用、加强上下游协同及实施多元化处置策略,可以有效提升固废的资源化利用率,尤其是地质聚合物技术在固废处理中显示出显著的环境效益和应用潜力。为实现固废的资源化综合利用,需要政府、企业和研究机构的共同努力,对现有处置方法进行创新和改进,以推动工业固废向高附加值产品的转化,促进绿色经济的发展。

规划环评制度的实施困境纾解

规划环评制度具有源头环境管控功能,是现代环境治理体系的重要组成部分,已实现了从末端治理到源头预防再到风险预防的制度转型。分析我国规划环评制度实践,发现目前规划环评制度存在综合保护理念不足、事后评估监督疲软、规划环评报告强制性效力不够等问题。为不断深化环评制度改革,需要进一步发挥规划环评的综合保护作用,规范规划环评长效监督机制,健全规划环评法律责任路径,以期为生态文明建设及《环境影响评价法》的修改提供支撑。

产城融合背景下产业园区规划环评空间管控措施研究——以上海为例

产城融合是我国近年来城镇化发展的战略目标,随着产城融合的推进,产居环境矛盾逐渐凸显。空间管控是产业园区规划环评中避免或减轻产居环境矛盾的有效措施之一。目前国内现有技术体系中,对于产业园区规划环评层面如何开展空间管控的技术指导非常有限。上海是我国产城融合推进最快的城市之一,也是最早全域开展产业园区规划环评的省份,在产城融合背景下的产业园区空间管控方面积累了较丰富的经验。拟梳理上海市在产业园区规划环评管理实践中采取的主要空间布局约束措施,为产业园区规划环评空间管控提供借鉴。

探究污染物总量控制在规划环评中的作用与应用

随着时代的发展和科学技术水平的提升,我国经济由高速发展阶段进入高质量发展阶段。经济的腾飞极大地提升了国民生活质量,增强了人民的幸福感,但也带来了一系列的环境问题,所以我国持续推进规划环评制度改革,以此优化营商环境,并推动生态环境管控成果落地。污染物总量控制作为一种环境管理手段,在规划环评工作中具有很强的应用意义。为了提升规划环评工作中应用污染物总量控制的效率和质量,本文以探究污染物总量在规划环评中的作用与应用为研究主题,首先阐述了污染物总量的概念,然后分析了污染物总量控制在规划环评中的作用,最后分析了污染物总量控制在规划环评中的应用策略,以期为相关工作人员提供参考。

新时代法治背景下国家公园规划的理论和技术研究

开展国家公园规划的理论和技术研究对挖掘绿色新质生产力构建具有重要意义。通过总结国家公园建设与管理实践,研究得出:开展规划环境影响报告书编制;执行社会稳定风险评估;界定规划范围、调查分析评价范围、管控范围及空间布局;突出原住居民有机农耕方式、文物保护和优秀传统文化传承;突出水生态环境和生态水文过程的保护;强化国家公园全生态要素管理基础设施与能力建设;重视多样性生态产品供给及生态价值可持续实现途径;加强智慧化管理基础设施:落实社区有效融合发展途径,对丰富和发展国家公园规划的理论与技术创新具有重要价值。