Low-threshold lasing in a plasmonic laser using nanoplate InGaN/GaN

Plasmonic nanolaser as a new type of ultra-small laser,has gain wide interests due to its breaking diffraction limit of light and fast carrier dynamics characters.Normally,the main problem that need to be solved for plasmonic nanolaser is high loss induced by optical and ohmic losses,which leads to the low quality factor.In this work,InGaN/GaN nanoplate plasmonic nanolaser with large interface area were designed and fabricated,where the overlap between SPs and excitons can be enhanced.The lasing threshold is calculated to be~6.36 kW/cm^(2),where the full width at half maximum(FWHM)drops from 27 to 4 nm.And the fast decay time at 502 nm(sharp peak of stimulated lasing)is estimated to be 0.42 ns.Enhanced lasing characters are mainly attributed to the strong confinement of electromagnetic wave in the low refractive index material,which improve the near field coupling between SPs and excitons.Such plasmonic laser should be useful in data storage applications,biological application,light communication,especially for optoelectronic devices integrated into a system on a chip.

Real time detection of antibody-antigen interaction using a laser scanning confocal imaging-surface plasmon resonance system

A laser scanning confocal imaging-surface plasmon resonance （LSCI-SPR） instrument integrated with a wavelength-dependent surface plasmon resonance （SPR） sensor and a laser scanning confocal microscopy （LSCM） is built to detect the bonding process of human IgG and fluorescent-labeled affinity purified antibodies in real time. The shifts of resonant wavelength at different reaction time stages are obtained by SPR, corresponding well with the changes of the fluorescence intensity collected by using LSCM. The instrument shows the merits of the combination and complementation of the SPR and LSCM, with such advantages as quantificational analysis, high spatial resolution and real time monitor, which are of great importance for practical applications in biosensor and life science.

Processes underlying the laser photochromic effect in colloidal plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates

We have studied the dynamic and static processes occurring in disordered multiparticle colloidal Ag aggregates with natural structure and affecting their plasmonic absorption spectra under pico-and nanosecond pulsed laser radiations, as well as the physical origin responsible for these processes. We have shown that depending on the duration of the laser pulse,the mechanisms of laser modification of such aggregates can be associated both with changes in the resonant properties of the particles due to their heating and melting(picosecond irradiation mode) and with the particle shifts in the resonant domains of the aggregates(nanosecond pulses) which depend on the wavelength, intensity, and polarization of the radiation.These mechanisms result in formation of a narrow dip in the plasmonic absorption spectrum of the aggregates near the laser radiation wavelength and affect the shape and position of the dip. The effect of polydispersity of nanoparticle aggregates on laser photochromic reaction has been studied.

利用啁啾飞秒激光脉冲调控金薄膜中传输表面等离激元的群延迟色散

准确评估与灵活调控表面等离激元(surface plasmon polaritons,SPP)的传输特性对基于等离激元效应设计的高速-小型化器件具有重要意义.本文从理论上推导了SPP在不同厚度金膜表面传播的群速度色散.当金膜厚度小于40 nm时,随着膜厚度的增大,SPP的群速度色散显著减小;金膜厚度为40-60 nm时,SPP的群速度色散下降趋势变缓,并在厚度大于60 nm后保持恒定.利用时域有限差分方法,数值模拟了不同传播距离下SPP的电场时间演化.通过比较不同传输距离下SPP近场强度与入射光色散量的关系确定SPP的群速度色散,并得到接近理论推导的结果,进而提出利用负啁啾脉冲激发SPP来补偿传输中产生的群延迟色散,实现不同传输距离SPP场振幅、脉宽的调控.此外,利用定制的SPP激发金属纳米天线,通过调控入射脉冲色散量与SPP在金膜中传播产生群延迟色散的传播特性相结合的手段,实现在纳米信号接收器中热点位置的fs时间灵活时空相干控制.这对于利用等离激元效应设计和控制微型片上集成系统具有重要意义.

利用激光辐照AgCl纳米立方体制备表面增强拉曼散射基底的方法

利用激光辐照AgCl纳米立方体,通过析出Ag纳米颗粒制备了表面增强拉曼散射(surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS)基底。利用水热法合成AgCl纳米立方体,随后利用波长为633 nm的激光进行辐照,AgCl纳米立方体表面会析出Ag纳米颗粒。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜对辐照后的样品进行形貌表征,同时采用对氨基硫酚(PATP)探索Ag@AgCl样品的SERS灵敏度。结果发现,随着辐照功率增大或者辐照时间增加,析出的Ag颗粒数量增多并且尺寸增大,因此获得的SERS基底的灵敏度得到增强。研究结果为制备SERS基底提供了一种比较简便的方法。

双束延时飞秒激光调控制备二维亚波长周期阵列结构

利用偏振垂直的双束延时蓝色飞秒激光(400 nm)经柱透镜聚焦扫描钼表面,获得了二维矩形周期排列的方形和(椭)圆形阵列结构,以及六边形周期排列的三角形阵列结构。最小结构尺寸和周期达到100 nm和280 nm。研究发现双束飞秒激光的能量密度和能量比是不同类型结构形成及形貌转化的关键参数。通过优化激光参数,实现了圆形和三角形阵列结构的大面积均匀制备。两种周期排布的阵列结构的形成与双束延时飞秒激光与材料作用的超快动力学过程之间的瞬态关联作用以及作用过程中表面等离激元波的共线和非共线激发密切相关。该二维周期阵列结构加工方法及理论可拓展至其它硬质金属和半导体硅表面。

Research progress of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton

As the combination of surface plasmon polariton and femtosecond laser pulse,femtosecond surface plasmon polariton has both nanoscale spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution,and thus provides promising methods for light field manipulation and light-matter interaction in extreme small spatiotemporal scales.Nowadays,the research on femtosecond surface plasmon polariton is mainly concentrated on two aspects:one is investigation and characterization of excitation,propagation,and dispersion properties of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton in different structures or materials;the other one is developing new applications based on its unique properties in the fields of nonlinear enhancement,pulse shaping,spatiotemporal super-resolved imaging,and others.Here,we introduce the research progress of properties and applications of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton,and prospect its future research trends.With the further development of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton research,it will have a profound impact on nano-optoelectronics,molecular dynamics,biomedicine and other fields.

A Plasmonic Mass Spectrometry Approach for Detection of Small Nutrients and Toxins

Nutriology relies on advanced analytical tools to study the molecular compositions of food and provide key information on sample quality/safety. Small nutrients detection is challenging due to the high diversity and broad dynamic range of molecules in food samples, and a further issue is to track low abundance toxins. Herein, we developed a novel plasmonic matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI MS)approach to detect small nutrients and toxins in complex biological emulsion samples. Silver nanoshells(SiO_2@-Ag) with optimized structures were used as matrices andachieved direct analysis of ~ 6 n L of human breast milk without any enrichment or separation. We performed identification and quantitation of small nutrients and toxins with limit-of-detection down to 0.4 pmol(for melamine) and reaction time shortened to minutes, which is superior to the conventional biochemical method currently in use. The developed approach contributes to the near-future application of MALDI MS in a broad field and personalized design of plasmonic materials for real-case bio-analysis.

Hot spots enriched plasmonic nanostructure-induced random lasing of quantum dots thin film

Here,a plasmon-enhanced random laser was achieved by incorporating gold nanostars（NS） into disordered polymer and Cd Se/Zn S quantum dots（QDs） gain medium films,in which the surface plasmon resonance of gold NS can greatly enhance the scattering cross section and bring a large gain volume.The random distribution of gold NS in the gain medium film formed a laser-mode resonator.Under a single-pulse pumping,the scattering center of gold NS-based random laser exhibits enhanced performance of a lasing threshold of 0.8 m J/cm^2 and a full width as narrow as 6 nm at half maximum.By utilizing the local enhancement characteristic of the electric field at the sharp apexes of the gold NS,the emission intensity of the random laser was increased.In addition,the gold NS showed higher thermal stability than the silver nanoparticles,withstanding high temperature heating up to 200？C.The results of metal nanostructures with enriched hot spots and excellent temperature stability have tremendous potential applications in the fields of biological identification,medical diagnostics,lighting,and display devices.

Plasma induced by pulsed laser and fabrication of silicon nanostructures

It is interesting that in preparing process of nanosilicon by pulsed laser, the periodic diffraction pattern from plasmonic lattice structure in the Purcell cavity due to interaction between plasmons and photons is observed. This kind of plasmonic lattice structure confined in the cavity may be similar to the Wigner crystal structure. Emission manipulation on Si nanostructures fabricated by the plasmonic wave induced from pulsed laser is studied by using photoluminescence spectroscopy.The electronic localized states and surface bonding are characterized by several emission bands peaked near 600nm and 700nm on samples prepared in oxygen or nitrogen environment. The electroluminescence wavelength is measured in the telecom window on silicon film coated by ytterbium. The enhanced emission originates from surface localized states in band gap due to broken symmetry from some bonds on surface bulges produced by plasmonic wave in the cavity.

On the Hyper Thermal Therapy of Tumor Tissues by Direct Laser Heating and Gold Nano Particles

Hyper thermal therapy using lasers is emerging as a new promising route for the cancer treatment. The tumor can be directly heated by the radiation or indirectly using gold nano particles based on plasmon resonance phenolmenon. These two possibilities are explored here by solving the space and time dependent bio-heat equation under different conditions. The knowledge of temperature profiles in the tumor region helps to bypass the painful placement of sensors for monitoring tumor’s heating by the laser. Important properties which could be useful for developing an efficient tumor therapy are introduced for the first time. It is found that the effects of metabolism consist essentially in a redefinition of the blood temperature which increases proportional to the heat of metabolism. Blood perfusion in a given tissue leads to a new characteristic length of order one or two centimeters and a blood convection parameter typically of order 30 W·m-1·K-1. Effects of these parameters are scrutinized within the resolution of the bio-heat equation under a variety of conditions. In general, space modulations of the temperature throughout biological tissues are weak but front kinetics are quite fast. Specific examples show the way to monitor the temperature rise taking into account the tumor’s nature and size.

Transverse localization of Tamm plasmon in metal-DBR structure with disordered layer

Transverse localization of the optical Tamm plasmon （OTP） is studied in a metal-distributed Bragg reflector （DBR） structure with a one-dimensional disordered layer embedded at the interface between the metal and the DBR. The embed- ded disordered layer induces multiple scattering and interference of light, forming the light localization in the transverse direction. This together with the formation of Tamm plasmonic modes at the metal-DBR interface （i.e., the confinement of light in the longitudinal direction）, gives birth to the so called transverse-localized Tamm plasmon. It is shown that for both transverse electric （TE） and transverse magnetic （TM） polarized light injection, the excited transverse-localized Tamm plas- mon broadens and splits the dispersion curve due to spatial incoherence in the transverse direction, thus proving the stronger light confinement especially in the TE polarized injection. By adding the gain medium, specific random lasing modes are observed. The proposed study could be an efficient way of trapping and locally enhancing light on a subwavelength scale, which is useful in applications of random lasers, optical sensing, and imaging.

Experimental Validation and Simulation of Fourier and Non-Fourier Heat Transfer Equation during Laser Nano-Phototherapy of Lung Cancer Cells: An <i>in Vitro</i>Assay

This paper investigated the numerical scheme extended to solve the hyperbolic non-Fourier form of bioheat transfer equation and the experimental trials were conducted to validate the numerical simulation. MNPs were prepared via co-precipitation and modified with a silica layer. The amino modified Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoshells were covered with gold colloids producing nanoshells of Fe3O4/SiO2/Au (MNSs). In vitro assays were performed to determine the effect of apoptosis of QU-DB lung cancer cells based on the cells morphology changes. Cell damage was reduced by decreasing the power density of laser. Also, a larger area of damage on cell culture plates was observed at longer intervals of laser irradiation. The effect of nanoshell concentration and irradiation rate has been evaluated. A maximum temperature rise of 6°C was achieved at 184 W/cm2 and concentration of 0.01 mg/ml. The experiment confirmed a hyperbolic behaviour of thermal propagation. The results revealed that the three-dimensional implementation of bioheat equation is likely to be more accurate than the two-dimensional study.

扫描方向对金属和硅复合薄膜表面激光诱导自组织加工质量的影响(特邀)

激光诱导周期性表面结构的质量可通过调整激光参数、改善材料表面和优化扫描策略等手段来提高。研究了扫描方向对线偏振激光诱导金属/硅复合薄膜表面氧化LIPSS的影响。结果表明,当扫描方向垂直于激光偏振方向时,纳米结构会出现分叉、不连续等问题;当扫描方向平行于激光偏振方向时,纳米结构呈现短程有序,但在光斑拼接处存在扭曲;而当扫描方向与激光偏振方向存在一定夹角时,容易获得长程均匀有序的周期性纳米结构。数值仿真结果表明造成这些现象的原因是近场效应对自组织过程具有不可忽略的影响。

电介质/金属/电介质膜系实现可见光波段高透兼容激光隐身研究

各类光电设备的光学窗口中普遍存在的“猫眼效应”是激光主动探测系统的主要依据,这对军事装备和单兵作战人员构成了极大的威胁.然而,在保证高可见光透过率的条件下,针对激光主动探测的狙击隐身方案仍然有待商榷.本文利用遗传算法对超表面减反射膜进行逆向设计,用Si_(3)N_(4)和Ag组成三层减反增透膜,并在其顶层增加长方形阵列的微纳结构金属形成波长选择性吸收器,以实现激光波长低反射高吸收的效果.将器件设计与遗传算法相互结合,通过算法优化得出最符合器件目标性能的参数组合,达到了可见光平均透过率88%,最大透过峰值94%,1550 nm激光波长反射率10%,吸收率80%的效果.本文设计的超表面减反射膜不需要增加额外装置且成像质量得以保证,同时能有效减小激光的回波能量,从而高质量地实现可见光透过与激光隐身的兼容,为反猫眼探测的作战策略提供了一种行之有效的设计思路.

基于等离激元反馈的薄膜随机激光器(邀请论文)

综述了基于等离激元反馈的随机激光器设计思路,重点总结了薄膜随机激光器的特性,如基于金纳米岛和银纳米线网络2种无序结构的二维、三维等离激元反馈型薄膜随机激光器件.金属局域表面等离激元共振峰与荧光材料发射峰的重合是该类器件低阈值、高效率和可调谐的设计关键.

局域表面等离子效应的新应用

评述局域表面等离子体最新研究进展,介绍近年来在金属纳米颗粒和纳米结构的表面等离子体光学理论和实验研究上取得的一些成果,包括银纳米粒子的制备以及不同形状、尺寸等因素对局域表面等离子体光谱的影响、表面等离子体共振放大拉曼散射的增强、等离子激光、等离子非线性效应及局域表面等离子光热效应等.探讨表面等离子体光学结构在纳米尺度上对光的各种性质的调控以及局域表面等离子体在纳米生物光子学方面的新应用.

表面等离子体激元纳米激光器技术及应用研究进展

传统半导体激光器由于采用光学系统反馈而存在衍射极限,其腔长至少是其发射波长的一半,因此难以实现微小化。基于表面等离子体激元的纳米激光器可以实现深亚波长乃至纳米尺度的激光发射,而且现代微纳加工技术的逐步成熟,也为亚波长乃至纳米量级激光器的研制提供了成熟的技术条件。本文重点综述了国际上已成功实验验证的基于表面等离子体激元的纳米激光器的最新研究进展,综述了表面等离子体激元的基本原理,给出了若干种表面等离子体激元纳米激光器的结构和特点,指出该类激光器现存问题主要表现在激元损耗高及由此引起的制备工艺和电泵浦涉及的技术难题。文中最后展望了纳米激光器的应用和研究前景。

石墨烯光电子器件的应用研究进展

自2004年被发现以来,石墨烯因其卓越的光学和电学性能及其与硅基半导体工艺的兼容性,备受学术界和工业界的广泛关注。作为一种独特的二维原子晶体薄膜材料,石墨烯有着优异的机械性能、超高的热导率和载流子迁移率、超宽带的光学响应谱及极强的非线性光学特性,使其在新型光学和光电器件领域具有得天独厚的优势。一系列基于石墨烯的新型光电器件先后被研制出,已显示出优异的性能和良好的应用前景。此外,近期石墨烯表面等离子体激元的发现及太赫兹器件的研究进一步促进了石墨烯基光电器件的蓬勃发展。综述重点总结近年来石墨烯在超快脉冲激光器、光调制器、光探测器以及表面等离子体领域的应用研究进展,并进一步分析目前所面临的主要问题、挑战及其发展趋势。

激光诱导击穿光谱技术及应用研究进展

激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术是一种基于原子发射光谱学的元素定性、定量检测手段。本文介绍了LIBS技术的原理、应用方式、检测元素种类及检测极限;综述了该项技术在固体、液体、气体组分检测方面的技术发展,以及在环境检测、食品安全、生物医药、材料、军事、太空领域的应用进展。最后,提出了高功率、高稳定的激光光源和准确的定量分析方法是LIBS技术目前所面临的问题和挑战。