EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ELASTIC－PLASTIC CONTROLLING DESIGN FOR BOX STEEL STRUCTURES

The principle of increasing structural loading abillity by the using of elastic-plastic con- trolling design, which can make steel reach a highcr yield slrength through controlling undue strains produced in loaded box steel structures and no damager to the static mechanical properties of the used materials, is dealt with under the guarantee of strength, rigidity, and stability. A new idea of elastic--plastic controlling design, which is mainly based on the elastic-plastic theory and experi- mental results and is different from the current design which is mainly based handbooks and design- er' s experience, is established. That is: the loading time and its effect on loaded structures are con- sidered, and the potential strength in used matcrials is fully utilized through the controlling of struc- tural strains in design. By the using of this design method, the weight and cost of box structures will be reduced in large amount.

Application of Standardization for Initial Design of Plastic Injection Moulds

Today, the time-to-market for plastic products ar e getting shorter, thus the lead-time for making the injection mould is decreasin g. There is potential in timesavings in the mould design stage because the design process that is repeatable for every mould design can be standardized. T he preliminary work of any final plastic injection mould design is to always pro vide an initial design of the mould assembly for product designers (customers) p rior to receiving the final product CAD data. Traditionally and even up till no w, this initial design is always created using 2D CAD packages. The information used for the initial design is based on the technical discussion checklist, in which most mould makers have their own standards. This checklist is also being used as a quotation since the most basic information of the mould in the particu lar project is being recorded in it. The basic information in this checklist in cludes the number of cavities, the type of mould base to be used, the moulding m achine to be used for the moulding, the type of gating system, the type of resin material used and its shrinkage value etc. Information on special requirements such as the number of sliders or lifters to be used is also listed in the check list. At this stage, there is still no information on the cooling and ejection design since they are greatly dependent on the final product CAD data. This res earch focuses on the methodology of providing the initial design in 3D solid bas ed on the technical discussion checklist, which takes the role of the overall st andard template since every sub-design has its own standard template. An examp le of a sub-design that has its own standard template is the cavity layout desi gn. The cavity layout for plastic injection moulds can be designed by controlli ng the geometrical parameters using a standardization template. The standardiza tion template for the cavity layout design consists of configurations for the po ssible layouts. Each configuration of the layout design has its own layout desi gn table of all the geometrical parameters. This standardization template is pr e-defined in the layout design level of the mould assembly design. This ensure s that the required configuration can be loaded into the mould assembly design v ery quickly without having the need to redesign the layout. This makes it usefu l for technical discussions between the product designers and mould designers pr ior to the manufacture of the mould. Changes can be made to the 3D cavity layou t design immediately during the discussions thus the savings in time and avo idance of miscommunications.

AI-Based Culture Independent Pervasive M-Learning Prototype Using UI Plasticity Design

This paper explains the development of a culturally inclusive ubiquitous M-Learning platform(“Mobile Academy”)with an AI-based adaptive user interface.The rationale and need for this research and development are justified by the continuing widespread adoption of the Internet and Internet enabled devices,especially smartphones.The M-learning platform was designed from the onset for the global traveller.The characteristics and limitations of the application are also discussed.The Mobile Academy,proof of concept prototype,was created to facilitate teaching and learning on the move or in environments where the use of a desktop computer is inconvenient or simply impossible.The platform’s primary objective was cross-cultural usability through the use of a combination of AI and plasticity of user interface design techniques.The usability evaluation plan was comprehensive and the results obtained were studied in detail.This also included consideration of the results of the SVM(Support Vector Machine)classifiers’performance and cross-device evaluation.The AI-based adaptive interface prototype has been tested and evaluated to show its merits and capabilities in terms of its usability,inclusivity and effectiveness of the interface.From the results,it was concluded that such a culture independent application was also affordable.

THERMO ELASTO—PLASTIC OPTIMUM DESIGN OF CERAMIC—METAL FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS-Ⅰ.MICROMECHANICAL AND GEOMETRICAL EFFECTS

The thermo elasto-plastic optimum design of ceramic-metal functionally graded materials (FGMs)was investigated in this paper. The inelastic properties were first evaluated using micromechanical approaches, then an elasto-plastic finite element model was used to calculate the thermal stress in the material . The effects of micromechanical approaches, plasticity and graded interlayer thickness on the thermal stress relaxation characteristics and stress distributions were studied. The results show that: (1) the macro elas-to-plastic response given by the mean-field micromechanics and self-consistent micromechanics is nearly the same but the response given by the rule of mixture is different; (2)the thermo elasto-plastic behavior must be considered to realistically evaluate stress reduction, and the elasto-plastic optimum design can get helpful information to determine the graded interlayer thicknesses;and(3) to optimize the microstructure of the graded material achieves reductions in critical stress components and rational stress distributions.

Advanced Welding Technology for Highly Stressable Multi-Material Designs with Fiber-Reinforced Plastics and Metals

Organic sheets made out of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are able to make a crucial contribution to increase the lightweight potential of a design. They show high specific strength- and stiffness properties, good damping characteristics and recycling capabilities, while being able to show a higher energy absorption capacity than comparable metal constructions. Nowadays, multi-material designs are an established way in the automotive industry to combine the benefits of metal and fiber-reinforced plastics. Currently used technologies for the joining of organic sheets and metals in large-scale production are mechanical joining technologies and adhesive technologies. Both techniques require large overlapping areas that are not required in the design of the part. Additionally, mechanical joining is usually combined with “fiber-destroying” pre-drilling and punching processes. This will disturb the force flux at the joining location by causing unwanted fiber- and inter-fiber failure and inducing critical notch stresses. Therefore, the multi-material design with fiber-reinforced thermoplastics and metals needs optimized joining techniques that don’t interrupt the force flux, so that higher loads can be induced and the full benefit of the FRP material can be used. This article focuses on the characterization of a new joining technology, based on the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding process that allows joining of organic sheets and metals in a load path optimized way, with short cycle times. This is achieved by redirecting the fibers around the joining area by the insertion of a thin metal pin. The path of the fibers will be similar to paths of fibers inside structures found in nature, e.g. a knothole inside of a tree. As a result of the bionic fiber design of the joint, high joining strengths can be achieved. The increase of the joint strength compared to blind riveting was performed and proven with stainless steel and orthotropic reinforced composites in shear-tests based on the DIN EN ISO 14273. Every specimen joined with the new CMT Pin joining technology showed a higher strength than specimens joined with one blind rivet. Specimens joined with two or three pin rows show a higher strength than specimens joined with two blind rivets.

纤维缠绕塑料内胆表面处理装置的设计与分析

为提高目前塑料内胆的表面处理质量以及处理时间,节约时间和人工成本,本文针对纤维缠绕塑料内胆的表面处理设计了一套自动化的处理装置。它主要可以实现塑料内胆的自动夹持夹紧定位以及塑料内胆表面处理等功能。文中主要介绍了所设计的夹持传动装置以及等离子表面处理装置等相关结构,并在SolidWorks软件中对此套装置进行了总体设计与装配,在Workbench中对部分零部件进行了强度校核,分析Workbench中的相关结果。结果显示,该装置达到了相关力学要求且能够平稳传动,满足设计要求。

基于抽真空系统的继电器线圈BMC热固性塑料模具结构设计

对于原有BMC继电器线圈模具的外观较差、线圈断线丝、生产效率及合格率较低等问题,设计了一种1模16腔布局的上、下双顶出系统的压注模具,通过抽真空系统结构的设计将注塑压力从原充填压力19~42 MPa降低至22~25 MPa,成型件采用电加热及电阻测温方法,上模镶件的温度控制在148~151℃之间,下模镶件的温度控制在148~151℃之间,通过实际生产验证抽真空系统的效果。该改进方案使不合格品率从0.08%降低至0.015%,生产效率提高了20%。结果表明,该模具通过抽真空系统的应用提高了模具的可靠性及稳定性,满足自动化数字化生产线的要求,并且,提高了生产效率与产品的合格率。

新能源冷藏车制冷机锁扣注射模设计

针对10%碳纤维改性PEEK材料的新能源冷藏车制冷机锁扣,设计了1模2腔三板注射模,模具浇注系统使用点浇口,采用4个定模滑块先抽芯机构实现成型塑件部分特征的脱模,其中1个为斜向抽芯机构,3个为直线型抽芯机构。抽芯机构依靠开模动力驱动锁紧块拉动滑块抽芯和锁紧,动作可靠且效率高,保证了塑件的成型效率及成型品质。

基于PC/ABS薄壁成型的雾化器机筒注射模设计

针对雾化机机筒薄壁塑件模腔流长比为77.8,并且采用PC/ABS进行注塑要求的特点,设计了1副两板2次开模的自动化注塑成型。模具中,针对塑件模腔的浇注,设置了2个潜伏式浇口,保证模腔的充填效果。为实现塑件的自动脱模,设计了3个脱模步骤,相应的机构及机构动作为采用了2副哈夫滑块机构用于塑件外壁的脱模,2副哈夫滑块机构均依靠模具打开的开模动力分次实施抽芯;第一副哈夫滑块机构用于定模一侧外壁的侧抽芯脱模,其通过动模侧的第一次开模打开驱动,完成先抽芯动作;第二副哈夫滑块机构用于动模一侧外壁圆环型凹槽的侧抽芯脱模,其通过动模侧的第二次开模打开驱动,完成抽芯动作。为实现模具2次开模按顺序进行,该模具中设计了一种开模控制机构,机构通过解锁插杆驱动移动锁芯实现与锁钩的锁闭/开锁功能,从而实现了模具开/闭模动作的有序进行。

黄绿色荧光成像用环烯烃共聚物镜片减反膜的研制

针对黄绿色荧光成像过程中由于发光微弱导致细节丢失的问题,以环烯烃共聚物中的F52R材料为基底镜片,采用电子束离子辅助蒸发的方法制备了可见光波段黄绿光高通型的减反膜。根据光谱使用要求,利用膜系设计软件TFCalc进行了膜系的设计和优化;通过离子源沉积工艺的优化,解决了低温镀制过程中膜层牢固度的问题。测试结果表明:当光线的入射角为5°时,400~700nm平均反射率约为0.55%,500~600nm的黄绿光平均反射率约为0.29%,光谱曲线呈现黄绿光高通的形状,满足使用要求。

木塑复合材料在家具中的应用

木塑材料作为一种复合型材质具有较强的可塑性、较小的污染性,相较于塑料及实木材质优势明显,在家具制造领域的实用性逐渐增强。本文主要分析了木塑复合材料在家具中应用的原则与优势、设计方法以及应用实例,为木塑材料家具产品开发提供更多的思路与建议。

镂空重构手法在服装设计中的创新应用

为了打破镂空工艺对材料、技术的使用界限,丰富其在服装设计中的创新应用,通过梳理服装中镂空构型的起源与发展,在镂空重构概念界定的基础上,结合已有案例归纳分析镂空重构的3类实现手法:连接点式镂空、重塑线式镂空以及剪切面式镂空。以连接点式镂空手法为例,进一步探究镂空重构手法在服装设计中的创新实践:一是镂空构型材料层面的创新,将环保理念融入服装设计,实现废弃物升级利用;二是造型表现技术层面的创新,结合立体塑形进行服装造型表现的拓展实践,并对镂空重构手法在服装设计领域的应用前景作了展望。

混合基础隔震体系优化设计及性能

为解决基础隔震结构中隔震层位移需求过大的问题,提出了一种基础隔震结构(Base Isolated Structure,BIS)+串并联调谐质量阻尼器惯容器(Tuned Tandem Mass Damper-Inerter, TTMDI)的混合隔震体系。采用Bouc-Wen滞回模型模拟隔震层的非线性力-变形行为,基于随机等效线性化和模式搜索优化算法并考虑地震动模型,在频域内建立了BIS+TTMDI体系的优化设计框架。分别从鲁棒性、有效性、刚度和阻尼系数、冲程及对地震频率敏感性方面对BIS+TTMDI体系的性能进行评估,并与BIS+调谐质量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper, TMD)、串并联调谐质量阻尼器(TunedTandemMassDamper,TTMD)和调谐质量阻尼器惯容器(TunedMass Damper-Inerter, TMDI)进行比较。通过对近场地震动下某七层混合基础隔震结构(包括BIS+TTMDI和BIS+TMDI体系)的动力弹塑性分析,评价了其减/隔震性能。结果表明:BIS+TTMDI体系具有最好的减/隔震性能和强鲁棒性;而且在BIS+TTMDI体系中TTMDI的总阻尼需求不到BIS+TMDI体系中TMDI的一半,因而更为经济实用。

钢柱-钢板剪力墙耦合结构性能化抗震设计及评估

钢柱-钢板剪力墙(steel column-steel plate shear wall,SC-SPSW)是利用钢连梁连接钢板剪力墙和两侧钢柱形成的耦合结构体系。该体系可以充分发挥钢板剪力墙、钢连梁和钢柱之间的耦合作用,改善传统钢板剪力墙的缺点,具有良好的抗震性能。采用基于能量平衡的塑性设计理念,并结合相关规范推导出SC-SPSW体系的设计方法。利用SAP2000软件建立了12个不同高度、不同耦连比(coupling ratios,CR)的SC-SPSW算例,并对其进行了拟静力分析和动力时程分析,研究结构的屈服机制以及耦连比对结构受力性能的影响。研究表明,应用该设计方法的结构算例能够满足预期的理想屈服机制,具有良好的抗震性能,并对不同高度的SC-SPSW体系的CR选择提出了建议。

混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙基于两阶段耗能的塑性设计方法研究

混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构是一种典型的两阶段耗能结构体系。依据现行设计规范设计的混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构对结构弹塑性阶段的整体性能缺乏考虑,在设防地震和罕遇地震作用下结构的屈服顺序难以控制。基于混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构体系“小震不坏,中震可修,大震不倒”的三水准抗震设防性能目标,提出结构两阶段耗能的塑性设计方法。以目标位移和理想破坏模式作为预测结构弹塑性受力状态性能目标,针对不同地震水准下的性能目标,考虑耦连比对结构合理耗能机制的影响,将结构的能力曲线等效为三线型,改进了传统基于能量平衡的塑性设计方法,保证结构在设防地震及罕遇地震下实现理想屈服顺序,避免薄弱层产生。采用建议的设计方法设计了一个12层结构算例,并采用ABAQUS对算例进行推覆分析和弹塑性时程分析。结果表明,采用基于两阶段耗能的塑性设计方法预测的中震及大震下结构顶点位移角与数值分析结果误差分别为0.5%和12.1%,最大层间位移角满足结构弹塑性层间位移角的要求。算例结构能够实现“强节点弱构件、强墙肢弱连梁”合理的屈服顺序,保证结构预期的失效机制和不同地震水准作用下的性能目标,验证了基于两阶段耗能的塑性设计方法的有效性。

汽车塑料保险杠的设计与制造

为了提高汽车安全性和外观质量的要求,塑料保险杠的设计与制造也变得越来越重要。基于此,本文主要探讨了汽车塑料保险杠的设计与制造,以助提高汽车和行人的安全性,保障人们生命财产安全。

造型艺术在皮革鞋靴设计中的应用研究

鞋靴是人们日常生活中的必需品。随着市场需求的提升,鞋靴设计需要做到紧随时代、持续创新。基于此,本文对当前鞋靴造型艺术与用户行为展开深入剖析,充分掌握消费者对鞋靴造型艺术的需求,为本次鞋靴设计工作提供支持。同时,在鞋靴设计要素调查的基础上,对造型艺术中各个元素在皮革鞋靴设计中的应用展开分析,为鞋靴设计增添更丰富的设计元素及艺术表现语言,并为现代鞋靴设计拓展新的发展方向。

农田地膜使用信息监测系统设计与实现

开展农田地膜信息监测对科学使用地膜和治理农田白色污染具有重要意义。针对山东省农田地膜使用监测管理情况,利用信息技术与机器学习方法等手段,提出基于Springboot+Mysql+Mybatis为系统架构的山东省地膜监测系统研究模式,监测系统的功能涵盖地膜使用监测网络的全部内容,包括地膜生产企业、地膜生产使用、回收与残留等全产业链关键业务数据报表的接收、上报、数据审核校验。同时实现数据综合分析,上报情况的统计,生产企业、监测点、审核单位和质量控制单位的基础信息管理,依托地膜使用监测上报数据,利用R语言对残留量与各类因子进行相关性分析以及方差分析,进一步精准农田地膜残留量预测模型设计。以2021年山东省农田地膜残留监测信息为依据,试运行系统,覆盖全省16地市122县,可实现地膜全产业链监测与信息共享,为地膜科学使用与管理提供技术支撑。

液压缸缸筒轻量化设计及理论研究

研发一种具有金属内衬的法兰式碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)液压缸缸筒,通过复合材料的本构关系和厚壁圆筒理论推导CFRP缸筒的应力应变公式,建立数学模型,并结合强度和刚度理论,进行液压缸缸筒轻量化研究。运用Abaqus软件进行仿真分析,验证所提出方案的可行性,联合Isight软件进行优化设计,以DOE试验设计寻找最优解。结果表明:优化设计后,CFRP缸筒满足强度和刚度要求;液压缸缸筒质量由16.58 kg减少到5.26 kg,总体减轻68.3%,达到轻量化设计目的。