Effect of details of vertical stiffener on fatigue behavior of welding plate beams

The design of the vertical stiffener details is important in the anti-fa- tigue design of the welded steel plate beams.There still exist different opinions on the selection of the design parameters and the effect of the shear stress.In the present study,the effects of the welding process(semi-automatic welding, manual welding)and the connecting location of vertical stiffener(welded to the web or to the flange)on the fatigue behaviour in the regions subjected to the pure bending and subjected to the bending and shearing are investigated by test- ing the simulation beams of large scale.The analysis of the fatigue test results shows that the normal bending stress is the governing factor to the fatigue strength.

APPLICATIONS OF WAVELET GALERKIN FEM TO BENDING OF BEAM AND PLATE STRUCTURES

In this paper, an approach is proposed for taking calculations of high order differentials of scaling functions in wavelet theory in order to apply the wavelet Galerkin FEM to numerical analysis of those boundary-value problems with order higher than 2. After that, it is realized that the wavelet Galerkin FEM is used to solve mechanical problems such as bending of beams and plates. The numerical results show that this method has good precision.

Analysis and seismic tests of composite shear walls with CFST columns and steel plate deep beams

A composite shear wall concept based on concrete filled steel tube （CFST） columns and steel plate （SP） deep beams is proposed and examined in this study. The new wall is composed of three different energy dissipation elements： CFST columns; SP deep beams; and reinforced concrete （RC） strips. The RC strips are intended to allow the core structural elements - the CFST columns and SP deep beams - to work as a single structure to consume energy. Six specimens of different configurations were tested under cyclic loading. The resulting data are analyzed herein. In addition, numerical simulations of the stress and damage processes for each specimen were carried out, and simulations were completed for a range of location and span-height ratio variations for the SP beams. The simulations show good agreement with the test results. The core structure exhibits a ductile yielding mechanism characteristic of strong column-weak beam structures, hysteretic curves are plump and the composite shear wall exhibits several seismic defense lines. The deformation of the shear wall specimens with encased CFST column and SP deep beam design appears to be closer to that of entire shear walls. Establishing optimal design parameters for the configuration of SP deep beams is pivotal to the best seismic behavior of the wall. The new composite shear wall is therefore suitable for use in the seismic design of building structures.

PERTURBATION ANALYSIS FOR MAGNETO-PLASTIC INSTABILITY OF FERROMAGNETIC BEAM-PLATES WITH GEOMETRIC IMPERFECTION

The magneto-plastic instability of a ferromagnetic beam-type plate with simple supports and small initial imperfection is analytically investigated in this paper for that the plastic deformation of the plate with a linear-strain hardening relation is considered when the plate is located in a strong uniformly distributed magnetic ?eld. After the distribution of magnetic ?elds related to the de?ected con?guration of plate is imaginably divided into two parts, i.e., one is related to the ?at plate and the other dependent on the perturbation of magnetic ?elds for which the plate con?guration changes from the ?at into the deformed state, the perturbation technique is employed to analyze the distribution of the perturbation magnetic ?elds in and out-of the magnetic medium of the ferromagnetic structure in a transverse magnetic ?eld, which leads to some analytical formulae/solutions for the magnetic ?elds and the resulting magnetic force exerted on the plate. Based on them, the magneto-plastic buckling and snapping of the plate in a transverse magnetic ?eld is discussed, and the critical magnetic ?eld is analytically formulated in terms of the parameters of geometry and material of the plate employed by solving the governing equation of the magneto-plastic plate in the applied magnetic ?eld. Further, the sensitivity of the initial imperfection on the magneto-plastic instability, expressed by an ampli?cation function, is obtained by solving the dynamic equation of de?ection of the plate after the inertial force in the transverse direction is taken into account. The results obtained show that the critical magnetic ?eld is sensitive to the plastic characteristic, e.g., hardening coe?cient, and the instability mode and de?ection of the plate are dependent on the geometrical imperfection as well.

STOCHASTIC BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF PLATE AND BEAMS COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

In this paper, the reliability of orthotropic plate and beams composite structures, which is under the actions of the stochastic loading and stochastic boundary conditions, have been analyzed by stochastic boundary element method. First, the boundary integral equation of orthotropic plate and beams composite structures is given in this paper, and then based on the stochastic boundary element method, the method for reliability analysis of stochastic structures is establishes and formulas for computation of reliability index of orthotropic plate and beams composite structures are obtained. The computed examples show the efficient of the method used in this paper.

Experimental study and analysis on fatigue stiffness of RC beams strengthened with CFRP and steel plate

The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were made on the law of deflection development and stiffness degradation, as well as the influence of fatigue load ranges. Test results indicate that the law of three-stage change under fatigue loading is followed by both midspan deflection and permanent deflection, which also have positive correlation with fatigue load amplitude. Fatigue stiffness of composite strengthened beams degrades gradually with the increasing of number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model by effective moment of inertia method is developed for calculating the sectional stiffness of such composite strengthened beams under fatigue loading, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

MECHANICAL VIBRATIONAL POWER FLOW IN BEAM-PLATE ASSEMBLIES

The vibrational power flow in the beam-plate assemblies and then with the isolators is investigated using analytical ' power flow' approach based on the some concepts of mechanical mo- bility and structural dynamics. Theoretical expressions of the power flow in the structures are given and examined. The numerical results of the expressions are good agreements with the measuring re- sults obtained by the technique of vibration intensity. On the basis of these results, possible ways of reducing the vibrational power flow in the structures are suggested .

NONLINEAR VIBRATION OF BEAMPLATES WITH A DELAMINATION

The problem of beam-plates with a delamination located at anarbitrary site undergoing non- linear free vibration without damp isinvestigated. For this problem, nonlinear governing equations as wellas the continuity, equilibrium and compatibility conditions areestablished. The Galerkin method and harmonic balance method areemployed to find solutions. Finally, in some examples,amplitude-frequency curves of the delaminated structure are presentedin order to reveal some special dynamic features.

Design of phase plates for shaping partially coherent beams by simulated annealing

Taking the Gaussian Schell-model beam as a typical example of partially coherent beams, this paper applies the simulated annealing （SA） algorithm to the design of phase plates for shaping partially coherent beams. A flow diagram is presented to illustrate the procedure of phase optimization by the SA algorithm. Numerical examples demonstrate the advantages of the SA algorithm in shaping partially coherent beams. An uniform flat-topped beam profile with maximum reconstruction error RE 〈 1.74% is achieved. A further extension of the approach is discussed.

Research on Vibration Suppression of the Finite Plate with Square Steel Beams Using Traveling Wave Method

The vibration suppression of the finite plate with square steel beams is studied using traveling wave method. The finite plate with square beams is modeled as the coupling systems between the plate flexural motion and the flexural and torsional motions for the square beams. The vibration response at any position of the coupling structure can be obtained by wave method. Numerical results show that comparing to finite element method (FEM), not only the low frequency but also the medium-high frequency vibration response of the finite plate with square beam can be effectively calculated by wave method. The suppression effect can be increased as the square beam is located at one-third of the length of plate or increasing the height of the beam. The study provides reference for arranged square beams applying to vibration suppression of ship and train structures.

BENDING THEORIES FOR BEAMS AND PLATES WITH SINGLE GENERALIZED DISPLACEMENT

Classical bending theories for beams and plates can not be used for short, stubby beams and thick plates since transverse shearing effect is excluded, and ordinary theories with multiple generalized displacements can not be used for long, slender beams and thin plates since the innate relation between rotation angle and deflection is ignored. These two types of theories are not consistent due to the contradiction of dependence and independence of the rotation angle. Based on several basic assumptions, a new type of theories which not only include the transverse shearing effect is presented, but also the relation between potation angle and deflection is obtained. Analytical solutions of several simple beams are given. It has been testified by numerical examples that the new theories can be used for either long, slender beams and thin plates or short, stubby beams and thick plates.

Finite element analysis on temperature field and residual stress of welding assembly for I-beam and end-plate

Based on full scale model of 1-beam and end-plate welding assembly with medium plate, welding temperature field and residual stress were simulated, infrared thermometers were employed to measure the real-time temperature Jbr verification purposes. Results show that the measured thermal cycle curves match well with the simulation result. Simulation results of welding residual stress indicate that the values of longitudinal and transverse stress on the upper surface of the plate are higher than the normal stress; higher tensile stresses exist at the end of the web weld toes and in the central area of the flange weld toes. The dangerous zones are located at the central areas of weld toes of the flange welds and near weld toes of the web welds.

Vacuum electron beam brazing technology and finite element analysis on temperature field of capillary to plate joint

Some parts with capillary to plate joint have important application in aerocrafi. Vacuum electron beam brazing （VEBB） technology is used to realize this jointing with capillaries. Firstly 3D finite element analysis model is built in this paper according to this special structure. And then ANSYS finite element analysis software is used to analyze brazing temperature field at different brazing parameters. The calculation results show that the temperature field of simulation has good agreement with that measured by experiment, which proves dependence of the model built in this paper. And also reference parameters could be provided for real brazing process through calculation in this model. Brazed joint of capiUary to plate with good performance is achieved using VEBB technology. The achievement of the study will be applied in aerocrafi in the future.

软岩地基中新型倒肋式风机基础力学性能有限元分析

目的 提出一种新型倒肋式风机基础,解决软岩地基中采用梁板式风机基础带来的挖方量大、模板支设繁琐、施工成本高、周期长等问题。方法 以2.5 MW风机为例,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,建立相同尺寸的倒肋式与梁板式风机基础模型,对比两种基础在极端工况下的倾斜率、水平位移、破坏特征等,并结合挖方量、模板工程量对两者的经济性进行分析。结果 倒肋式基础的水平位移为0.444 mm、倾斜率为0.012 1%,均满足规范要求;倒肋式基础的肋梁受力特征与悬臂梁相似,在基底反力作用下肋梁与墩台连接处承受的剪力及弯矩较大,容易开裂破坏,可通过增加肋梁截面高度改善;倒肋式基础相较于梁板式基础土方挖量可节省54%、模板工程量可节省48%。结论 倒肋式基础充分发挥出了倒置肋梁与软岩地基之间齿槽嵌固的优势,相较于梁板式基础不仅具有更优的抗滑移稳定性和受力性能,而且减少了挖方和模板工程量,经济效益显著。

考虑轴力与底板约束的埋入式钢柱脚刚度模型

为准确预测埋入式(特别是浅埋)钢柱脚节点的初始转动刚度,将柱脚的埋入段简化为地基梁,基于初参数法完善考虑轴力影响的Winkler地基上的Timoshenko梁理论,提出受锚栓和混凝土约束的柱脚底板转动刚度的计算方法,进而建立可以综合反映柱脚埋深、埋入段剪切变形、钢柱轴力、底板约束影响的埋入式钢柱脚转动刚度模型。基于已验证的有限元模型进行参数分析,研究埋深比、轴力和锚栓布置对柱脚转动刚度的影响。与有限元结果的对比表明,提出的刚度模型较过往文献中理论模型具有更高的精度和更好的适用性,尤其是对于埋深比为0.5~1.5的浅埋柱脚节点。理论与有限元结果表明:埋深比较小时,柱脚转动刚度随埋深比的增加快速增大,而埋深比增加到一定程度后,其对转动刚度几乎无影响;柱脚转动刚度随钢柱轴压力增加呈增大的趋势;对于浅埋柱脚节点,底板约束对其转动刚度的影响较大,而随着埋深的增大,其影响逐渐减小;底板转动约束对埋深比小于1.5的节点刚度具有显著影响,当埋深比增大至2.5,其影响可以忽略。

复合纤维的三角形截面梁组合扭转理论研究

基于板梁理论,首先通过各板件的位移、应变、应力及FRP(增强复合纤维)材料的本构关系推导出悬臂梁在端部受集中扭矩情况下组合扭转的总应变能及总势能,接着基于能量变分法构建了FRP三角形梁组合扭转问题的能量变分模型与微分方程模型,最后通过边界条件求得最大扭转角的近似解析解,并与Ansys有限元软件模拟结果进行验证,验证结果表明理论计算得到的近似解与有限元模拟解基本吻合,证明了理论模型的正确性,可为工程设计提供参考。

低预应力CFRP板加固RC梁模型试验研究

为研究低预应力CFRP加固RC梁的力学性能,设计进行了CFRP加固方法的对比模型梁试验。通过对直接粘贴、机械张拉粘贴锚固成为低应力CFRP板及粘贴加热伸长后回缩成为低预应力CFRP板这3种方法,将同规格的CFRP板粘贴在混凝土试验梁表面,通过分级加载试验,获得不同施工方法的CFRP板加固后开裂荷载、极限荷载、裂缝发展及荷载-挠度曲线等。试验结果表明:3种施工方法下进行机械张拉低预应力CFRP板加固对原梁抗剪承载力性能提高较大。在正常使用阶段,机械张拉低预应力CFRP板加固梁和加热张拉低预应力CFRP板加固梁出现斜裂缝的荷载等级高于直接粘贴CFRP加固梁出现斜裂缝的荷载等级。机械张拉低预应力CFRP板加固梁和加热张拉低预应力CFRP板加固梁产生的裂缝宽度小于直接粘贴CFRP板加固梁产生的裂缝宽度。相对最明显的是机械张拉低预应力CFRP板,裂缝一直维持在较低水平。粘贴锚固的低预应力CFRP加固方式操作相对简单,可应用于桥梁维修或拆除前临时加固工程等。

基于板-梁理论的FGM双轴对称箱形截面组合扭转理论与有限元验证

基于板梁理论研究FGM双轴对称箱形截面组合扭转理论与有限元验证.首先,选取弹性模量变化函数,建立能量变分模型,引入无量纲参数,获得双轴对称箱形截面组合扭转的近似解析解;然后,利用微分方程模型计算双轴对称箱形截面组合扭转的精确解析解,给出微分方程解答;最后,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行验证,将本文研究所得解析解和ANSYS有限元分析软件得出的解析解进行对比,对比结果验证了本文理论推导及所给出的自由扭转刚度、约束扭转刚度表达式的正确性.

CFRP-OFBG板加固损伤钢梁抗弯疲劳试验及其寿命预测研究

为研究采用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)加固后钢梁的疲劳性能,采用自主研发的具有自监测性能的智能碳纤维-光纤光栅板(CFRP-OFBG板)加固受损钢梁,在完成常幅荷载四点弯曲疲劳试验的基础上,研究不同应力幅作用下CFRP-OFBG板加固钢梁的疲劳性能。借助有限元方法,建立“三维实体”有限元模型,结合J积分计算方法求解得到加固钢梁裂纹尖端的应力强度因子,基于线弹性断裂力学理论建立疲劳裂纹扩展模型,对CFRP-OFBG板加固钢梁的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命进行预测。研究表明:CFRP-OFBG板的加固作用可有效提高受损钢梁的疲劳寿命,延缓裂纹扩展速率,改善裂纹尖端的受力状态,降低裂纹尖端的应力强度因子;在循环荷载作用下,CFRP-OFBG板加固试件的疲劳寿命均随着应力幅的增大呈现递减趋势。将试验结果与预测结果相比较,发现加固试件疲劳寿命预测值比试验值略高,分析认为,这主要是因为在有限元模拟时没有考虑到试验中CFRP-OFBG板的局部剥离。

碳纤维板加固H型钢梁抗剥离夹具研制及应用试验

外贴碳纤维板是钢梁抗弯加固的常用方法,但其端部易因界面应力集中导致剥离破坏,严重影响高性能材料的有效利用,特别是结构加固后的安全服役.为此开发出一种适用于H型钢梁的简易夹具——C形槽板夹,以加强碳纤维板的端部锚固.通过多根带夹碳纤维板加固梁的静力加载试验,验证了此夹具的可靠性,并考察了碳纤维板伸入剪跨段长度与剪跨段长度之比及锚固方式(纯粘、端锚和混锚)对加固效果的影响.研究发现端锚加固不同于纯粘,只要梁的控制截面仍在夹具之间,碳纤维板的极限应力、加固效果及利用效率均随其长度缩短而提高,当碳纤维板长度分别为600、750 mm时,前者极限应变和承载力比后者分别高27.3%和8.1%.由于钢梁表面处理质量较差,混锚加固梁均发生突然剥离,后期退化为端锚加固梁,因而相比端锚加固梁加固效果改善不大,需要提高表面处理质量再做类似研究.尽管如此,相比纯粘加固梁,混锚加固梁采用C形槽板夹后剥离破坏被延迟,抗弯性能大为改善.试验过程中还用压电阻抗法对界面剥离情况进行了检测,结果符合实际.