Levulinic acid is a kind of new green platform chemical with wide application. The kinetics of levulinic acid formation from glucose decomposition at high temperature was investigated. Glucose containing 1%, 3% or 5% ...Levulinic acid is a kind of new green platform chemical with wide application. The kinetics of levulinic acid formation from glucose decomposition at high temperature was investigated. Glucose containing 1%, 3% or 5% H2SO4 was treated at 170℃ or 190℃. For the various experimental conditions assayed, the time-courses of glucose and glucose degradation products (including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid) were established. These variables were cor-related with the reaction time based on the equations derived from a pseudo-homogeneous, first-order kinetic model, which provided a satisfactory interpretation of the experimental results. The set of kinetic parameters from regression of experimental data provided useful information for understanding the levulinic acid formation mechanism.展开更多
Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw mate...Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw material,has been widely used for the production of renewable polymer materials via converting into various of chemical monomers with active functional groups.This comprehensive review deals with various aspects of cardanol as a starting material the preparing various polymer and polymer composites such as benzoxazine resins,phenolic resin,polyurethanes,epoxy resin,vinyl ester polymers,polyamide and cyanate ester resins.The assessment of the future prospects for the use of cardanol to synthesise novel and valuable renewable materials is presented.展开更多
Over the past two decades, research on transforming lignocellulosic biomass into small molecule chemicals byusing catalytic liquefaction has made great progress. Notably, in recent years it has been found the producti...Over the past two decades, research on transforming lignocellulosic biomass into small molecule chemicals byusing catalytic liquefaction has made great progress. Notably, in recent years it has been found the production of smallmolecule chemicals through directional liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding the liquefactionmechanism of lignocellulosic biomass is highly important. In this review, the liquefaction mechanism of lignocellulosicbiomass and model compounds of cellulose are described, and some problems and suggestions to address them aredescribed.展开更多
Biorefneries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock to produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative to petroleum chemicals.Using waste streams such as food waste and agricultural ...Biorefneries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock to produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative to petroleum chemicals.Using waste streams such as food waste and agricultural waste as a feedstock for biorefneries is a promising approach for obtaining value-added products in an economically feasible and sustainable way.The conversion of biomass to chemicals ofers diverse opportunities but poses new technological challenges.This paper aims to review the current state of food and agricultural waste valorisation by giving a brief technical overview,summarizing the current state of the bio-based market,and identifying the current barriers to scaling-up biorefneries.Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass in biorefneries calls for pre-treatment due to its complex structure,in which biomass is broken into monosaccharides,building blocks of value-added products.Diferent state of the art technologies for lignocellulose pre-treatment is introduced in the review followed by a brief explanation of the role of the hydrolysis and fermentation.The economic aspect of chemical production from biomass waste at an industrial scale is also introduced by giving an overview of some recent techno-economic studies.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Educational Committee (No.200510459056).
文摘Levulinic acid is a kind of new green platform chemical with wide application. The kinetics of levulinic acid formation from glucose decomposition at high temperature was investigated. Glucose containing 1%, 3% or 5% H2SO4 was treated at 170℃ or 190℃. For the various experimental conditions assayed, the time-courses of glucose and glucose degradation products (including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and levulinic acid) were established. These variables were cor-related with the reaction time based on the equations derived from a pseudo-homogeneous, first-order kinetic model, which provided a satisfactory interpretation of the experimental results. The set of kinetic parameters from regression of experimental data provided useful information for understanding the levulinic acid formation mechanism.
基金supported by the Open Fund Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials(Grants No.JSBEM201907)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31570563)the fund project of Yele Science and Technology Innovation(Grants No.YL201807).
文摘Polymers from renewable resources are receiving tremendous attention due to the increasing concerns on the depletion of fossil oils and deteriorated environments.Cardanol,as an abundant and renewable chemical raw material,has been widely used for the production of renewable polymer materials via converting into various of chemical monomers with active functional groups.This comprehensive review deals with various aspects of cardanol as a starting material the preparing various polymer and polymer composites such as benzoxazine resins,phenolic resin,polyurethanes,epoxy resin,vinyl ester polymers,polyamide and cyanate ester resins.The assessment of the future prospects for the use of cardanol to synthesise novel and valuable renewable materials is presented.
文摘Over the past two decades, research on transforming lignocellulosic biomass into small molecule chemicals byusing catalytic liquefaction has made great progress. Notably, in recent years it has been found the production of smallmolecule chemicals through directional liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding the liquefactionmechanism of lignocellulosic biomass is highly important. In this review, the liquefaction mechanism of lignocellulosicbiomass and model compounds of cellulose are described, and some problems and suggestions to address them aredescribed.
基金The research was funded by ERASMUS+International Master of Science in Environmental Technology and Engineering(IMETE)to pursue the MSc programme(2017–1957/001–001-EMJMD).
文摘Biorefneries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock to produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative to petroleum chemicals.Using waste streams such as food waste and agricultural waste as a feedstock for biorefneries is a promising approach for obtaining value-added products in an economically feasible and sustainable way.The conversion of biomass to chemicals ofers diverse opportunities but poses new technological challenges.This paper aims to review the current state of food and agricultural waste valorisation by giving a brief technical overview,summarizing the current state of the bio-based market,and identifying the current barriers to scaling-up biorefneries.Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass in biorefneries calls for pre-treatment due to its complex structure,in which biomass is broken into monosaccharides,building blocks of value-added products.Diferent state of the art technologies for lignocellulose pre-treatment is introduced in the review followed by a brief explanation of the role of the hydrolysis and fermentation.The economic aspect of chemical production from biomass waste at an industrial scale is also introduced by giving an overview of some recent techno-economic studies.
