High-speed polarization mode dispersion compensation in a 43-Gb/s RZ-DQPSK transmission system over 1200 km of standard single-mode fibre

This paper reports that the designed optical polarization mode dispersion compensator shows a good performance under the real-time variation of differential group delay, state of polarization and principal state of polarization in a （40×43）-Gb/s dense-wavelength-multiplexing, 1200-km enhanced return-to-zero differential-quadrature-phase-shift- keying （RZ-DQPSK） system. The polarization mode dispersion tolerance of the system is improved by 26 ps using the optical polarization mode dispersion compensator. The short and long time stabilities are tested with the bit error ratio recorded.

PSO-based Control Algorithm for Polarization Mode Dispersion Self-adaptive Compensation

Polarization mode dispersion(PMD) is considered to be the ultimate limitation in high-speed optical fiber communication systems. Establishing an effective control algorithm for adaptive PMD compensation is a challenging task, because PMD possesses the time-varying and statistical properties. The particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is introduced into self-adaptive PMD compensation as feedback control algorithm. The experiment results show that PSO-based control algorithm has some unique features of rapid convergence to the global optimum without being trapped in local sub-optima and good robustness to noise in the optical fiber transmission line that has never been achieved in PMD compensation before.

Multichannel Adaptive Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation with One Compensator in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Transmission Systems

A simple two-section polarization mode dispersion(PMD) compensator is proposed for multichannel PMD compensation, which can compensate two or even more channels simultaneously. Because of the statistical characteristics and the frequency-dependence of PMD, for current single mode fiber with moderate PMD, the probability that all channels are severely degraded at the same time is extremely small, which makes it possible to compensate a dense wavelength division multiplexing(DWDM) transmission system with moderate PMD using this compensator. It is shown that the outage probability of a 40×43 Gb/s DWDM transmission system using this compensator is decreased significantly from 3.6×10-3 to 3.6×10-5.

A theoretical and experimental study on all-normal-dispersion Yb-doped mode-locked fiber lasers

We report on a theoretical and experimental study of an all-normal-dispersion （ANDi） Yb-doped mode-locked fiber laser, in which nonlinear polarization rotation （NPR） is used to realize mode-locking without any dispersion compensation. Based on the coupled nonlinear Schr6dinger （CNLS） equation, a model simulating the mode-locked process of an all-normal-dispersion ring fiber laser is developed, which shows that the achievement of stable mode-locking depends on the alignment of the polarization controller （PC） along the fast-polarization axis of the fiber, the birefringence intensity, and the net cavity dispersion. According to the theoretical analysis, stable mode-locked pulses with pulse duration 300 ps and average output power 33.9 mW at repetition rate 36 MHz are obtained.

一种融合改进TF-IDF与词典模型的情感分类算法

针对传统情感文本分类算法存在情感特征词的极性偏好区分度较低和稳定性较差等问题,提出了一种改进词频-逆文本频率(TF-IDF)模型与词典模型相融合的情感文本分类算法。首先,通过情感特征词在不同情感类型语料中的频率分布和离散系数,度量情感特征词极性偏好所包含的区分度和稳定性,生成情感特征词极性指标;然后,使用该指标改进TF-IDF模型的情感特征词权重;最后,基于改进的TF-IDF模型,使用带决策函数的有监督分类算法计算情感文本的极性得分,并与词典模型所得的极性得分进行调和平均,得到情感文本综合极性得分。

Impact of polarization mode dispersion and nonlinearities on 2-channel DWDM chaotic communication systems

This paper has designed 2-channel dense wavelength division multiplexing （DWDM） chaotic sys- tem at the frequencies of 193.1 and 193,2THz, respec- tively. The optical chaotic signals were produced by using the semiconductor laser that is numerically modeled by employing laser rate equations. These two channels were multiplexed and then propagated through single mode optical fiber （SMF） of 80kin length with dispersion compensating fiber of 16 km length. Erbium doped fiber amplifier （EDFA） was used to compensate the power losses in the SMF. In lhis paper, we investigated the effects of polarization mode dispersion （PMD） and nonlinearities especially stimulated Raman scattering （SRS） on 2 channel DWDM chaotic communication system by varying the length of the SMF and value of differential group delay （DGD）.

Noise-like pulse generation from a thulium-doped fiber laser using nonlinear polarization rotation with different net anomalous dispersion

A mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser(TDFL) based on nonlinear polarization rotation(NPR) with different net anomalous dispersion is demonstrated. When the cavity dispersion is-1.425 ps^2, the noise-like(NL) pulse with coherence spike width of 406 fs and pulse energy of 12.342 nJ is generated at a center wavelength of 2003.2 nm with 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 23.20 nm. In the experimental period of 400 min, the 3 dB spectral bandwidth variation, the output power fluctuation, and the central wavelength shift are less than 0.06 nm, 0.04 d B, and0.4 nm, respectively, indicating that the NPR-based TDFL operating in the NL regime holds good long-term stability.

The Effect of Polarization Mode Dispersion on the Transmission System Using Dispersion Compensation Fiber

In this paper, we simulate the effect of Polarization Mode Dispersion( PMD ) on 40 Gb/s dispersion compensation transmission system by resolving the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation, and calculate the performance of system with different duty cycle order and chirp of the super Gaussian pulse. The results show that the performance of the system changes with these parameters, and there is a group of optimum parameters for the optimum performance of the system.

A novel tunable polarization mode dispersion compensator with strain chirped fiber Bragg gratings

A tunable polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensator based on strain-ckirped fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is proposed. It natures in flexible designing, large tuning range, without using linear or nonlinear chirped phase mask, fast tuning response time, continuously adjustable, all-fiber based, compact, and cheap.

Generation of DQPSK format and its performance against polarization mode dispersion

We propose a novel transmitter and receiver for differential quadrature phase-shift keying （DQPSK） format. The impact of the first-order polarization mode dispersion （PMD） on systems using DQPSK with 100- Gb/s non-return-to-zero （NRZ） or return-to-zero （RZ） format is investigated. Through computing the eye openings of DQPSK formats under different PMD conditions, it is found that NRZ DQPSK, as compared with RZ DQPSK, incurs smaller eye opening due to PMD. Carrier-suppressed return-to-zero （CSRZ） DQPSK format has better tolerance than RZ DQPSK format to PMD for a given bit rate.

Polarization Mode Dispersion Probability Distribution for Arbitrary Mode Coupling

The probability distribution of the differential group delay for arbitrary mode coupling is simulated with Monte-Carlo method. Fitting the simulation results, we obtain probability distribution function for arbitrary mode coupling.

Filter control polarization mode dispersion in dispersion managed soliton systems

In this paper, the dispersion managed soliton (DMS) transmission equation is built on considering the effects of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and filter control. The DMS transmission of filtering control in constant birefringence fibers is firstly analyzed by varitional method, from which the evolving rules of characteristical DMS parameters are obtained. Secondly, the stability of DMS transmission and its timing jitter are investigated in the random varying birefringence fibers with the conventional model of PMD. The results reveal that filter control DMS system has powerful robustness to PMD effects and DMS's timing jitter can be decreased considerably with the help of filters.

Key Techniques in Adaptive Polarization Mode Dispersion Compensation: Sampling and Feedback Control

This paper presents the sampling and feedback control techniques, which are the kernel of our experiment on adaptive Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) compensation for optical fiber communication systems. Some key points on sampling and feedback techniques are discussed and practical resolutions for them are put forward.

IC-PSO算法的收敛性分析及应用研究

针对标准PSO算法后期迭代搜索效率不高,容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出将免疫克隆(IC)原理引入PSO算法中,把抗体视为粒子,根据亲和度的高低进行粒子克隆选择、克隆抑制和高频变异,提高了种群的多样性和全局搜索的能力。并将其应用于40Gb/s的传输系统中进行了DOP优化补偿实验,算法补偿所需时间约为71ms。通过对比补偿前后的信号眼图可以发现,PMD补偿后,信号眼图张开度有明显改善,证明了算法的有效性。

饱和吸收体恢复时间对正交偏振耗散孤子的影响

偏振在脉冲锁模时,对其塑形和稳定起着至关重要的作用。本研究开发了一种用于产生正交偏振耗散孤子的被动锁模石墨烯光纤激光器的正交偏振数值模拟。重点是分析由偏振依赖的石墨烯微光纤饱和吸收体引起的净正常色散双折射腔对正交偏振孤子的影响。研究结果表明,这种饱和吸收体的恢复时间显著影响正交偏振耗散脉冲的特性,如能量、脉宽、时间带宽乘积和啁啾。结果显示,其恢复时间为120飞秒时最佳,产生两个具有大啁啾的正交偏振的窄耗散孤子脉冲,分别约为7.47 ps和8.06 ps。这对于开发紧凑、高功率、偏振耗散孤子光纤激光系统具有重要意义。

Hi-Bi-NLCFBG用于补偿PMD的研究

分析了一种可调节的偏振模色散 (PMD)补偿器 ,该补偿器是一个高双折射光纤制成的非线性啁啾光纤光栅 ,并首次分析了该非线性啁啾光纤光栅中的光谱特性和时延曲线 ;同时采用一个压电转换 (PZT)拉伸器对该光栅进行均匀拉伸 ,以达到调节的目的 .最后提出了一种

100Gb/sPM-QPSK相干光接收系统中改进的带内OSNR监测方法（英文）

为保证偏分复用正交相移键控（PM-QPSK）相干光通信系统的传输性能,提出了一种改进的基于高阶统计矩的光信噪比监测方案.该方案针对不同调制格式给出了不同的修正值,因此对调制格式透明.在搭建的100Gb/s PM-QPSK相干接收系统中对该方案进行了数值仿真,结果表明：当光信噪比在5~25dB的范围内,不同占空比调制码型的监测误差均小于0.5dB;光信噪比参考值为14dB时,在0.5dB的监测范围内,色散容忍度为2 400ps/nm,对一阶偏振模色散的容忍度为62ps.

Decoherence-free subspace and entanglement sudden death of multi-photon polarization states in fiber channels

The construction of quantum networks requires long-distance teleportation of multi-qubit entangled states.Here,we investigate the entanglement dynamics of GHZ and W states in fiber channels.In a fiber channel,the two most important phenomena that affect polarization entanglement are polarization mode dispersion(PMD)and polarization-dependent loss(PDL).We theoretically characterize how PMD and PDL vectors affect three-qubit states.In particular,upon quantifying the entanglement at the output states using concurrence and entanglement witnesses,we reveal the occurrence of entanglement sudden death and the appearance of decoherence-free subspaces in tripartite systems.Finally,we explore the evolution of GHZ and W state with an arbitrary number of photons in a fiber network and discuss the decoherence mechanism of the 4-party cluster state.

Microwave frequency transfer over a 112-km urban fiber link based on electronic phase compensation

We demonstrate the transmission of a microwave frequency signal at 10 GHz over a 112-km urban fiber link based on a novel simple-architecture electronic phase compensation system.The key element of the system is the low noise frequency divider by 4 to differentiate the frequency of the forward signal from that of the backward one,thus suppressing the effect of Brillouin backscattering and parasitic reflection along the link.In terms of overlapping Allan deviation,the frequency transfer instability of 4.2×10-15 at 1-s integration time and 1.6×10-18 at one-day integration time was achieved.In addition,its sensitivity to the polarization mode dispersion in fiber is analyzed by comparing the results with and without laser polarization scrambling.Generally,with simplicity and robustness,the system can offer great potentials in constructing cascaded frequency transfer system and facilitate the building of fiber-based microwave transfer network.

Widening DGD Dynamic Range of DOP-based PMD Monitor Using Band-pass Filter

The theoretical and experimental analyses of widening the differential group delay (DGD) dynamic range of degree of polarization(DOP)-based polarization mode dispersion monitor using a band-pass filter are presented. The experiment shows that the maximum DGD monitoring range is widened up to ~6ps using band-pass filter. At the same time, DOP sensitivity has a little change. The experimental results are in accordance with the numerical ones.