Low-repetition-rate, all-polarization-maintaining Yb-doped fiber laser mode-locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber

A low-repetition-rate, all-polarization-maintaining（PM）-fiber sub-nanosecond oscillator is presented, which is simple and low-cost, composed of standard components. The ring cavity is elongated by 114-m-long standard PM fiber, and passively mode-locked by a fiber pigtailed semiconductor saturable absorber. Linearly polarized pulses with 1.66 MHz repetition rate and 22 dB polarization extinction ratio are generated at a wavelength of 1030 nm, which is determined by an intracavity filter. In addition, to demonstrate that the oscillator is a good seed for high energy pulse generation, an all-fiber master oscillator power amplifier is built and amplified pulses with energy about 2 μJ are obtained.

Microstructure and properties of novel polarization maintaining fiber

An improved type of elliptical jacket polarization maintaining fiber was developed by using a modified chemical vapor deposition method with special treatment. Different from conventional elliptical jacket, the shape of the stress jacket was transmuted. The cross-section of fiber consists of 5 layers: substrate, outer cladding, stress jacket, inner cladding and core. The cross sectional component distribution was investigated by electron probe microscopy and energy dispersive spectrum. The finite element method was used to calculate the stress birefringence. Based on the analyses of the microstructure, the technological process is improved. The temperature cycling test of the fiber wound into gyroscope coils was performed. The results show that the fiber possesses superior performance at high and low temperatures compared with other fibers. The high homogeneity is achieved by well-controlled modified chemical vapor deposition process. A homogeneous length of 8 km fiber is obtained. With advantages in homogeneity and length, the fiber has great potential in applications such as fiber gyroscopes, fiber hydrophone and other optical fiber sensors.

A tunable comb filter using single-mode/multimode/polarization-maintaining-fiber-based Sagnac fiber loop

A novel tunable comb filter composed of a single-mode/multimode/polarization-maintaining-fiber-based Sagnac fiber loop is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The filter tunability is achieved by rotating the polarization controller. The spectral shift is dependent on rotation direction and the position of the polarization controller. In addition, the adjustable range achieved by rotating the half-wave-plate polarization controller is twice higher than that of the quarter-wave-plate one.

Coupling Character of Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Under the Condition of Bend

In the field of optical fiber communication and sensing,polarization maintaining optical fiber with special polarization wave transmit character has been taken more and more attentions.It is more important of couple between polarization modes,with the help of microdisturbed and coupled mode theories,the coupled characters of high birefracting Bow-Tie optical fiber in the condition of pure bend are analysed,and power coupling relationships between transmit modes are also derivated.

Generation of a mid-infrared broadband polarized supercontinuum in As_2Se_3 photonic crystal fibers

A simplified structure of birefringent chalcogenide As 2 Se 3 photonic crystal fiber（PCF） is designed.Properties of birefringence,polarization extinction ratio,chromatic dispersion,nonlinear coefficient,and transmission are studied by using the multipole method,the finite-difference beam propagation method,and the adaptive split-step Fourier method.Considering that the zero dispersion wavelength of our proposed fiber is about 4 μm,we have analysed the mechanism of spectral broadening in PCFs with different pitches in detail,with femtosecond pulses at a wavelength of 4 μm as the pump pulses.Especially,mid-infrared broadband polarized supercontinuums are obtained in a 3-cm PCF with an optimal pitch of 2 μm.Their spectral width at 20 dB reaches up to 12 μm.In the birefringent PCF,we find that the supercontinuum generation changes with the pump alignment angle.Research results show that no coupling between eigenpolarization modes are observed at the maximum average power（i.e.,37 mW）,which indicates that the polarization state is well maintained.

High-Sensitivity Temperature Sensor Based on Polarization Maintaining Fiber Sagnac Loop

A high-sensitivity all-fiber temperature sensor based on a Sagnac interferometer is demonstrated by splicing a section of polarization maintaining fiber(PMF)between two sections of standard single mode fibers(SMFs).In this sensor,the SMF-PMF-SMF structure in the Sagnac loop is bent into a circle to enhance the sensitivity.The length and curvature of the PMF in the loop are investigated and can be optimized to further increase the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. Results show that the radius of the circle has an important effect upon temperature sensitivity due to the bend-induced birefringence variation of the PMF.The SMF-PMF-SMF structure bent into a circle with a radius of 30mm exhibits a high-sensitivity temperature of 1.73nm/℃.The sensor is provided with the advantages of easy fabrication,low-insertion loss,and high sensitivity,which may find potential applications in the field of high precision temperature measurement.

All-fiber high-power linearly polarized supercontinuum generation from polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers

We demonstrate an all-fiber high-power linearly polarized supercontinuum source with polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fibers(PM-PCFs)as the nonlinear medium.The source exhibits an average output power of 3.8 W with a flat spectrum from 480 nm to 2100 nm at the-10 dB level,except for the residual pump peak.The polarization extinction ratio(PER)is measured to be greater than 20 dB at selected sample wavelength points(532 nm,1064 nm and 1550 nm)at the highest pump power level and greater than 20 dB at all wavelengths from 800 nm to 1500 nm at the low pump power level.We also experimentally study the spectral properties when the pump light propagates along different axes of the PM-PCF.The results show that propagating parallel to the slow axis enables a broader spectrum in the PM-PCF in this case,probably due to matching of the dispersion properties with the pump light,which is qualitatively in accordance with the numerical simulation.To our best knowledge,this is the first demonstration of a watt-level linearly polarized supercontinuum source generated from PM-PCFs in an all-fiber structure.

Refractive index and temperature sensing characteristics of an optical fiber sensor based on a tapered single mode fiber/polarization maintaining fiber

An evanescent field optical fiber sensor based on a short section of polarization maintaining fiber spliced with a tapered single mode fiber is proposed and experimentally investigated. We mainly focus on the refractive index （RI） and temperature sensing characteristics of this compact device. The transmission spectrum of the resonance wavelength, induced by the interference between the excited low order cladding modes and core modes, shows the quadratic function relationships with RI and linear relationships with temperature. Thus, the proposal of this simple-to-fabricate, compact, and low cost sensor shows its possible potential in the sensitive detection field.

Low Loss Polarization Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber

A low loss polarization maintaining photonic crystal fiber has been fabricated. The fiber loss was 1.3 dB/km at 1550 nm. The polarization crosstalk for a 100-m fiber was -35 dB at 1550 nm.

基于PMF-Sagnac环结构的光纤压力传感特性研究

提出了一种基于熊猫保偏光纤(PMF)-Sagnac环结构的光纤压力传感系统。利用PMF对外界环境的双折射敏感且可进行窄带滤波特性,搭建了压力传感系统,并对该传感系统进行了解调。系统结构简单,成本低,易操作。理论分析表明:当传感单元固定,随着压力的增加,传感系统干涉光的波长漂移呈线性变化。实验验证了传感头分别为1 m和2 m的传感器的压力传感特性。结果显示:随着压力的升高,该传感系统干涉光的波长呈线性变化,线性度分别为0.998和0.995;灵敏度分别为0.258 nm/N和0.133 nm/N;且随着传感光纤长度的增加,透射谱波谷的3 d B带宽不会改变。

Self-starting all-fiber PM Er:laser mode locked by a biased nonlinear amplifying loop mirror

A compact all-fiber polarization-maintaining Er:laser using a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror is reported. Fundamental single-pulse mode-locking operation can always self start, with a cavity round-trip decreased from ~ 4.7 m to~ 1.7 m. When the pulse repetition rate is 121.0328 MHz, output pulse is measured to have a center wavelength/3-d B spectral bandwidth/radio frequency signal to noise ratio(SNR)/pulse width of 1571.65 nm/18.70 nm/80 d B/477 fs, respectively. Besides, three states including the exponential growth, damping state, and steady state are investigated through the build-up process both experimentally and numerically. Excellent stability of this compact Er:laser is further evaluated,demonstrating that it can be an easy-fabrication maintenance-free ultrafast candidate for the scientific area of this kind.

保偏光纤制备及其参数测试原理

为了研制工作波长为1310 nm的保偏光纤,采用改进的化学气相沉积工艺制备了保偏光纤预制捧和应力棒,经加工、拼接、清洗、拉丝工艺后,得到几何尺寸精确的高质量保偏光纤;同时搭建了高效测试系统,采用折射近场法、远场扫描法、视频灰度技术(传输近场),分别测量了预制棒的折射率分布和几何尺寸,保偏光纤模场直径、数值孔径、几何尺寸等关键参数。结果表明,此标准化测试系统操作流程简单、结果精确;模场直径为6.26μm,数值孔径为0.23,包涂直径80μm/135μm/165μm(精度±0.7μm);终检测试合格的光纤成品随机抽样16.25%,高低温老化实验后拍长、串音变化小。所研制的保偏光纤性能稳定,几何尺寸精确、结构均匀、损耗低,具有优良保偏性能,已广泛应用于实际生产中。

保偏光纤偏振消光比量值稳定方法研究

偏振消光比通常是表征保偏光纤性能的重要参数,保偏光纤主要用于传输偏振光。随着保偏光纤及其相关产品在航空航天、工业制造等领域的广泛应用,对偏振消光比测试仪的校准需求日益增加。目前采用标准保偏光纤作为标准传递,但其消光比值易受外界环境影响,稳定性较差。为了解决这一问题,采用偏振片和1/4波长组合的方式来开展偏振消光比的标准传递,通过改变透射光的偏振态来获得不同的消光比值,同时提出一种保持消光比量值稳定的方法。经过验证,标准传递的光路为空间光传输,偏振消光比可以达到50dB,重复性优于0.1dB,可以很好地满足偏振消光比计的校准需求。

结构调制型长周期光纤光栅温度传感器研究

燃油系统的温度监测对于飞行器的安全、性能和可靠性至关重要。本文提出并测试了一种基于激光蚀刻法在保偏光纤上制备的长周期光纤光栅温度传感器,有望用于飞机内部液体温度监测。通过解调该种光纤光栅谐振峰的波长变化,可以实现对环境温度的精准测量。试验结果表明,该传感器具有83.1pm/℃的温度灵敏度和0.32 pm/με的低应变响应。由于光纤具有耐腐蚀、抗电磁干扰,不易产生电火花等特性,在替代电学传感器使用时可以提升飞行器的安全性。

检偏器对轴角度误差对光纤环偏振耦合测量的影响研究

为了分析检偏器偏振轴与光纤偏振主轴间的对轴角度误差对光纤环偏振耦合强度测量结果的影响,从理论上分析了采用光相干域偏振检测(OCDP)技术测试光纤环偏振耦合强度的基本原理,建立了光纤环中偏振耦合点耦合强度与检偏器对轴角度间的关系模型。根据模型仿真分析了耦合点偏振耦合强度测量值随检偏器对轴角度的变化规律。仿真结果表明:当检偏器偏振轴与光纤环偏振轴夹角为45°时测量误差最小,夹角偏离45°越大,产生的强度测量误差越大。当检偏器偏振轴与光纤环偏振轴的对轴误差为0.6°时,对轴误差引起的偏振耦合强度测量误差为0.18 dB。将对轴误差控制在3°以内,可使得偏振轴对轴误差引起的偏振耦合强度测量误差<1 dB。

基于双层孔结构的850nm超细径保偏光子晶体光纤

光子晶体光纤由高纯度石英玻璃制备而成,具备弯曲损耗小、环境适应性强等优点,尤其适用于恶劣应用环境下的高稳定光纤陀螺。传统光子晶体光纤内部微孔占据了较大的空间,导致光纤直径大,并且主要工作波段为1550nm,无法满足小型化、高精度光纤陀螺需求。提出了双层空气孔结构缩小光纤直径,通过微孔尺寸调节降低光纤损耗,并使光纤限制损耗具有偏振相关性,从而实现超细径保偏光子晶体光纤设计。采用“堆积拉制”法制备了Φ60/100μm光子晶体光纤样品,经截断法测试光纤损耗为6.5dB/km@850nm,偏振串音-15dB@100m。

双芯介电手性圆保偏光纤分束器

目前,由线偏振分束器和1/4波片所组成圆偏振保持的分束器应用在光纤系统中具有难以避免的对准误差。本文提出了一种基于双芯介电手性光子晶体光纤的圆保偏光纤分束器,仿真结果表明,在弱手性背景(δ=27.6°/mm)下,该偏振分束器在中心波长为1.55μm时的长度可低至57.46 mm,中心波段的消光比ER=41.25 dB并且在ER>20 dB的光谱宽度为14 nm,该分束器可以应用于光学集成、光纤通信和光纤传感等领域。

类矩形保偏光纤应力双折射分析

采用有限元方法对“类矩形”保偏光纤的应力双折射进行了分析,给出了保偏光纤横截面上的应力分布图形及应力双折射分布曲线;应用全矢量电磁场有限元方法,计算了保偏光纤的两个偏振模场的分布、传输常数及模式双折射.在给定模拟条件下,纤芯的应力双折射约为 3. 33×10-4,其模式双折射约为 3. 72×10-4.计算结果表明,这种“类矩形”保偏光纤与其它保偏光纤相比,有几个明显的优点,即有更佳的应力传递效果、均匀的应力场分布、更大的应力双折射.

白光扫描干涉仪用于保偏光纤偏振耦合检测

采用白光扫描干涉法,利用Michelson干涉仪中移动臂的移动补偿保偏光纤中产生的光程差,从而实现对保偏光纤绕组中偏振耦合点的耦合强度及空间位置分布的有效检测。分析了白光干涉仪的原理、结构以及干涉条纹特点,进行了保偏光纤环的扫描测量。结果表明,第一个保偏光纤环的质量优于其他各环,证明了仪器设计理论和实验结果相符。

高保偏聚合物光子晶体光纤的化学制备技术研究

研究了大尺寸高保偏聚合物光子晶体光纤(polymerPhotonicCrystalFibers,pPCFs)预制棒的化学原位制备技术.采用预聚物浇铸后加热聚合方法,成功制备了具有高保偏性能的光纤预制棒,给出了聚合反应的最佳条件.对此预制棒进行二次拉伸及光学和化学性质的测试表明,该方法得到的预制棒力学结构稳定、光学透明度高,且拉伸所得光纤微结构保持完好、微孔坍塌率低、非固有损耗小.若在聚合反应体系中加入适量的激光染料或其它稀土有机螯合物等物质,可得到具有荧光性的高保偏聚合物光子晶体光纤预制棒,为保偏型聚合物光子晶体光纤激光器的研制提供新材料.