Glaucoma drainage device implantation and cyclophotocoagulation in the management of refractory glaucoma after Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

AIM:To compare the surgical outcomes of glaucoma drainage device implantation(GDI)and trans-scleral neodymium:YAG cyclophotocoagulation(CPC)in the management of refractory glaucoma after Descemetstripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK).METHODS:This retrospective study on observational case series enrolled 29 patients who underwent DSAEK and posterior anti-glaucoma surgery(15 with GDI and 14 with CPC).The main outcome measures were intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma surgery success rate(defined as IOP of 6–21 mm Hg without additional anti-glaucoma operation),number of glaucoma medications,endothelial graft status,and best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).RESULTS:The mean follow-up time was 34.1 and 21.0mo for DSAEK or glaucoma surgeries,both for the GDI and CPC groups.Both groups showed significant IOP reduction after glaucoma surgery.The GDI group presented a significantly higher success rate in IOP control than the CPC group(60%vs 21.4%,P=0.03).Both procedures significantly decreased the number of glaucoma medications(P=0.03).Forty percent and 57%of cases in the GDI and the CPC group,respectively,experienced endothelial graft failure during follow-up(P=0.36).Significantly worse BCVA after surgery was observed in the CPC group but not in the GDI group.CONCLUSION:Both GDI and CPC significantly decrease IOP in eyes with glaucoma after DSAEK.GDI is preferable to CPC in refractory glaucoma cases after DSAEK,as it manifests a significantly higher success rate for IOP control,similar endothelial graft failure rate,and relatively preserves BCVA than CPC.

Cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in“hostile”environments:Using automated compression devices to minimize the rescuers’danger

Mechanical automated compression devices are being used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation instead of manual,“hands-on”,rescuer-delivered chest compressions.The-theoretical-advantages include high-quality non-stop compressions,thus freeing the rescuer performing the compressions and additionally the ability of the rescuer to stand reasonably away from a potentially“hazardous”victim,or from hazardous and/or difficult resuscitation conditions.Such circumstances involve cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory,especially directly under the fluoroscopy panel,where radiation is well known to cause detrimental effects to the rescuer,and CPR during/after land or air transportation of cardiac arrest victims.Lastly,CPR in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient/ward,where the danger of contamination and further serious illness of the health provider is very existent.The scope of this review is to review and present literature and current guidelines regarding the use of mechanical compressions in these“hostile”and dangerous settings,while comparing them to manual compressions.

Implementation of Level-3 Autonomous Patient-Specific Quality Assurance with Automated Human Interactive Devices

Purpose: Patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) requires manual operation of different workstations, which is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, developing automated solutions to improve efficiency and accuracy is a priority. The purpose of this study was to develop a general software interface with scripting on a human interactive device (HID) for improving the efficiency and accuracy of manual quality assurance (QA) procedures. Methods: As an initial application, we aimed to automate our PSQA workflow that involves Varian Eclipse treatment planning system, Elekta MOSAIQ oncology information system and PTW Verisoft application. A general platform, the AutoFrame interface with two imbedded subsystems—the AutoFlow and the PyFlow, was developed with a scripting language for automating human operations of aforementioned systems. The interface included three functional modules: GUI module, UDF script interpreter and TCP/IP communication module. All workstations in the PSQA process were connected, and most manual operations were automated by AutoFrame sequentially or in parallel. Results: More than 20 PSQA tasks were performed both manually and using the developed AutoFrame interface. On average, 175 (±12) manual operations of the PSQA procedure were eliminated and performed by the automated process. The time to complete a PSQA task was 8.23 (±0.78) minutes for the automated workflow, in comparison to 13.91 (±3.01) minutes needed for manual operations. Conclusion: We have developed the AutoFrame interface framework that successfully automated our PSQA procedure, and significantly reduced the time, human (control/clicking/typing) errors, and operators’ stress. Future work will focus on improving the system’s flexibility and stability and extending its operations to other QA procedures.

基于Automation Studio的橡胶开炼机液压调距系统设计与仿真

针对现有机械式橡胶开炼机存在机构工作行程大、可靠性差、安全性低等问题,设计了一种橡胶开炼机液压调距系统。该系统通过液压泵吸油提升油液的压力推动液压杆,采用给定信号控制各阀门开口大小和开口方向实现液体的流向和速度改变,从而控制液压杆的位移和速度以实现调距功能。采用Automation Studio软件搭建液压调距系统仿真模型,得到该系统液压缸侧压力和液压杆位移随时间变化曲线,验证了此系统运行平稳,可代替传统调距装置实现调距功能。

The Automated System of Unified Templates as an Element of Trainability of Microprocessor Relay Protection Devices

The article discusses the possibility of further modernization of the standard microprocessor relay protection of AC overhead system feeders DPA-27.5-TNF, which is operated on the Trans-Baikal Railway by creating an additional automated system of unified templates necessary for the occurrence of “trainability” elements. The templates will be formed via a separate dedicated channel for transmission, processing and storage of the necessary information, not related to the operation of the terminal, with its subsequent visualization at the workplace of the duty personnel of traction substations, together with information from the “GID” software received via another dedicated wired channel. With the help of such a base of unified preset templates, in the future, it will be possible not only to identify the specific causes of each emergency shutdown but also to reduce their number by dynamically adjusting the existing presets of the standard operation algorithm.

基于OLE Automation技术实现MS Word在上位机软件中的应用

介绍了借助OLE A utom ation技术实现Borland C++Bu ilder与M S W ord融合的方法。重点阐述了用编程手段在M SW ord文档中自动完成试验报告的排版和编写,并将试验数据直接导入M SW ord文档,填写在相应的表格里,并根据测试项目的要求探讨了试验报告的排版和格式。

Comprehensive Automation of Microprocessor Protection Relay Terminals Operated on AC Railways

The article discusses the possibility of a potential reduction in the number of operations of microprocessor relay protection of feeders of the contact network of AC railways TsZA-27.5-FKS (FTS) for unknown reasons. Real statistics on the number of microprocessor relay protection operations at the Buryatskaya traction substation are presented, simulation of the real train situation (in accordance with the regime maps of the throughput capacity of the sections of the Trans-Baikal railway) was carried out in the specialized software complex “KORTES”. Based on the results of the analysis of simulation modeling, the process of forming a unified template of settings using neural network technologies is considered, which characterizes only this specific regular train situation. To protect objects in the event of pre-emergency and emergency modes of operation of the traction power supply system, a variant of changing the standard operation algorithm of the TsZA-27.5-FKS (FTS) terminal by introducing additional blocks for calculating the predictive functions of current and voltage has been proposed.

纤维包自动除带及拆袋机抱夹装置静力学仿真分析

为降低工人劳动强度,实现面向直行往复式自动抓棉机的纤维包自动化搬运与排放,在所设计的基于自动导向车(AGV)的抱夹车结构基础上,使用ANSYS Workbench对抱夹车的抱夹装置、抱夹支撑装置及其整体进行了静力学仿真分析,得到了各主要机构的最大应力所在位置和最大应力的数值,以及装置在约束下的最大变形量。经分析,抱夹爪最大应力发生在夹爪根部,为57.26 MPa,结构优化后的抱夹爪驱动机构最大应力为217.26 MPa,抱夹车最大变形量为3.0269 mm,最大应力发生在下支撑架上与上部滚轮接触的位置,为108.28 MPa,均满足材料强度要求。该研究验证了抱夹装置结构的强度与刚度,对不符合工作要求的薄弱构件进行了改进设计,确保了装置在实际工况下工作的可靠性与稳定性。

纤维包自动除带及拆袋机的抱夹装置设计

为降低工人劳动强度,实现面向直行往复式自动抓棉机的纤维包自动化搬运与排放,介绍了一种纤维包自动除带及拆袋机中的基于自动导向车(AGV)的抱夹车结构,并对抱夹车的抱夹装置结构进行了设计,确定了抱夹装置中抱夹爪的尺寸,对抱夹车的抱夹装置和抱夹支撑部分主要机构进行了设计计算,根据工作要求设计了抱夹爪传动机构的齿轮齿条参数;通过对纤维包和各构件进行受力分析,确定了各油缸的负载,并对油缸进行了选型。经设计,抱夹装置的夹爪高度为1 200 mm,夹爪长度为600 mm,两夹爪间的开合范围为660 mm~910 mm;抱夹爪油缸使用压力为140 kg/cm2,缸径为100 mm,行程为5 mm~280 mm;抱夹支撑机构油缸的最小工作压力为0.97 MPa,缸径为80 mm,杆径为40 mm,行程为400 mm。

通过式脚踏封口装置的自动化升级改造

企业在塑封重型工件包装袋工艺流程中,存在着人工消耗量大、次品率高、返工率高等问题,为此对其采用的通过式脚踏封口装置进行了自动化升级改造。不仅提供了具体的软、硬件设计方案,而且还利用SolidWorks Electrical软件进行了本装置虚拟电气装配。此改造方案在保证实现塑封过程全自动化、次品率为零的同时,将整个改造设备费用控制在1000元以内,为小型企业在节约成本的同时也节省了劳动力。

SOLIDWORKS Electrical在通过式脚踏封口机自动化改造设计中的应用

小型企业塑封工艺中通过式脚踏封口机应用广泛,但在塑封重型工件时,工人操作非常费力且次品率高,无法保障塑封质量,为此对其进行机构优化与软硬件设计自动化改造。利用SOLIDWORKS Electrical快速建立3D虚拟电气配盘与生成各类BOM清单,大大缩短了研发周期,安装人员还可以根据虚拟电气装配路径进行准确安装。最终设计出结构合理,满足生产工艺要求的自动化装置,企业以极少改造成本提质增效,为机电一体化装置自动化设计提供了一个高效开发途径。

伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置的设计与分析

随着修井作业朝着自动化方向发展,国内外均致力于研究自动化修井作业设备。文章结合自动化修井机特点,设计出一种伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置,分析了自动液压钳、扶正对中装置等主要结构,系统阐述了该装置的工作原理,计算得出液压钳钳牙与油管之间的防打滑条件,对背钳夹紧液压缸进行选型计算,设计出合适的自动液压钳以及整个装置的液压回路,保证该装置在工作时的安全性与稳定性。现场试验结果表明,伸缩式自动化井口上卸扣装置能够实现精准对中,快速平稳完成上卸扣作业,大大减轻了工人的工作强度,节省井口操作平台空间,提升工作效率,并提高了工人的安全性。

基于自动升降技术的变电站隔离开关断口安全隔离装置研究

为降低变电站隔离开关的检修风险,提高检修效率,采用模块化设计思路,设计了一种由自动移动系统、自动升降系统和绝缘隔离系统组成的自动隔离开关断口安全隔离装置。自动移动系统实现了装置的快速移动,自动升降系统实现了装置高度的调节,绝缘隔离系统则采用高性能绝缘材料实现安全隔离。该装置能够实现在不停电或小范围停电状态下的安全隔离,从而提高检修作业的安全性和经济性,可广泛应用于变电站检修作业中,对保障电网的安全稳定运行具有重要意义。

基于RTLAB虚实结合的馈线自动化测试

针对馈线自动化的功能测试问题,为避免配电终端接入实际配电网进行测试实验可能对电力系统的安全运行造成不利影响,同时为了提高测试的灵活性、效率性和正确性,文中提出了一种虚实结合的馈线自动化测试方法,利用RTLAB(Real Time Laboratory)实时全数字仿真器搭建配电网并模拟故障运行,设计具备保护、重合闸、就地式FA(Feeder Automation)功能的仿真型虚拟配电终端用于开展RTLAB实时仿真器与物理模型硬件在环仿真研究。文中设计的基于高性能线性功率放大器的接口实施方案被测配电终端接入测试系统形成闭环,构建了虚实结合的馈线自动化仿真测试环境。通过开展基本故障处理能力测试和容错能力测试的硬件在环仿真实验,验证了接口装置的准确性,同时验证了测试平台的有效性。

基于PLC的中空吹塑成型机开合模装置的系统设计

为提高吹塑制品生产的质量和效率,提升吹塑生产作业过程自动化程度和降低人力劳动强度,设计一套双工位中空吹塑成型机开合模装置及其液压系统和电气系统。结合工作流程对开合模装置总体方案进行设计,在控制系统硬件方面,确立控制系统总体方案,选择PLC型号、设计电路接线图和I/O分配表;在控制系统软件方面,在TIA Portal V16环境下,进行控制系统程序的编写和触摸屏的制作;最后在上位机编译中实现人机交互以及系统的调试。结果表明:该系统下的开合模装置运行精度、自动化程度得到了提高,改善了吹塑制品的生产质量,且缩短了产品的生产周期,满足工业生产要求。

基于MATLABGUI的自动化转运装置可靠度预计计算

根据自动化转运装置的结构组成与机构功能,首先建立了自动化转运装置的可靠性模型;利用应力强度干涉理论法、经验公式法、厂家提供寿命法将自动化转运装置的零部件进行分类,获取各个零部件寿命值;根据自动化转运装置设计使用工况,计算出各个传动系及零部件工作量;假设自动化转运装置零部件的可靠性服从指数分布,进行可靠度预计。利用MATLAB GUI编制自动化转运装置各个零部件、各个传动系工作量及可靠度预计计算界面,方便自动化转运装置可靠度预计的迭代,减少反复迭代过程中人为操作带来的输入错误。最终得到自动化转运装置各个零部件、各个传动系及整体的可靠度预计计算结果,为找出自动化转运装置的薄弱环节及后续运行过程中需关注的问题提供了数据支撑。

110 kV智能变电站综合自动化系统改造方案设计与研究

与常规变电站相比,智能变电站综合自动化系统改造时存在公共设备安全隔离、新旧装置通讯配合等危险点管控问题。针对这些问题,以某110 kV智能变电站为例,提出“三阶段停电”方案,对智能电子设备配置下装方案、综合自动化系统改造危险点等进行分析,以规避施工过程中的风险,为后续220 kV智能变电站综合自动化系统改造提供借鉴。

盾构管片智慧工厂的研究与应用

随着城市现代化的不断深入,盾构管片在市域铁路、隧道工程等领域发挥着至关重要的作用,通过智慧工厂进行管片的生产,可有效提升盾构管片生产自动化水平和生产效率。阐述了智慧工厂在管片生产各环节中智能设备的应用情况,以期为盾构管片的智能化生产提供借鉴。

基于智能电控的多段式静脉穿刺压脉装置设计与实现

为解决静脉穿刺在医疗卫生事业中对特殊群体(如老年人、儿童、肥胖者和重症患者)的穿刺困难以及传统装置的不稳定压力控制问题,文章设计了一种智能电控压力控制和多段式压力调节的静脉穿刺压脉装置。该装置主要包括电动增压泵、气动阀、压力传感器、单片机、显示数码管等5个部分。

面向新型电力系统的粗糙集和双流网络自动化物联设备故障诊断方法研究

在新型电力系统中,自动化物联设备类型多样,性能参数和状态指标众多,而目前主流基于深度学习的故障诊断方法,也存在参数较多、算法复杂等问题,难以满足实时应用。因此,文中提出一种基于粗糙集(rough set,RS)和双流网络(dual-stream network,DSN)的自动化物联设备故障快速诊断方法。首先构建物联设备故障判定函数,计算高压侧三相电流,针对连续属性和定性属性,采用离散化算法进行约简,输出故障特征集;然后利用卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)和门控循环单元(gated recurrent unit,GRU)组成的DSN对历史故障信息进行训练,最终实现快速故障诊断。实验证明所提方法能够精准检测新型电力系统的自动化物联设备故障,具有良好的应用性能,和同类深度学习算法相比,精准率平均提升4.35%,时间平均下降14%。