In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to...In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to reach the ultimate goal: competing in university athletics. However, when these athletes reach university, they are met with non-stop training, homework, exams, and evolving social lives. We have conducted a study at the University of Evansville evaluating how participation in university athletics may impact mental health status among these student athletes, as well as measuring players’ awareness of accessible mental health resources. Over fifty percent of participants reported experiencing at least one mental health condition while competing in their sport;eighty percent reported having knowledge of the mental health resources available to them on campus, however, nearly thirty percent of those knowledgeable reported not knowing how to access these resources. This has indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of mental health resources among student athletes at the University of Evansville.展开更多
目的:通过收集血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练的相关文献,依照系统评价和Meta分析的范式,分析血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练与抗阻训练对运动者肌肉相关指标和专项能力的不同影响,旨在为运动者在训练实践中运用血流限制训练提供数据支持。方...目的:通过收集血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练的相关文献,依照系统评价和Meta分析的范式,分析血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练与抗阻训练对运动者肌肉相关指标和专项能力的不同影响,旨在为运动者在训练实践中运用血流限制训练提供数据支持。方法:检索中外数据库(中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus),应用血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练对对象为运动者中大学生运动者肢体围度、肌肉质量、肌肉力量和专项运动能力影响的随机对照试验,检索起止时间为2000-01-01/2023-10-12。至少2名研究者采用Cochrane协作网偏倚风险评估工具和标准对纳入文献进行质量评价。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行异质性检验、数据合并、亚组分析、绘制森林图和敏感性分析,绘制漏斗图并进行发表偏倚评价和敏感性分析。评价指标为肢体围度、肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和专项能力等,对不同专项运动能力进行亚组分析。结果:①共纳入18项随机对照试验,共403例受试者,根据Cochrane协作网偏倚风险评估工具,纳入文献中文献质量为A级的有16篇,B级有2篇。②将血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练与抗阻训练之间的效果进行对比,在肢体围度方面,两组间无显著性差异(SMD=0.03,95%CI:-0.16-0.21,P=0.78);在肌肉厚度方面(SMD=0.14,95%CI:0.01-0.27,P=0.03)及肌肉力量方面(SMD=0.37,95%CI:0.14-0.60,P=0.001)两组间有显著性差异。③对专项能力指标进行亚组分析结果显示,距离指标的分析结果存在高异质性(I2=73%),时间指标的分析结果存在高异质性(I2=55%),分析可能原因是各研究的测试方法及评估指标意义的不同导致;功率指标的分析结果显示无异质性(I2=0%);血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练对距离指标具有显著影响(P<0.01)。④合并效应结果显示,血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练比较抗阻训练对于专项能力的影响(P=0.41),提示不同训练方法对于专项能力不存在显著性影响。结论:①两种训练方法均能够促进大学生运动者的肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和专项能力,血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练相较于抗阻训练在促进运动员肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和部分专项能力方面具有显著性效果。因此,可以在专项训练之中科学合理地融合血流限制训练法,以差异性的生理刺激综合作用于肌肉,以取得更好的训练效果。②然而,由于纳入的研究数量较少,以及其他可能存在的局限性,今后需要纳入更多的高质量、多项目类型和性别的随机对照试验来证实。展开更多
The exploitation and utilization of the tour resources of tournament athletics, including skiling, boat sailing, archery, ice engraving, snow engrav ing, has become a new trend of the development of Chinese tourism. D...The exploitation and utilization of the tour resources of tournament athletics, including skiling, boat sailing, archery, ice engraving, snow engrav ing, has become a new trend of the development of Chinese tourism. Due to the un ique cold climate and superior geographic location,Harbin is a promising city f or developing tour resources of tournament athletics. Based on the analysis of t he superiority and peculiarity of Harbin,the speculation on development of tour resources of tournament athletics in Harbin is proposed as follows:1) Harbin s hould develop its special tour resources of tournament athletics associated with needs of market; 2) Harbin should take the advantages of rich resources and dev elop ice and snow entertainment in winter and travel for sight-seeing and spend ing summer; 3) the adjustment of the layout of ice and snow resources should be based on the idea of taking Harbin as the center and all-side opening at the la rge scale in the way of radiation; 4) tourism should be developed by the combine d efforts of various departments to make feasible plan, and the organizers shoul d pay much attention to ensuring the safety of tourists.展开更多
Extreme value theory provides methods to analyze the most extreme parts of data. We used the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution to predict the ultimate 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 4 × 100 m relay, and long jum...Extreme value theory provides methods to analyze the most extreme parts of data. We used the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution to predict the ultimate 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 4 × 100 m relay, and long jump records of male gold medalists at the Olympics. The diagnostic plots, which assessed the accuracy of the GEV model, were fitted to all event records, validating the model. The 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 4 × 100 m, and long jump records had negative shape parameters and calculated upper limits of 9.58 s, 19.18 s, 42.97 s, 36.71 s, and 9.03 m, respectively. The calculated upper limit in the 100 m (9.58 s) was equal to the record of Usain Bolt (August 16, 2009). The 100 m and 200 m world records were close to the calculated upper limits, and achieving the calculated limit was difficult. The 400 m and 4 × 100 m relay world records were almost equal to the calculated upper limits and the 500-year return level estimate, and slight improvement was possible in both. At the Tokyo Olympics in August 2021, in the 100 m, 200 m, and 4 × 100 m, in one year the probability of occurrence for a record was about 1/30. In the 400 m and long jump, it was about 1/20. In the 100 m, 200 m, and 4 × 100 m relay, more difficult records show that a fierce battle has taken place.展开更多
ON the evening of August 12, the 30th London Summer Olympic Games came to a close when the flame at the Olympic Stadium was extinguished as each country received one of the cauldrons 204 copper petals. In this year＇s...ON the evening of August 12, the 30th London Summer Olympic Games came to a close when the flame at the Olympic Stadium was extinguished as each country received one of the cauldrons 204 copper petals. In this year＇s Olympics, 10,500 athletes, including nearly 900 African athletes, participated in 302 medal events in all 26 sports.展开更多
文摘In recent years, the NCAA student athlete population in the United States has surpassed 500,000, and is continuing to rise each year [1]. These student athletes work their entire lives academically and athletically to reach the ultimate goal: competing in university athletics. However, when these athletes reach university, they are met with non-stop training, homework, exams, and evolving social lives. We have conducted a study at the University of Evansville evaluating how participation in university athletics may impact mental health status among these student athletes, as well as measuring players’ awareness of accessible mental health resources. Over fifty percent of participants reported experiencing at least one mental health condition while competing in their sport;eighty percent reported having knowledge of the mental health resources available to them on campus, however, nearly thirty percent of those knowledgeable reported not knowing how to access these resources. This has indicated a gap in awareness and utilization of mental health resources among student athletes at the University of Evansville.
文摘目的:通过收集血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练的相关文献,依照系统评价和Meta分析的范式,分析血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练与抗阻训练对运动者肌肉相关指标和专项能力的不同影响,旨在为运动者在训练实践中运用血流限制训练提供数据支持。方法:检索中外数据库(中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus),应用血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练对对象为运动者中大学生运动者肢体围度、肌肉质量、肌肉力量和专项运动能力影响的随机对照试验,检索起止时间为2000-01-01/2023-10-12。至少2名研究者采用Cochrane协作网偏倚风险评估工具和标准对纳入文献进行质量评价。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行异质性检验、数据合并、亚组分析、绘制森林图和敏感性分析,绘制漏斗图并进行发表偏倚评价和敏感性分析。评价指标为肢体围度、肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和专项能力等,对不同专项运动能力进行亚组分析。结果:①共纳入18项随机对照试验,共403例受试者,根据Cochrane协作网偏倚风险评估工具,纳入文献中文献质量为A级的有16篇,B级有2篇。②将血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练与抗阻训练之间的效果进行对比,在肢体围度方面,两组间无显著性差异(SMD=0.03,95%CI:-0.16-0.21,P=0.78);在肌肉厚度方面(SMD=0.14,95%CI:0.01-0.27,P=0.03)及肌肉力量方面(SMD=0.37,95%CI:0.14-0.60,P=0.001)两组间有显著性差异。③对专项能力指标进行亚组分析结果显示,距离指标的分析结果存在高异质性(I2=73%),时间指标的分析结果存在高异质性(I2=55%),分析可能原因是各研究的测试方法及评估指标意义的不同导致;功率指标的分析结果显示无异质性(I2=0%);血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练对距离指标具有显著影响(P<0.01)。④合并效应结果显示,血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练比较抗阻训练对于专项能力的影响(P=0.41),提示不同训练方法对于专项能力不存在显著性影响。结论:①两种训练方法均能够促进大学生运动者的肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和专项能力,血流限制训练法联合抗阻训练相较于抗阻训练在促进运动员肌肉厚度、肌肉力量和部分专项能力方面具有显著性效果。因此,可以在专项训练之中科学合理地融合血流限制训练法,以差异性的生理刺激综合作用于肌肉,以取得更好的训练效果。②然而,由于纳入的研究数量较少,以及其他可能存在的局限性,今后需要纳入更多的高质量、多项目类型和性别的随机对照试验来证实。
文摘The exploitation and utilization of the tour resources of tournament athletics, including skiling, boat sailing, archery, ice engraving, snow engrav ing, has become a new trend of the development of Chinese tourism. Due to the un ique cold climate and superior geographic location,Harbin is a promising city f or developing tour resources of tournament athletics. Based on the analysis of t he superiority and peculiarity of Harbin,the speculation on development of tour resources of tournament athletics in Harbin is proposed as follows:1) Harbin s hould develop its special tour resources of tournament athletics associated with needs of market; 2) Harbin should take the advantages of rich resources and dev elop ice and snow entertainment in winter and travel for sight-seeing and spend ing summer; 3) the adjustment of the layout of ice and snow resources should be based on the idea of taking Harbin as the center and all-side opening at the la rge scale in the way of radiation; 4) tourism should be developed by the combine d efforts of various departments to make feasible plan, and the organizers shoul d pay much attention to ensuring the safety of tourists.
文摘Extreme value theory provides methods to analyze the most extreme parts of data. We used the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution to predict the ultimate 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 4 × 100 m relay, and long jump records of male gold medalists at the Olympics. The diagnostic plots, which assessed the accuracy of the GEV model, were fitted to all event records, validating the model. The 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 4 × 100 m, and long jump records had negative shape parameters and calculated upper limits of 9.58 s, 19.18 s, 42.97 s, 36.71 s, and 9.03 m, respectively. The calculated upper limit in the 100 m (9.58 s) was equal to the record of Usain Bolt (August 16, 2009). The 100 m and 200 m world records were close to the calculated upper limits, and achieving the calculated limit was difficult. The 400 m and 4 × 100 m relay world records were almost equal to the calculated upper limits and the 500-year return level estimate, and slight improvement was possible in both. At the Tokyo Olympics in August 2021, in the 100 m, 200 m, and 4 × 100 m, in one year the probability of occurrence for a record was about 1/30. In the 400 m and long jump, it was about 1/20. In the 100 m, 200 m, and 4 × 100 m relay, more difficult records show that a fierce battle has taken place.
文摘ON the evening of August 12, the 30th London Summer Olympic Games came to a close when the flame at the Olympic Stadium was extinguished as each country received one of the cauldrons 204 copper petals. In this year＇s Olympics, 10,500 athletes, including nearly 900 African athletes, participated in 302 medal events in all 26 sports.
