Biochar and biochar-based materials have been studied extensively in multidisciplinary areas because of their outstanding physicochemical properties.In this review article,biochar and biochar-based materials in the re...Biochar and biochar-based materials have been studied extensively in multidisciplinary areas because of their outstanding physicochemical properties.In this review article,biochar and biochar-based materials in the removal of environmental pollutants,hydrogen generation and carbon dioxide capture were summarized and compared.The interaction mechanisms were discussed from the experimental results and characterization analysis.The high porous structures,active surface sites,(co)doping of single metals/nonmetals,and incorporation of metal oxides or other materials improved the high activity of biochar-based materials in their applications.However,there are still some challenges such as:(1)the fact that H_(2) generation with high selectivity or the produced syngas to meet the real application requirement in industrial is the main challenge in H_(2) production;(2)the fact that the selective capture of CO_(2) with high stability,high adsorption capacity and recyclability at low-cost should be considered and focused on;(3)the sorption-(photo)degradation of the organic chemicals;and(4)the fact that the sorption-reduction-extraction/solidification of metals/radionuclides are efficient methods for the elimination of environmental pollutants.In the end,the perspectives,challenges and possible techniques for biochar-based materials’real application in future were described.展开更多
This paper studies a stochastic endogenous growth model with pollution. It introduces government expenditure and exogenous pollution abatement technology to eliminate pollution and proves that under appropriate equili...This paper studies a stochastic endogenous growth model with pollution. It introduces government expenditure and exogenous pollution abatement technology to eliminate pollution and proves that under appropriate equilibrium conditions the main economic indexes （including economic growth rate, the optimal government expenditure rate） in the centrally planned economy and decentralized economy can be expressed by the parameters of the model uniquely. The optimal tax policy is analyzed ,and the optimal pollution is derived.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1900105)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22276054)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program.
文摘Biochar and biochar-based materials have been studied extensively in multidisciplinary areas because of their outstanding physicochemical properties.In this review article,biochar and biochar-based materials in the removal of environmental pollutants,hydrogen generation and carbon dioxide capture were summarized and compared.The interaction mechanisms were discussed from the experimental results and characterization analysis.The high porous structures,active surface sites,(co)doping of single metals/nonmetals,and incorporation of metal oxides or other materials improved the high activity of biochar-based materials in their applications.However,there are still some challenges such as:(1)the fact that H_(2) generation with high selectivity or the produced syngas to meet the real application requirement in industrial is the main challenge in H_(2) production;(2)the fact that the selective capture of CO_(2) with high stability,high adsorption capacity and recyclability at low-cost should be considered and focused on;(3)the sorption-(photo)degradation of the organic chemicals;and(4)the fact that the sorption-reduction-extraction/solidification of metals/radionuclides are efficient methods for the elimination of environmental pollutants.In the end,the perspectives,challenges and possible techniques for biochar-based materials’real application in future were described.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （70271069）.
文摘This paper studies a stochastic endogenous growth model with pollution. It introduces government expenditure and exogenous pollution abatement technology to eliminate pollution and proves that under appropriate equilibrium conditions the main economic indexes （including economic growth rate, the optimal government expenditure rate） in the centrally planned economy and decentralized economy can be expressed by the parameters of the model uniquely. The optimal tax policy is analyzed ,and the optimal pollution is derived.
