In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the c...In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the combined use of KHIs and some synergists, which would enhance KHIs’ inhibitory effect on both hydrate nucleation and hydrate crystal growth. In this study, a novel kind of KHI copolymer poly（N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine）s （HGs） is used in conjunction with TBAB to show its high performance on hydrate inhibition. The performance of HGs with different monomer ratios in structure II tetrahydrofuran （THF） hydrate is investigated using kinetic hydrate inhibitor evaluation apparatus by step-cooling method and isothermal cooling method. With the combined gas hydrate inhibitor at the concentration of 1.0 wt%, the induction time of 19 wt% THF solution could be prolonged to 8.5 h at a high subcooling of 6℃. Finally, the mechanism of HGs inhibiting the formation of gas hydrate is proposed.展开更多
Ionic, electronic and mixed (ionic-electronic) conductivities of blends of poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with high molecular weight after doped with LiClO4, TCNQ or LiClO4 and TCNQ were ...Ionic, electronic and mixed (ionic-electronic) conductivities of blends of poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with high molecular weight after doped with LiClO4, TCNQ or LiClO4 and TCNQ were investigated. Effects of LiClO4 and TCNQ concentrations on the conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 or TCNQ blend were studied. The ionic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 blend increases with increasing PEO content. At a Li/ethylene bride molar ratio of 0.10 and a TCNQ/2-vinyl pyridine molar ratio of 0.5, the mixed conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4/TCNQ is higher than the total of ionic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 and electronic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/TCNQ when the weight ratio of PEO and P2VP is 6/4 or 5/5. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the broken cross-section of the PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 blend and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that LiClO4 could act as a compatibilizer in the blend.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No. 2009CB219504-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 51106054)the Colleges and Universities High-level Talents Program of Guangdong
文摘In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the combined use of KHIs and some synergists, which would enhance KHIs’ inhibitory effect on both hydrate nucleation and hydrate crystal growth. In this study, a novel kind of KHI copolymer poly（N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine）s （HGs） is used in conjunction with TBAB to show its high performance on hydrate inhibition. The performance of HGs with different monomer ratios in structure II tetrahydrofuran （THF） hydrate is investigated using kinetic hydrate inhibitor evaluation apparatus by step-cooling method and isothermal cooling method. With the combined gas hydrate inhibitor at the concentration of 1.0 wt%, the induction time of 19 wt% THF solution could be prolonged to 8.5 h at a high subcooling of 6℃. Finally, the mechanism of HGs inhibiting the formation of gas hydrate is proposed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Ionic, electronic and mixed (ionic-electronic) conductivities of blends of poly(2-vinyl pyridine) (P2VP) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with high molecular weight after doped with LiClO4, TCNQ or LiClO4 and TCNQ were investigated. Effects of LiClO4 and TCNQ concentrations on the conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 or TCNQ blend were studied. The ionic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 blend increases with increasing PEO content. At a Li/ethylene bride molar ratio of 0.10 and a TCNQ/2-vinyl pyridine molar ratio of 0.5, the mixed conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4/TCNQ is higher than the total of ionic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 and electronic conductivity of PEO/P2VP/TCNQ when the weight ratio of PEO and P2VP is 6/4 or 5/5. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the broken cross-section of the PEO/P2VP/LiClO4 blend and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that LiClO4 could act as a compatibilizer in the blend.
