Graphene oxide(GO)is regarded as a promising candidate to construct solar absorbers for addressing freshwater crisis,but the easy delamination of GO in water poses a critical challenge for practical solar desalination...Graphene oxide(GO)is regarded as a promising candidate to construct solar absorbers for addressing freshwater crisis,but the easy delamination of GO in water poses a critical challenge for practical solar desalination.Herein,we improve the stability of GO membranes by a self-crosslinking poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)in a mild condition,which crosslinks neighbouring GO nanosheets without blemishing the hydrophilic structure of GO.By further adding carbon nanotubes(CNTs),the sandwiched GO/CNT@PIL(GCP)membrane displays a good stability in pH=1 or 13 solution even for 270 days.The molecular dynamics simulation results indicate that the generation of water nanofluidics in nanochannels of GO nanosheets remarkably reduces the water evaporation enthalpy in GCP membrane,compared to bulk water.Consequently,the GCP membrane exhibits a high evaporation rate(1.87 kg m^(-2)h^(-1))and displays stable evaporation rates for 14 h under 1 kW m^(-2)irradiation.The GCP membrane additionally works very well when using different water sources(e.g.,dye-polluted water)or even strong acidic solution(pH=1)or basic solution(pH=13).More importantly,through bundling pluralities of GCP membrane,an efficient solar desalination device is developed to produce drinkable water from seawater.The average daily drinkable water amount in sunny day is 10.1 kg m^(-2),which meets with the daily drinkable water needs of five adults.The high evaporation rate,long-time durability and good scalability make the GCP membrane an outstanding candidate for practical solar seawater desalination.展开更多
Acidic poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling ability were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids,divinylbenzene(DVB)and sodium acrylate(NaAA),and further acidification by sul...Acidic poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling ability were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids,divinylbenzene(DVB)and sodium acrylate(NaAA),and further acidification by sulfuric acid.The swelling ability of acidic PILs was greatly affected by cross-linker content and chain length of 3-alkyl-substituents on imidazolium.Cross-linked network structures could be observed from the cryogenic scanning electron microscopy(cryo-SEM)images of the swollen acidic PILs in formic acid.Acidic PILs with network structures in swollen state exhibited excellent activities in the esterification of cyclohexene and formic acid,and the catalytic activities were in positive correlation with their swelling abilities.Acidic PIL with 3-octyl-substituent and 2.5 mol%DVB(PIL-C8-2.5DVB-HSO4)had the highest swelling ability in formic acid and exhibited comparable catalytic activities with homogeneous catalysts such as sulfuric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.展开更多
Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have demonstrated great potential in the electrochemical reduction reaction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)due to their versatile structure and function.However,rational structure control remains...Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have demonstrated great potential in the electrochemical reduction reaction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)due to their versatile structure and function.However,rational structure control remains one challenge.In this work,we reported a unique carbon precursor of soft template-containing porous poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)that was directly synthesized via free-radical self-polymerization of ionic liquid monomer in a soft template route.Variation of the carbonization temperature in a direct pyrolysis process without any additive yielded a series of carbon materials with facile adjustable textural properties and N species.Significantly,the integration of soft-template in the PIL precursor led to the formation of hierarchical porous carbon material with a higher surface area and larger pore size than that from the template-free precursor.In CO_(2)RR to CO,the champion catalyst gave a Faraday efficiency of 83.0%and a current density of 1.79 mA·cm^(-2)at-0.9 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE).The abundant graphite N species and hierarchical pore structure,especially the unique hierarchical small-/ultramicropores were revealed to enable better CO_(2)RR performance.展开更多
A new polymeric ionic liquid gel was prepared with 1-[(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-3-methylimidazolium bromide(MEMImBr) via radiation-induced polymerization and cross-linking at room temperature.The resultant PMEMImBr ge...A new polymeric ionic liquid gel was prepared with 1-[(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-3-methylimidazolium bromide(MEMImBr) via radiation-induced polymerization and cross-linking at room temperature.The resultant PMEMImBr gel exhibits high strength and flexibility as well as special swelling behavior in oil-in-water(O/W)emulsions.The swelling behavior of PMEMImBr gel in emulsions is similar to that in water except that the swelling rate in emulsions is slightly smaller than that in water.The organic solvents with higher polarity in the emulsions contribute to the swelling of PMEMImBr gels,and the O/W proportion of emulsion in the swollen gel equals approximately that of original emulsion when the concentration of organic solvent is lower than 0.2 g/g.展开更多
Ionic liquids(ILs)have appeared as the most promising electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries,owing to their unique high ionic conductivity,chemical stability and thermal stability properties.Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)w...Ionic liquids(ILs)have appeared as the most promising electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries,owing to their unique high ionic conductivity,chemical stability and thermal stability properties.Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with both IL-like characteristic and polymer structure are emerging as an alternative of traditional electrolyte.In this review,recent progresses on the applications of IL/PIL-based semi-solid state electrolytes,including gel electrolytes,ionic plastic crystal electrolytes,hybrid electrolytes and single-ion conducting electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries are discussed.展开更多
The synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)via transesterification of ethylene carbonate(EC)and methanol(MeOH)was an environmental and practical strategy.Herein,poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling abilities were synth...The synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)via transesterification of ethylene carbonate(EC)and methanol(MeOH)was an environmental and practical strategy.Herein,poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling abilities were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids,sodium 4-vinylbenzoate and cross-linker(1,8-triethylene glycoldiyl-3,3'-divinylimidazolium bromide([(EG)_(3)-DVIm]Br_(2)).The swelling abilities of PILs in various solvents were measured,and PILs could swell in methanol(MeOH).The swelling ability of PILs in MeOH could be modulated by changing the cross-linker content and chain length of 3-alkyl-substituents on imidazolium.The swollen state of PILs in MeOH presented a porous cross-linked network structure observed by the cryo-scanning electron microscope(cryo-SEM).The swelling PILs were used to catalyze the transesterification of ethylene carbonate(EC)and MeOH to prepare the DMC,and the catalytic activities was correlated with the swelling abilities of PILs.The PIL with 3-butyl-substituent and 2.5 mol%cross-linker(poly[VBIm-VBA-DVIm]-2.5%)had the highest swelling ratio(Q=12.4(g/g))in MeOH and EC mixed solvents and exhibited excellent catalytic activities,which was similar to corresponding homogeneous ionic liquid.Furthermore,the catalyst could be reused up to seven runs without any considerable loss of its initial activity.展开更多
Poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) were successfully synthesized via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAR) mechanism, using ionic liquids as green reaction media. The influence of various reaction parameters includi...Poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) were successfully synthesized via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAR) mechanism, using ionic liquids as green reaction media. The influence of various reaction parameters including monomer concentration, dehydration time, polymerization temperature and duration, IL's cations and anions nature, upon PAEKs molecular weight was investigated. In addition, the peculiarities of hydrogen-bonding ability of ILs were investigated. The interaction of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A) with ILs has a strong influence on PAEKs synthesis. Various moderate molecular weight PAEKs have been obtained in high yields with molecular weights ranging from 10000 to 18000g mol-1.展开更多
Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)refer to a polymeric architecture with repeating ionic liquid species in each unit.They are attracting rapidly increasing interest because of their diverse structures and facial processability...Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)refer to a polymeric architecture with repeating ionic liquid species in each unit.They are attracting rapidly increasing interest because of their diverse structures and facial processability.Our group focused on the design and synthesis of PILs for various applications in the past decade,including polyelectrolytes,biomedical materials,and other related fields.In this review,we briefly summarized our recent studies on the application of PiLs for energy and electronic devices,emphasizing the controllable synthesis and regulation of specific structures and functions.The unique properties and designable structures of PILs will inspire further investigation in an extensive variety of potential applications.展开更多
Functionalised mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s are valuable carbon dioxide capture and conversion materials.Here,an imidazole poly(ionic liquid)PIL-s1-HCO_(3) with a mesoporous structure was formed by the copolymerisat...Functionalised mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s are valuable carbon dioxide capture and conversion materials.Here,an imidazole poly(ionic liquid)PIL-s1-HCO_(3) with a mesoporous structure was formed by the copolymerisation of vinyl-modified ionic liquids and crosslinking agents.The material has excellent adsorption properties for carbon dioxide.Using it as the catalyst,the formylation of carbon dioxide with various amides was realised at room temperature and pressure without metal participation.In addition,the material is stable in performance,easily separated,and has good reusability.In this work,relying on the new PIL as a multi-functional platform,carbon dioxide capture and the transformation to high-value-added chemicals were completed simultaneously.展开更多
基金the financial support of the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1806000)the Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.3004013118)+2 种基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51903099)Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.3004013134)the 100 Talents Program of the Hubei Provincial Government.Z.D.thanks the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.0106013063).
文摘Graphene oxide(GO)is regarded as a promising candidate to construct solar absorbers for addressing freshwater crisis,but the easy delamination of GO in water poses a critical challenge for practical solar desalination.Herein,we improve the stability of GO membranes by a self-crosslinking poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)in a mild condition,which crosslinks neighbouring GO nanosheets without blemishing the hydrophilic structure of GO.By further adding carbon nanotubes(CNTs),the sandwiched GO/CNT@PIL(GCP)membrane displays a good stability in pH=1 or 13 solution even for 270 days.The molecular dynamics simulation results indicate that the generation of water nanofluidics in nanochannels of GO nanosheets remarkably reduces the water evaporation enthalpy in GCP membrane,compared to bulk water.Consequently,the GCP membrane exhibits a high evaporation rate(1.87 kg m^(-2)h^(-1))and displays stable evaporation rates for 14 h under 1 kW m^(-2)irradiation.The GCP membrane additionally works very well when using different water sources(e.g.,dye-polluted water)or even strong acidic solution(pH=1)or basic solution(pH=13).More importantly,through bundling pluralities of GCP membrane,an efficient solar desalination device is developed to produce drinkable water from seawater.The average daily drinkable water amount in sunny day is 10.1 kg m^(-2),which meets with the daily drinkable water needs of five adults.The high evaporation rate,long-time durability and good scalability make the GCP membrane an outstanding candidate for practical solar seawater desalination.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773068,21811530273,21573072)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0403102)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(B409).
文摘Acidic poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling ability were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids,divinylbenzene(DVB)and sodium acrylate(NaAA),and further acidification by sulfuric acid.The swelling ability of acidic PILs was greatly affected by cross-linker content and chain length of 3-alkyl-substituents on imidazolium.Cross-linked network structures could be observed from the cryogenic scanning electron microscopy(cryo-SEM)images of the swollen acidic PILs in formic acid.Acidic PILs with network structures in swollen state exhibited excellent activities in the esterification of cyclohexene and formic acid,and the catalytic activities were in positive correlation with their swelling abilities.Acidic PIL with 3-octyl-substituent and 2.5 mol%DVB(PIL-C8-2.5DVB-HSO4)had the highest swelling ability in formic acid and exhibited comparable catalytic activities with homogeneous catalysts such as sulfuric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22072065,U1662107,and 21476109)Six talent peaks project in Jiangsu Province(JNHB035)+3 种基金State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(KL17-04)Jiangsu Provincial Science Foundation for Youths(SBK2020044703)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)High-Performance Computing Center of Nanjing Tech University。
文摘Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have demonstrated great potential in the electrochemical reduction reaction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR)due to their versatile structure and function.However,rational structure control remains one challenge.In this work,we reported a unique carbon precursor of soft template-containing porous poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)that was directly synthesized via free-radical self-polymerization of ionic liquid monomer in a soft template route.Variation of the carbonization temperature in a direct pyrolysis process without any additive yielded a series of carbon materials with facile adjustable textural properties and N species.Significantly,the integration of soft-template in the PIL precursor led to the formation of hierarchical porous carbon material with a higher surface area and larger pore size than that from the template-free precursor.In CO_(2)RR to CO,the champion catalyst gave a Faraday efficiency of 83.0%and a current density of 1.79 mA·cm^(-2)at-0.9 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE).The abundant graphite N species and hierarchical pore structure,especially the unique hierarchical small-/ultramicropores were revealed to enable better CO_(2)RR performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11375019)
文摘A new polymeric ionic liquid gel was prepared with 1-[(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-3-methylimidazolium bromide(MEMImBr) via radiation-induced polymerization and cross-linking at room temperature.The resultant PMEMImBr gel exhibits high strength and flexibility as well as special swelling behavior in oil-in-water(O/W)emulsions.The swelling behavior of PMEMImBr gel in emulsions is similar to that in water except that the swelling rate in emulsions is slightly smaller than that in water.The organic solvents with higher polarity in the emulsions contribute to the swelling of PMEMImBr gels,and the O/W proportion of emulsion in the swollen gel equals approximately that of original emulsion when the concentration of organic solvent is lower than 0.2 g/g.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.21425417)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21835005 and U1862109)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Ionic liquids(ILs)have appeared as the most promising electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries,owing to their unique high ionic conductivity,chemical stability and thermal stability properties.Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with both IL-like characteristic and polymer structure are emerging as an alternative of traditional electrolyte.In this review,recent progresses on the applications of IL/PIL-based semi-solid state electrolytes,including gel electrolytes,ionic plastic crystal electrolytes,hybrid electrolytes and single-ion conducting electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773068)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0403102,2020YFA0710201)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(B409).
文摘The synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)via transesterification of ethylene carbonate(EC)and methanol(MeOH)was an environmental and practical strategy.Herein,poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)with swelling abilities were synthesized by free radical copolymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids,sodium 4-vinylbenzoate and cross-linker(1,8-triethylene glycoldiyl-3,3'-divinylimidazolium bromide([(EG)_(3)-DVIm]Br_(2)).The swelling abilities of PILs in various solvents were measured,and PILs could swell in methanol(MeOH).The swelling ability of PILs in MeOH could be modulated by changing the cross-linker content and chain length of 3-alkyl-substituents on imidazolium.The swollen state of PILs in MeOH presented a porous cross-linked network structure observed by the cryo-scanning electron microscope(cryo-SEM).The swelling PILs were used to catalyze the transesterification of ethylene carbonate(EC)and MeOH to prepare the DMC,and the catalytic activities was correlated with the swelling abilities of PILs.The PIL with 3-butyl-substituent and 2.5 mol%cross-linker(poly[VBIm-VBA-DVIm]-2.5%)had the highest swelling ratio(Q=12.4(g/g))in MeOH and EC mixed solvents and exhibited excellent catalytic activities,which was similar to corresponding homogeneous ionic liquid.Furthermore,the catalyst could be reused up to seven runs without any considerable loss of its initial activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21274014)Beijing Municipal Commission of Education+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesMeasuring Fund of Large Apparatus of Beijing Normal University
文摘Poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) were successfully synthesized via nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAR) mechanism, using ionic liquids as green reaction media. The influence of various reaction parameters including monomer concentration, dehydration time, polymerization temperature and duration, IL's cations and anions nature, upon PAEKs molecular weight was investigated. In addition, the peculiarities of hydrogen-bonding ability of ILs were investigated. The interaction of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A) with ILs has a strong influence on PAEKs synthesis. Various moderate molecular weight PAEKs have been obtained in high yields with molecular weights ranging from 10000 to 18000g mol-1.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21835005,U1862109,22005045)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,the Priority Academic Program,Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020D-07)the Initial Research Funds for Young Teachers of Donghua University.
文摘Poly(ionic liquid)s(PILs)refer to a polymeric architecture with repeating ionic liquid species in each unit.They are attracting rapidly increasing interest because of their diverse structures and facial processability.Our group focused on the design and synthesis of PILs for various applications in the past decade,including polyelectrolytes,biomedical materials,and other related fields.In this review,we briefly summarized our recent studies on the application of PiLs for energy and electronic devices,emphasizing the controllable synthesis and regulation of specific structures and functions.The unique properties and designable structures of PILs will inspire further investigation in an extensive variety of potential applications.
基金We thank the financial support from the Guangxi Key R&D Program(No.AB18221005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41965006 and 52170107)the Innovation Project of GUET Graduate Education(No.2021YCXS170).
文摘Functionalised mesoporous poly(ionic liquid)s are valuable carbon dioxide capture and conversion materials.Here,an imidazole poly(ionic liquid)PIL-s1-HCO_(3) with a mesoporous structure was formed by the copolymerisation of vinyl-modified ionic liquids and crosslinking agents.The material has excellent adsorption properties for carbon dioxide.Using it as the catalyst,the formylation of carbon dioxide with various amides was realised at room temperature and pressure without metal participation.In addition,the material is stable in performance,easily separated,and has good reusability.In this work,relying on the new PIL as a multi-functional platform,carbon dioxide capture and the transformation to high-value-added chemicals were completed simultaneously.
