SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS POLY(STYRENE-co-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE)/SILICA HYBRID MATERIALS VIA A NONSURFACTANT-TEMPLATED SOL-GEL PROCESS

Mesoporous poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)/silica hybrid materials have been prepared. The synthesis was achieved by the HCl-catalyzed sol-gel reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer in the presence of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent and citric acid as a nonsurfactant template or pore-forming agent, followed by ethanol extraction. Characterization results from nitrogen sorption isotherms and powder X-ray diffraction indicate that polymer-modified mesoporous materials with large specific surface areas (e.g. 900 m(2)/g) and pore volumes (e.g. 0.6 cm(3)/g) could be prepared. As the citric acid concentration is increased, the specific surface areas, pore volumes and pore diameters of the hybrid materials increase.

Synthesis of a Poly(amide-imide)from 5,6-Diphenyl-1-chloroformyl3,4-benzenedicarboxylic Anhydride and Bis (4-aminophenyl)ether

A novel poly (amide-imide) was prepared from a novel monomer: 5,6-diphenyl-chloroformyl-3,4-benzenedicarboxylic anhydride and bis (4-aminophenyl) ether. The polymer was characterized by FTIR. (HNMR)-H-1. DSC and TGA.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Biomaterial: Maleic Anhydride-modified Poly(dl-lactic acid)

A novel modified poly(dl-lactic acid) (PDLLA) was obtained by covalently grafting of maleic anhydride onto the backbone of PDLLA, attempting to improve PDLLA’s hydrophilicity and cell affinity and to provide reactive groups for further chemical modification. FTIR, 13C NMR and DSC were used to characterize the maleic anhydride-modified PDLLA.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW COMBLIKE POLYMER BASED ON POLY (VINYL METHYL ETHER-ALT-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE) BACKBONE

A new comblike polymer host for polymer electrolyte was synthesized by reacting monomethyl ether of poly(ethylene glycol) with poly(vinyl methyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) and endcapping the residual carboxylic acid with methanol. Butanone was selected as a solvent for the esterification in order to obtain a completely soluble product. The synthesis process was traced through by LR. Compared with the model compounds, the presumed structure of this comblike polymer has been proved to be valid by C-13 NMR The comb polymer is a white rubbery solid. It can be dissolved in butanone and THF, and manifests good film forming ability.

Solvent-free esterification of poly(vinyl alcohol) and maleic anhydride through mechanochemical reaction

一固态 mechanochemical 处理，也就是说平底锅工厂，被用来进行酯化作用 poly (乙烯基白酒)(PVA ) 与缩苹果酸通过导致压力的反应的酐(麻省) 。FTIR 光谱学习显示连接和 olefinic 加倍的酉旨的存在结合在缩苹果酸酐 cross-linked PVA。cross-linked 产品的热性质被 DSC 描绘。结果证明它的玻璃转变温度比原来的线性 PVA 和热稳定性也被改进高是 20 ° C。

Cardiogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on elastomeric poly (glycerol sebacate)/collagen core/shell fibers

AIM: To facilitate engineering of suitable biomaterials to meet the challenges associated with myocardial infarction. METHODS: Poly (glycerol sebacate)/collagen (PGS/ collagen) core/shell fibers were fabricated by core/ shell electrospinning technique, with core as PGS and shell as collagen polymer; and the scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle and tensile testing for cardiac tissue engineering. Collagen nanofibers were also fabricated by electrospinning for comparison with core/shell fibers. Studies on cell-scaffold interaction were carriedout using cardiac cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) co-culture system with cardiac cells and MSCs separately serving as positive and negative controls respectively. The co-culture system was characterized for cell proliferation and differentiation of MSCs into cardiomyogenic lineage in the co-culture environment using dual immunocytochemistry. The co-culture cells were stained with cardiac specific marker proteins like actinin and troponin and MSC specific marker protein CD 105 for proving the cardiogenic differentiation of MSCs. Further the morphology of cells was analyzed using SEM.RESULTS: PGS/collagen core/shell fibers, core is PGS polymer having an elastic modulus related to that of cardiac fibers and shell as collagen, providing natural environment for cellular activities like cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. SEM micrographs of electrospun fibrous scaffolds revealed porous, beadless, uniform fibers with a fiber diameter in the range of 380 ± 77 nm and 1192 ± 277 nm for collagen fibers and PGS/collagen core/shell fibers respectively. The obtained PGS/collagen core/shell fibrous scaffolds were hydrophilic having a water contact angle of 17.9 ± 4.6° compared to collagen nanofibers which had a contact angle value of 30 ± 3.2°. The PGS/collagen core/shell fibers had mechanical properties comparable to that of native heart muscle with a young's modulus of 4.24 ± 0.7 MPa, while that of collagen nanofibers was comparatively higher around 30.11 ± 1.68 MPa. FTIR spectrum was performed to confirm the functional groups present in the electrospun scaffolds. Amide Ⅰ and amide Ⅱ of collagen were detected at 1638.95 cm -1 and 1551.64 cm -1 in the electrospun collagen fibers and at 1646.22 cm -1 and 1540.73 cm -1 for PGS/collagen core/shell fibers respectively. Cell culture studies performed using MSCs and cardiac cells co-culture environment, indicated that the cellproliferation significantly increased on PGS/collagen core/shell scaffolds compared to collagen fibers and the cardiac marker proteins actinin and troponin were expressed more on PGS/collagen core/shell scaffolds compared to collagen fibers alone. Dual immunofluorescent staining was performed to further confirm the cardiogenic differentiation of MSCs by employing MSC specific marker protein, CD 105 and cardiac specific marker protein, actinin. SEM observations of cardiac cells showed normal morphology on PGS/collagen fibers and providing adequate tensile strength for the regeneration of myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: Combination of PGS/collagen fibers and cardiac cells/MSCs co-culture system providing natural microenvironments to improve cell survival and differentiation, could bring cardiac tissue engineering to clinical application.

Safety evaluation of long-term vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride and its non-invasive reversal on accessory reproductive organs in langurs

Aim:To evaluate the safety of the long term vas occlusion with styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) and its non-invasive reversal at the level of accessory reproductive glands (ARGs) in langurs.Methods:The morphology of seminal vesicle and ventral prostate was evaluated by light as well as transmission electron microscopy.Serum clinical chemistry and urine albumin were evaluated in an autoanalyzer using reagent kits.Fructose,acid phosphatase and zinc in the seminal plasma were evaluated spectrophotometrically according to the WHO manual.Serum testosterone, prostate specific antigen and sperm antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) using reagent kits and hematology was estimated according to standard procedures.Results:The morphological features and secretory activity of the seminal vesicle and prostate were normal as evidenced by the presence of well- developed mitochondria,rough endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,secretory granules and normal nuclear charac- teristics throughout the course of investigation.Serum testosterone and prostate specific antigen remained unaltered and serum antisperm antibodies level presented negative titres.Urine albumin was nil.Total red blood corpuscles (RBC),white blood corpuscles (WBC),hemoglobin (Hb) and red cell indices,serum protein,glucose,cholesterol, creatinine,creatine kinase (CK),serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT),serum glutamate pyruvate transami- nase (SGPT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),bilirubin,urea,triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) did not show appreciable changes following vas occlusion and after its non-invasive reversal.Although fructose,acid phos- phatase (ACP) and zinc in the seminal plasma showed a significant reduction following vas occlusion,it could not be related to the morphology of seminal vesicle and prostate.Conclusion:SMA vas occlusion and its non-invasive reversal do not damage the accessory reproductive organs.

Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Degradation Properties of Poly(Propylene Fumarate-co-Propylene Sebacate) Networks

Poly(propylene fumarate-co-propylene sebacate) (P(PF-co-PS)) was crosslinked with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (N-VP) to form networks. It was investigated as biodegradable bone cement. In this paper, P(PF-co-PS) was synthesized and characterized by1 H-NMR, FTIR and GPC. The effects of the amount of sebacate segments in P(PF-co-PS) main chains and the quantity of N-vinyl pyrrolidone on the in vitro degradation of the polymer networks were examined. Cylindrical specimens were submerged in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37 ℃ and the pH value of PBS is 7.4 for 10 weeks. The gravimetry and compressive mechanical properties were tested over the degradation period. Networks formed by P(PF-co-PS)8020/N-VP exhibited higher weight loss and better mechanical properties when compared with poly(propylene fumarate)/N-VP networks. The mechanical properties of P(PF-co-PS)/N-VP can be maintained for a very long time, even for 70 days, the yield strength, fracture strength and compressive modulus are (51.78 ± 2.01) MPa, (52.331 ± 1.84) MPa and (957.78 ± 24.40) MPa, respectively. The results demonstrate that the compressive mechanical properties and degradation velocity can be modulated by the amount of crosslinking agents and sebacate segments along the main chains of copolymers.

耐高温尼龙PA6T-66的阻燃改性研究

探究了二乙基次磷酸铝(OP1230)和二氧化硅(SiO2)复配使用对聚对苯二甲酰己二胺/己二酰己二胺(PA6T-66)树脂的阻燃协效作用。结果表明:OP1230的加入可显著提高材料的极限氧指数(LOI),当OP1230质量分数为6.0%时,材料的LOI从21.8%(未添加OP1230)提高至28.7%,且UL-94阻燃测试达到了V-2级。在此基础上,通过复配SiO2进一步提高材料阻燃性能。当SiO2质量分数为3.0%时,材料的LOI提高至29.4%,UL-94阻燃测试达到了V-0级。热氧降解和锥形量热数据也进一步证明OP1230和SiO2在PA6T-66阻燃体系中存在协效作用。

Synthesis of the Biomimetic Polymer: Aliphatic Diamine and RGDS Modified Poly(d,l-lactic acid)

A novel poly（d, /-lactic acid） （PDLLA） based biomimetic polymer was synthesized by grafting maleic anhydride, butanediamine and arg-gly-asp-ser （RGDS） peptides onto the backbone of PDLLA, aiming to overcome the acidity and auto-accelerating degradation of PDLLA during degradation and to improve its biospecificity and biocompatibility. The synthetic copolymer was characterized by FTIR, ^13C NMR and amino acid analyzer （AAA）.

Hyperbranched Poly(amide-ester) Mildly Synthesized and Its Characterization

AB2-type-prepolymerized monomer was rapidly （2 h） prepared at room temperature （25 ℃） using commercially available maleic anhydride （MA） and diethanolamine （DEA） as raw materials. By employing toluene-p-sulfonic acid as a catalyzer, a series of hyperbranched poly（amide-ester） （HBPAE） were successfully synthesized from prepared AB2 monomer by solution condensation polymerization through ＂one-step process＂ or ＂pseudo one-step process＂ （using pentaerythritol as a center core）. The processes were carried out at high temperature of 120 ℃ for 6 h in air atmosphere （inert protection free） with reduced pressure distillation （0.08--0.096 MPa）. The results of FT-IR, UV-Vis, TGA, and intrinsic viscosity testing by Ubbelodhe viscometer showed that the prepared HBPAEs possess three-dimensional configuration with unsaturated conjugate structure, large numbers of branches and numerous terminal hydroxyl groups. These result in their low viscosity, high solubility and thermal stability.

FABRICATION AND AFM/FFM STUDIES OF C_(60)-CONTAINING POLYELECTROLYTE SELF-ASSEMBLED FILMS

An initial investigation on the roughness and frictional properties of the self-assembled thin films from polyelectrolytes is presented. Star-shaped C-60-Poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) was successful prepared. The multilayer thin films have been fabricated on mica with diazoresin as the cationic polyelectrolyte and hydrolyzed star-shaped C-60-poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) as the anionic polyelectrolyte via self-assembly technique. The crosslinking structure of the films is formed from the conversion of ionic bond to covalent bond after UV irradiation. AFM/FFM investigations provide insights into the roughness and frictional properties on a microscale. The roughness depends strongly on the number of film layers in the case of C-60-containing films. The frictional forces of the films exhibited a well behaved non-linear relationship in response to the change of applied load. It supports the prediction of enhanced load-bearing property Of C60-containing thin films.

In vitro Degradation of Butanediamine-Grafted Poly(DL-Lactic acids)

The degradation of butanediamine-grafted poly（DL-lactic acid） polymers （BDPLAs） in vitro together with PDLLA and maleic anhydride-grafted poly（DL-lactic acid） polymers （MPLAs） was investigated by observation of the changes of the pH value of incubation media, and weight loss ratio during degradation duration of 12 weeks. The results reveal that the acidity of PDLLA degradation products was weakened or neutralized by grafting butanediamine onto PDLLA. A uniform degradation of BDPLAs was observed in comparison with an acidity-induced auto-accelerating degradation featured by PDLLA and MPLAs. The biodegradation behaviors of BDPLAs can be adjusted by controlling the content of BDA. BDPLAs might be a new derivative of PDLLA-based biodegradable materials for medical applications without acidity-caused irritations and acidity-induced auto-accelerating degradation behavior as that of PDLLA.

The Characterization of Comblike Polymer Electrolyte by Means of NMR

The comblike polymers based on poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) backbone with poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether as side chains were synthesized and characterized by H-1 NMR. with the result compared with that of 1R. It is found that it is both feasible and simple to synthesize this kind of compounds with the help of H-1 NMR.

Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable materials:PDLLA-(MAh-Diol)_n-PDLLA copolymer

The novel biodegradable copolymer PDLLA-（MAH-Diol）n-PDLLA with unsaturated bond was synthesized by copolymefizing lactide and prepolymer, which was prepared by the polycondensation of maleic anhydride and poly（ethylene glycol）, using ptoluene sulphonic acid as catalyst. The new copolymer has improved hydrophilicity and flexibility. The structure and properties of the novel polymers were studied by FTIR, NMR, GPC-MALLS and DSC.

琥珀酸酐封端PPC对PLA共混体系性能的影响

采用琥珀酸酐封端的聚碳酸亚丙酯(SA-PPC)对聚乳酸(PLA)进行改性,在二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTD)的催化作用下,通过熔融酯交换反应制备PLA/SA-PPC共混物,利用电子万能试验机、悬臂梁冲击试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其进行表征。分析了熔融反应机理及催化剂含量对共混物的力学性能、热性能及形貌的影响。结果表明,加入DBTD后,促进了PLA和SA-PPC间的酯交换反应,生成的共聚物和齐聚物分别具有增容作用及增塑作用。DSC和SEM结果表明,PLA与PPC的相容性显著提高。当DBTD含量为2份时,PLA/SA-PPC共混物的冲击强度和断裂伸长率分别由PLA的1.8 kJ/m^(2)和8.7%提高至5.7 kJ/m^(2)和318.6%,并且,拉伸强度下降不显著。

超亲水PVDF纤维复合膜的制备及其油水分离性能研究

为解决聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜分离含油废水时亲水性差、易被污染的问题,利用乙烯-co-马来酸酐共聚物(PEMA)的超润湿性能,先将PVDF和PEMA共混后通过静电纺丝制备出富羧基PVDF纤维复合膜,后在纤维表面原位生长微纳米CaCO_(3)颗粒对膜进行矿化处理得到超亲水PVDF纤维复合膜,并将其用于油水分离。探讨PEMA含量和矿化条件对纤维复合膜结构与性能的影响,明确膜微观结构、表面化学组成与膜油水分离性能、抗污染性能之间的关系。结果表明:当PEMA与PVDF质量比为1:4、经3次循环矿化后所制备的PVDF纤维复合膜具有最佳的亲水性能,水接触角从131.12°降至18.55°、在重力下纯水渗透通量为391.96 L/(m^(2)·h);膜具有优异的抗油粘附性能和水下驱油能力,对于正己烷/水、甲苯/水、石油醚/水、大豆油/水、二氯乙烷/水等混合物进行油水分离时效率均高达98.5%以上;10次循环油水分离实验和持续水洗实验表明该纤维复合膜具有很好的恢复性和亲水持久性。

Preparation and characterization of porous titania-grafted poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)/maleic anhydride nanocomposite microspheres

Mesoporous titania-grafted poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)/maleic anhydride [P(St-DVB)/MA] nanocomposite microspheres were prepared by an open ring reaction method.The titania nanoparticles were first modified by attachment of amino groups to their surface to prevent particle aggregation,and to allow the nanoparticles to covalently bond the polymer microspheres,the surface of which was modified by attachment of MA functional groups to enable the polymer to retain their porous structures and to react with the amino groups on the surface of the titania particles.The porous nanocomposite microspheres were detected by FTIR,SEM,TEM,XRD and UV-Vis spectrophotometry.The results indicated that the nanocomposite microspheres were composed of nanosized titania uniformly distributed on the surface,and exhibited better UV absorbing property than pure polymer microspheres or unmodified titania.Furthermore,compared with pure porous polymer microspheres,the nanocomposite microspheres showed more efficient UV protection and slow release of Parsol-1789(a photo-reactive and cosmetic agent) held inside the porous network of the microspheres.

SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF AMPHIPHILIC GRAFT COPOLYMERS BASED ON POLY(STYRENE-CO-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE) WITH METHOXYL POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) SIDE CHAINS

Supercritical carbon dioxide （scCO2） was used as a reaction medium in synthesizing amphiphilic graft copolymers composed of poly（styrene-co-maleic anhydride） （SMA） backbones and methoxyl poly（ethylene glycol） （MPEG） side chains via esterification. The synthesized copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, gel permeation chromatography （GPC）, IH-NMR, thermo-gravimetric analysis （TGA） and differential scanning calorimetric analysis （DSC）. The gelation phenomenon was suppressed effectively by tuning reaction conditions. The influences of scCO2 temperature and pressure on the conversion of anhydride were investigated. It was found that the highest conversion ratio occurred at 80~C under a constant pressure of 14 MPa or 26 MPa. With the increase of scCO2 pressure, the conversion ratio increased first, and then leveled off. The conversion ratio of anhydride could be controlled by regulating the reaction conditions. It was also revealed that using low molecular weight MPEG brought a high conversion ratio of anhydride.

Efficient synthesis of hydroxyl functioned polyesters from natural polyols and sebacic acid

Amphiphilic 氢氧根工作了聚酯(HFP ) 能为淀粉和树脂的混合被用作 compatibilizers。我们为 HFP 的有效准备开发了一个合成方法。水被高流动率 N2 而非高真空面对 dehydrative 冷凝作用催化剂与木糖醇，山梨糖醇，或甘露糖醇在癸二酸酸的 polycondensation 期间移开，产品与[] 27.2 mL/g， 1903 的 Mn， 167,693 的 Mw， 30.5 的 Tg ? 牵橹湡捩湩吗？