PEI/SA/Cu三元体系改性荷正电纳滤膜及其脱盐性能

通过将海藻酸钠(SA)与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)共混作为二次界面聚合反应的水相溶液,SA与PEI强相互作用使SA嵌入到聚酰胺层中,从而提高膜的致密性.随后通过Cu^(2+)与SA结合提高膜表面荷正电性,提高膜对多价阳离子的截留性能.对比研究了SA和Cu^(2+)浓度对复合膜物化性质、表面形貌及分离性能的影响.结果表明,荷正电纳滤膜的最佳制备条件为:SA质量分数为0.01%,Cu^(2+)浓度为25 mmol/L,所对应的PS/Cu-3复合膜亲水性提高.与Control-PEI膜相比,其通量提高了257%,为(40.0±0.8)L/(m^(2)·h),对MgCl2的截留率从92.0%提升至97.1%,且具有良好的耐压性和稳定性.

PEI联合术中房角镜下房角分离及房角切开术治疗中晚期PACG合并白内障

目的:评价超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术(PEI)联合术中房角镜直视下房角分离术(GSL)及房角切开术(GT)治疗中晚期原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)合并白内障的效果。方法:回顾性病例系列研究方法。收集2021-12-01/2023-03-31在安徽医科大学第二附属医院手术的中晚期PACG合并白内障患者62例65眼,根据手术方式不同分为两组:观察组30例32眼行PEI+GSL+GT,对照组32例33眼行PEI+GSL。评估两组患者术前,术后1 d, 1 wk, 1、3、6 mo眼压、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和抗青光眼药物使用数量。术前和术后6 mo时分别评估视野、杯盘比、前房角开放范围、前房深度、RNFL平均厚度。结果:PEI+GSL+GT组术后6 mo眼压和平均眼压降幅(16.68±2.65、11.12±8.53 mmHg)与PEI+GSL组(18.71±2.51、8.32±4.17 mmHg)有显著差异(P<0.05),眼压降幅率无差异(44.57%±21.79%和35.20%±17.94%,P>0.05)。术后6 mo两组抗青光眼药物使用数量、BCVA、前房深度、房角关闭范围均较术前改善(均P<0.01),PEI+GSL+GT组术后6 mo的药物减少数量和房角开放范围均大于PEI+GSL组(P<0.05),其余指标两组间比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。两组术后6 mo的视野平均偏差、杯盘比及RNFL平均厚度较术前均无差异(均P>0.05)。PEI+GSL+GT组手术完全成功率为81%(26/32),手术条件成功率为94%(30/32);PEI+GSL组手术完全成功率为58%(19/33),手术条件成功率为76%(25/33)。两组间手术成功率均有差异(完全成功率χ^(2)=4.275,P=0.039;条件成功率χ^(2)=4.040,P=0.044)。两组患者均未见危及视力的并发症及再次手术。结论:对于中晚期原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,采用PEI+GSL+GT治疗比PEI+GSL治疗更有效。

MOFs负载聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)对硫化氢的吸附

煤炭清洁高效利用是当下煤炭资源发展的主题,煤炭加工利用过程中会产生以硫化氢(H_(2)S)为主的硫化物,对生产和环境造成了不利影响。近年来,吸附脱硫因其高脱硫效率、高精度、操作简单等优点成为广泛使用的脱硫方法。金属−有机框架材料(MOFs)具有大的比表面积和孔隙率、易于修饰和功能化的优势,在气体吸附领域具有很大的潜力。聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)是同时含有伯、仲、叔胺的高分子聚合物,对H_(2)S有强亲和力并发生可逆的化学反应,将PEI引入MOFs中有望进一步提升H_(2)S吸附性能。为此,采用浸渍法制备了PEI负载的MIL-101(Cr)、UiO-66、MOF-801、ZIF-8吸附剂,研究了载体类型和PEI负载量对H_(2)S吸附性能的影响,考察了吸附剂的循环使用能力。结果表明,负载PEI后,所有载体的吸附容量均有所提高,ZIF-8提高的最多,归因于ZIF-8载体本身大的比表面积、孔体积、负载后晶体结构的保持以及PEI与ZIF-8之间的相互作用。而其余MOFs由于比表面积和孔体积较小或负载PEI后结构发生破坏,负载PEI之后的吸附容量不理想。PEI的负载量会影响ZIF-8的孔隙结构和骨架的稳定性;50%(质量分数)PEI负载后的ZIF-8穿透硫容最高,为56.3 mg/g,是载体本身的55倍。再生循环实验表明,负载PEI的ZIF-8只能实现极少部分再生,并且负载量低的吸附剂的吸附循环性能比负载量高的更好,PEI的引入使ZIF-8更易遭受H_(2)S的进攻生成ZnS。

基于PEI界面作用增强的AP热分解催化性能

为了改善高氯酸铵(AP)的热分解性能,基于聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)本征的正电荷和氨基基团,在与负电荷AP发生静电自组装包覆的同时,吸附铜金属催化剂于AP表面,制备了AP/PEI/Cu(ClO_(4))_(2)包覆样品,并通过DTA和TG-DSC等热分析技术研究了其热分解行为;通过SEM、XPS、XRD、IR、ICP-OES和Zeta电位等测试手段对AP/PEI/Cu(ClO_(4))_(2)包覆样品的形貌与结构进行了表征。结果表明,与原料AP相比,AP/PEI/Cu(ClO_(4))_(2)包覆样品的高温分解峰温降低了94.2℃,表观放热量增加了512.91 J/g,证实PEI/Cu(ClO_(4))_(2)对AP的热分解具有良好的催化效果;PEI的加入能增强金属催化剂和AP的界面作用,使得催化剂更均匀地分布于AP表面,从而促使金属催化剂更好地发挥热分解催化作用。

MWCNTs/PEI杂化纳米纤维膜用于增韧液体成型CF/EP复合材料研究

为了研究不同浓度碳纳米管含量的多壁碳纳米管/聚醚酰亚胺(MWCNTs/PEI)杂化纳米纤维膜对于液体成型环氧树脂碳纤维复合材料的影响,本文制备了液体成型环氧树脂碳纤维复合材料进行实验。通过静电纺丝法制备碳纳米管/聚醚酰亚胺杂化纳米纤维膜,系统研究碳纳米管含量对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层间韧性和面内力学性能的影响,并分析性能与层间多级微观结构的关联机制。研究发现,适应VARI工艺的碳纳米管/聚醚酰亚胺杂化纳米纤维膜使复合材料I型层间断裂韧性得到改善。这可能与碳纳米管/聚醚酰亚胺杂化纳米纤维膜中聚醚酰亚胺通过原位溶解和固化诱导相分离在层间区域形成PEI相分离微球以及碳纳米管的起到钉扎,锚固效应和裂纹尖端分叉机制吸收更多的能量的作用,同时提高层间裂纹扩展阻力和改善层间树脂基体载荷转移能力的作用有关。

Polyethylenimine (PEI)g-comb-poly(ethylene glycol)-transferrin(I): Tumor-targeted Vector for Gene Delivery In-vitro

The work described the synthesis and evaluation of PEI-g-comb-PEG-transferrin as a potential system for gene therapy in vitro. The MW of PEG was 10KDa, and PEI was 2KDa. Its structure was identified by NMR, FT-IR and TGA spectroscopy. MTT assay found that at concentration up to 4000 n mol/L of the polymer, cell viability was over 85%. The bio-character of polymer/DNA complex was characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis, ethidium bromide exclusion and zeta-potential assay. The polymer could retardate DNA at N/P ratio 3.0-3.5 （mol/mol）. The particle size of the polymer/DNA complex was less than 300 nm. Transfection efficiency of the complex was studied in COS7 and NT2 cell lines.

增韧聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、自主创新研发的聚苯乙烯基炭化微球、聚醚酰亚胺为原料,通过挤出熔融共混法制得增韧聚醚酰亚胺复合材料。实验结果表明,当加入三元乙丙橡胶用量为15份时,其冲击强度、断后伸长率与纯料进行对比,分别提高了200.0%、272.7%,达到了提高聚醚酰亚胺抗冲性能的目的;DSC测试结果表明,在聚苯乙烯基炭化微球作用下,三元乙丙橡胶与聚醚酰亚胺具有一定的相容性;TGA测试结果表明,聚醚酰亚胺复合材料加工温度在430℃范围内热稳定性良好;SEM冲击断面表明,EPDM/聚苯乙烯基炭化微球母粒料的加入对聚醚酰亚胺具有增韧效果,且粒子分布均匀。

Receptor-mediated gene delivery using polyethylenimine (PEI) coupled with polypeptides targeting FGF receptors on cells surface

Objective: To construct a novel kind of nonviral gene delivery vector based on polyethylenimine (PEI) conjugated with polypeptides derived from ligand FGF with high transfection efficiency and according to tumor targeting ability. Methods: The synthetic polypeptides CR16 for binding FGF receptors was conjugated to PEI and the characters of the polypeptides in-cluding DNA condensing and particle size were determined. Enhanced efficiency and the targeting specificity of the synthesized vector were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results: The polypeptides were successfully coupled to PEI. The new vectors PEI-CR16 could efficiently condense pDNA into particles with around 200 nm diameter. The PEI-CR16/pDNA polyplexes showed significantly greater transgene activity than PEI/pDNA in FGF receptors positive tumor cells in vitro and in vivo gene transfer, while no difference was observed in FGF receptors negative tumor cells. The enhanced transfection efficiency of PEI-CR16 could be blocked by excess free polypeptides. Conclusion: The synthesized vector could improve the efficiency of gene transfer and targeting specificity in FGF receptors positive cells. The vector had good prospect for use in cancer gene therapy.

Utilization of Polyethylenimine(PEI)Modified Carbon Black Adsorbent Derived from Tire Waste for the Removal of Aspirin

A new adsorbent was synthesized using polyethylenimine(PEI)on the carbon black to remove aspirin from an aqueous solution.In this study,adsorption performance of modified carbon black by polyethylenimine(PEI)on aspirin was investigated.Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of contact time,pH solution,temperature,and initial concentration on the adsorption of aspirin.For this study,the carbon black obtained from the pyrolysis of tire waste was used as a precursor for low-cost adsorbents.The carbon black was treated by 1 M of hydrochloric acid solution to remove ash and sulphur content.Then,the treated carbon black was modified by impregnation with PEI in one to one weight ratio within 24 hours at 65°C and then cross linked with 1%(w/v)glutaraldehyde solution for one hour.The adsorption rate of aspirin by modified carbon black was rapid from 20 minutes to 60 minutes and reached equilibrium.Hence,the optimum contact time for this study is 60 minutes with 59.96%of aspirin removal and 29.98 mg/g adsorption capacity.The best performance for pH solution,temperature,and initial concentration was observed at pH 3(26.1 mg/g),30°C(26.9 mg/g)and 20 ppm(40.96 mg/g)respectively.

Effect of poly(ethylene glycol) modified polyethylenimine polyelectrolyte complex on pharmaceutical characteristics and uptake on breast cancer cell

Cationic polyethylenimine （PEI） with dextran fluorescein anionic （DFA） or oligodeoxynucleotide （ODN） could form polyelectrolyte complex by self-assembly as a gene delivery vector. This study was designed to investigate the effects on pharmaceutical characteristics and cell uptake PEI after a long-circulation modification with poly（ethylene glycol） （PEG）. DFA or ODN reacted with PEI or PEI-PEG to form polyelectrolyte complexes. Surface characters of these complexes and the retardation of ODN by PEI and PEI-PEG were evaluated. The uptake rates of DFA/PEI and DFA/PEI-PEG complexes by MCF-7 cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was utilized to visualize the internalization of these complexes. ODN/PEI complex showed the dependence of their size and ξ potential on the N/P ratio. ODN/PEI-PEG complex were much less affected by N/P ratio and their size was around 30 100 nm. PEI and PEI-PEG retarded ODN even at N/P ratio as low as 4, and complete retardation was found at N/P ratio of 8. The uptake rate by MCF-7 cells was direct correlated to the DFA concentration and incubation time, and the uptake rate could exceed 99% under the selected condition. The results in this study showed that PEI self-assembly polyelectrolyte complex after stealth or long circulation modification may increase the ability as a gene vector to delivery genes into cells.

Gene functional research using polyethylenimine-mediated in vivo gene transfection into mouse spermatogenic cells

Aim： To study polyethylenimine （PEI）-mediated in vivo gene transfection into testis cells and preliminary functional research of spermatogenic cell-specific gene NYD-SP12 using this method. Methods： PEI/DNA complexes were introduced into the seminiferous tubules of mouse testes using intratesticular injection. Transfection efficiency and speciality were analyzed on the third day of transfection with fluorescent microscopy and hematoxylin staining. The long-lasting expression of the GFP-NYD-SP12 fusion protein and its subcelluar localization in spermatogenic cells at different stages were analyzed with fluorescent microscopy and propidium iodide staining. Results： With the mediation of PEI, the GFP-NYD-SP12 fusion gene was efficiently transferred and expressed in the germ cells （especially in primary spermatocytes）. Transfection into Sertoli cells was not observed. The subcellular localization of the GFP-NYD-SP2 fusion protein showed dynamic shifts in spermatogenic cells at different stages during spermatogenesis. Conclusion： PEI can efficiently mediate gene transfer into spermatocytes. Thus, it might be useful for the functional research of spermatogenic-cell specific genes such as the NYD-SP12 gene. In our gtudy, the NYD-SP12 protein was visualized and was involved in the formation of acrosome during spermatogenesis. Our research will continue into the detailed function of NYD-SP12 in spermatocytes. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 53-59）

Efficient Gene Delivery to Myocardium with Ultrasound Targeted Microbubble Destruction and Polyethylenimine

The aim of present study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of enhanced green fluorescent protein （EGFP） gene delivery to myocardium in vivo by ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction （UTMD） and polyethylenimine （PEI）. SonoVue/DNA and PEI/DNA/SonoVue complexes were prepared. Gel electrophoresis analysis was performed to determine the structural integrity of plasmid DNA or PEI/DNA after UTMD. Solutions of plasmid DNA, SonoVue/DNA, PEI/DNA complexes or PEI/DNA/SonoVue complexes were respectively transduced into BALB/c mice hearts by means of transthoracic ultrasound irradiation. Mice undergoing PBS injection, plasmid injection or PEI/DNA complexes injection without ultrasound irradiation served as controls. Gene expression in myocardium was detected 4 days after treatment. Cryosections and histological examinations were conducted. Electrophoresis gel assay showed no damage to DNA or PEI/DNA complexes after UTMD. When the heart was not exposed to ultrasound, the expression of EGFP was observed in the subendocardial myocardium obviously. The strongest expression was detected in the anterior wall of the left ventricle when the heart was exposed to ultrasound alone. Injection of PEI/DNA complexes and UTMD resulted in the highest transfection efficiency and the distributional difference of EGFP was not obvious. No tissue damage was seen histologically. In conclusion, a combination of UTMD and PEI was highly effective in transfecting mice hearts without causing any apparently adverse effect. It provides an alternative to current clinical gene therapy and opens a new concept of non-viral gene delivery for the treatment of cardiac disease.

CYTOTOXICITY AND GENOTOXICITY OF POLYETHYLENIMINE AND NICKEL CHLORIDE IN RED SEA BREAM (Pagrosomus major) FIN CELL LINE RSBF

A continuous marine fish cell line RSBF (i.e. Red Sea Bream Fin) was utilized to screen the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of polyethylenimine (PEI) and nickel chloride (NiCl 2) in this study on the deleterious effects of aquatic genotoxins on fish. At the 0.01 to 1 μg/ml concentration tested, PEI had acute toxicity to the treated RSBF cells (IC 50 =1.12, 0.92, 0.88 and 0.64 μg/ml PEI for time 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after treatment, respectively) and markedly inhibited their proliferation in a dose dependent manner. At the 0.001 to 5 μmol/L concentration tested, NiCl 2 posed no acute toxicity but significantly stimulated their growth (107%-214% of control). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to detect the genotoxic effects of PEI and NiCl 2 by comparing the RAPD banding patterns of the control and treated cells. RAPD analysis indicated that at the concentrations tested, PEI was more genotoxic than NiCl 2 to RSBF cells; that there was a slight dose dependent response in the genotoxic effect of PEI but not NiCl 2; and that RAPD technique might provide a sensitive, non specific genotoxic endpoint. And the potent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of PEI on fish cells showed that we should be cautious in utilizing it as gene vector in fish gene transfer and human gene therapy.

基于低分子量PEI的不同疏水链修饰的梳状低聚物基因载体

为了探究基于低分子量聚乙烯亚胺(polyethylenimine,PEI)基因载体的转染效率,通过Michael加成反应将PEI 600 Da接枝于含有疏水链的生物可降解聚酯上形成系列梳状聚合物,并将之应用于基因载体;利用核磁氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱对聚合物的化学结构与分子量进行了测定,此外,还利用凝胶电泳实验和绿色荧光蛋白实验研究了聚合物与DNA的结合能力及其复合物的转染性能。结果表明:本文方法成功合成了系列低聚物,并对DNA表现出较好的包裹能力;油酸修饰后的低聚物与DNA复合物在质量比为6.4时转染效果与PEI 25 kDa相当。可见,油酸修饰后的脂质体低聚物有作为非病毒基因载体的前景。

Nischarin-siRNA delivered by polyethyleniminealginate nanoparticles accelerates motor function recovery after spinal cord injury

A previous study by our group found that inhibition of nischarin promotes neurite outgrowth and neuronal regeneration in Neuro-2 a cells and primary cortical neurons.In recent years,more and more studies have shown that nanomaterials have good prospects in treatment of spinal cord injury.We proposed that small interfering RNA targeting nischarin（Nis-si RNA） delivered by polyethyleneimine-alginate（PEIALG） nanoparticles promoted motor function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury.Direct microinjection of 5 μL PEI-ALG/Nis-si RNA into the spinal cord lesion area of spinal cord injury rats was performed.From day 7 after surgery,Basso,Beattie and Bresnahan score was significantly higher in rats from the PEI-ALG/Nis-si RNA group compared with the spinal cord injury group and PEI-ALG/Control-si RNA group.On day 21 after injection,hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the necrotic area was reduced in the PEI-ALG/Nis-si RNA group.Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay results confirmed successful inhibition of nischarin expression and increased protein expression of growth-associated protein-43 in the PEI-ALG/Nis-si RNA group.These findings suggest that a complex of PEI-ALG nanoparticles and Nis-si RNA effectively suppresses nischarin expression,induces expression of growth-associated protein-43,and accelerates motor function recovery after spinal cord injury.

PEI分子质量对纳滤膜表面改性效果的影响

通过在商业纳滤膜表面接枝聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和2,3-氯丙基三甲基氯化铵(EPTAC)对其进行表面改性,考察了PEI分子质量对改性膜表面特征和过滤性能的影响。结果表明,改性膜的zeta电位较原始膜明显升高,膜表面平均孔径减小。随着PEI分子质量的减小,膜表面孔径降低;采用小分子质量PEI(600 Da)制备的改性膜对Mg^(2+)的截留率达到94.9%,Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)分离因子增至9.8。在32 h的混盐测试中,改性膜能保持较为稳定的水通量和离子截留性能,对重金属离子Mn^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Cd^(2+)截留效果及选择性较原始膜有明显提升。以牛血清蛋白为污染物的膜污染测试表明,改性膜较原始商业膜具有更好的抗有机污染性能,缘于改性膜具有更好的亲水性。

Effect of Polyethylenimine Content on Liposome/Polyethylenimine Complexes-Mediated Gene Delivery

Cationic liposome(Lipo) and polyethylenimine(PEI) are widely applied for nonviral gene transfection.In this study,in order to combine the favorable properties of Lipo and PEI systems for gene delivery,Lipo/PEI complexes with different contents of PEI(5%,10%,20% and 40% relative to phosphatidyl choline in reaction system) were prepared.The physicochemical properties of Lipo/PEI complexes,as well as the influences of PEI content on the storage stability,cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency were investigated.The transmission electron microscopy(TEM) images showed that Lipo/PEI complexes had smaller size compared to pure Lipo.The zeta potential values decreased with the increasing content of PEI.After storaged for 3 months at 4 ℃,obvious aggregation was observed when the addition of PEI content was up to 20%.In vitro cytotoxicity assay showed that Lipo/PEI complexes had decreased cytotoxicity over pure PEI,while the cytotoxicity was enhanced as the PEI content increased.Importantly,the luciferase activity assay and confocal microscope observation revealed that Lipo/PEI complexes prepared with the lowest amount of PEI(Lipo/PEI-5%)possessed the highest transfection efficiency.Thus,these results suggest that feeding the appropriate content of PEI in Lipo/PEI complexes allows them to be excellent vehicle for gene delivery.

Electrochemical Determination of Diethylstilbestrol in Feeds at Polyethylenimine-nanogold Modified Electrode

In this paper, a new method for the modification of glass carbon electrode (GCE) by polyethylenimine (PEI) and nano-gold (Au-colloid) was established to explore sensitive techniques for voltammetric determination of diethylstilbestrol. Compared with bare GCE, the peak current at the potential of 0.45 V is increased notably at PEI and PEI-nanogold modified electrode both by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). This kind of electrode allows the detection of low concentration of diethylstilbestrol in the range of 0.03～12 mg/L by DPV measurement. Other optimizations for experimental conditions were also discussed in detail.

Surface treatment on polyethylenimine interlayer to improve inverted OLED performance

Polyethylenimine(PEI) interlayer rinsing with different solvents for inverted organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs)is systematically studied in this paper. In comparison with the pristine one, the maximum current efficiency(CE) and power efficiency(PE) are enhanced by 21% and 22% for the device rinsing by ethylene glycol monomethyl ether(EEA).Little effect is found on the work function of the PEI interlayer rinsed by deionized water(DI), ethanol(EtOH), and EEA.On the other hand, the surface morphologies of PEI through different solvent treatments are quite different. Our results indicates that the surface morphology is the key to improving the device performance for IOLED as the work function of PEI keeps stable.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Polyethylenimine Grafting Core-Shell Nanoparticles for CO2 Adsorption Using Soap-Free Emulsion Copolymerization

Unlike previous emulsion polymerization, we used grafting reactions in soap-free emulsion systems. In this study, we synthesized grafted PMMA/PEI core-shell nanoparticles by varying the MMA/PEI content and molecular weight of PEI (Mn = 600, 8000, and 10,000). The size and morphology of the core-shell nanoparticles were characterized by a particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscopy. The nanoparticles were 178 - 408 nm in diameter and swelled in water or methanol by 30 - 75 nm. The size of the nanoparticles increased with MMA contents, whereas the size distribution progressively became homogeneous with increasing molecular weight of PEI. Lastly, we measured CO2 adsorption capacity of the grafted PMMA/PEI core-shell nanoparticles, and we found the capacity to be limited at a level of 0.69 mg, which occurred for nanoparticles prepared from emulsions at a pH value of 11.