Efficacy of medium-chain fatty acid salts distilled from coconut oil against two enteric pathogen challenges in weanling piglets

Background:The search for alternatives to antibiotics in pig production has increased the interest in natural resources with antimicrobial properties,such as medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA)as in-feed additives.This study evaluated the potential of a novel blend of MCFA salts(DIC)from distilled coconut oil with a lauric acid content to reduce enteropathogens and control intestinal diseases around weaning.Two experimental disease models were implemented in early-weaned piglets,consisting of two oral challenges:Salmonella Typhimurium(1.2×10~8 CFU)or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)F4(1.5×10~9 CFU).The parameters assessed were:animal performance,clinical signs,pathogen excretion,intestinal fermentation,immune-inflammatory response,and intestinal morphology.Results:The Salmonella challenge promoted an acute course of diarrhea,with most of the parameters responding to the challenge,whereas the ETEC F4 challenge promoted a mild clinical course.A consistent antipathogenic effect of DIC was observed in both trials in the hindgut,with reductions in Salmonella spp.plate counts in the cecum(P=0.03)on d 8 post-inoculation(PI)(Salmonella trial),and of enterobacteria and total coliform counts in the ileum and colon(P<0.10)on d 8 PI(ETEC F4 trial).When analyzing the entire colonic microbiota(16 S rRNA gene sequencing),this additive tended(P=0.13)to reduce the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enriched Fibrobacteres after the Salmonella challenge.In the ETEC F4 challenge,DIC prompted structural changes in the ecosystem with increases in Dialister,and a trend(P=0.14)to increase the Veillonellaceae family.Other parameters such as the intestinal fermentation products or serum pro-inflammatory mediators were not modified by DIC supplementation,nor were the histological parameters.Only the intraepithelial lymphocyte(IEL)counts were lowered by DIC in animals challenged with Salmonella(P=0.07).With ETEC F4,the IEL counts were higher with DIC on d 8 PI(P=0.08).Conclusions:This study confirms the potential activity of this MCFA salts mixture to reduce intestinal colonization by opportunistic pathogens such as Salmonella or E.coli and its ability to modulate colonic microbiota.These changes could explain to some extent the local immune cell response at the ileal level.

Low expression of fatty acid oxidation related gene ACADM indicates poor prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma and is related to tumor immune infltration

This research aims to identify the key fatty acid beta-oxidation(FAO)genes that are altered in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma(KIRC)and to analyze the role of these genes in KIRC The Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)and FAO datasets were used to identify these key genes.Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to assess the levels of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain(ACADM)between KIRC and non cancer samples.The logistic regression and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to explore the association between ACADM and clinical features.The diagnostic performance of ACADM for KIRC was asessed using a diagnostic receiver operating ch aracteristic(ROC)curve.The co-expressed genes of ACADM were identifed in LinkedOmics database,and their function and pathway enrichment were analyzed.The correlation between ACADM expression level and immune infitration was analyzed by Gene Set Variation Analysis(GSVA)method Additionally,the proliferation,migration,and invasion abilities of KIRC cells were assessed after overexpressing ACADM.Following differential analysis and intersection,we identifed six hub genes,induding ACADM.We found that the expression level of ACADM was decreased in KIRC tissues and had a better diagnostic efect(AUC=0.916).Survival analysis suggested that patients with decreased ACADM expression had a worse prognosis.According to correlation analysis,a variety of dinical features were associated with the expression level of ACADML By analyzing the infiltration level of immune cells,we found that ACADM may be related to the enrichment of immune cells.Finally,ACADM overexpression inhibited proliferation,migration,and invasion of KIRC cells.In conclusion,our findings suggest that reduced ACADM expression in KIRC patients is indicative of poor prognosis.These results imply that ACADM may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker for individuals with KIRC,offering a reference for dinicians in diagnosis and treatment.

Effects of medium chain triglycerides on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in clofibrate-fed newborn piglets

To investigate whether increasing tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle activity and ketogenic capacity would augment fatty acid(FA)oxidation induced by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha(PPARα)agonist clofibrate,suckling newborn piglets(n=54)were assigned to 8 groups following a 2(±clofibrate)×4(glycerol succinate[SUC],triglycerides of 2-methylpentanoic acid[T2M],valeric acid[TC5]and hexanoic acid[TC6])factorial design.Each group was fed an isocaloric milk formula containing either 0%or 0.35%clofibrate(wt/wt,dry matter basis)with 5%SUC,T2M,TC5 or TC6 for 5 d.Another 6 pigs served as newborn controls.Fatty acid oxidation was examined in fresh homogenates of liver collected on d 6 using[1-^(14)C]palmitic acid(1 mM)as a substrate(0.265μCi/μmol).Measurements were performed in the absence or presence of L-carnitine(1 mM)or inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase(L659699,1.6μM)or acetoacetate-CoA deacylase(iodoacetamide,50μM).Without clofibrate stimulation,^(14)C accumulation in CO_(2) was higher from piglets fed diets containing T2M and TC5 than SUC,but similar to those fed TC6.Under clofibrate stimulation,accumulation also was higher in homogenates from piglets fed TC5 than all other dietary treatments.Interactions between clofibrate and carnitine or the inhibitors were observed(P=0.0004)for acid soluble products(ASP).In vitro addition of carnitine increased^(14)C-ASP(P<0.0001)above all other treatments,regardless of clofibrate treatment.The percentage of^(14)C in CO_(2) was higher(P=0.0023)in TC5 than in the control group.From these results we suggest that dietary supplementation of anaplerotic and ketogenic FA could impact FA oxidation and modify the metabolism of acetyl-CoA(product ofβ-oxidation)via alteration of TCA cycle activity,but the modification has no significant impact on the hepatic FA oxidative capacity induced by PPARα.In addition,the availability of carnitine is a critical element to maintain FA oxidation during the neonatal period.

水相条件下合成短链脂肪酸酯霉菌角质酶的筛选与催化特性研究

短链脂肪酸酯是白酒重要风味物质,挖掘适用于白酒酿造体系的酯化酶对提升白酒品质具有重要的应用价值。该文在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中成功表达了7个霉菌角质酶,研究了其在单一酸和混酸条件下水相中催化合成风味酯的能力。研究结果表明角质酶AFLACUT-2在水相条件下具有较好的短链脂肪酸酯合成能力,其在30℃、pH 4的条件下酶活力最高。进一步酶学特性分析显示,当反应温度升到40℃时,该酶催化合成己酸乙酯的活力不变,而合成丁酸乙酯活力显著下降。角质酶AFLACUT-2催化合成己酸乙酯的最佳反应时间为18 h,比催化合成丁酸乙酯缩短了25%。此外,酸醇比例的提高有助于短链脂肪酸酯的合成,但过高的酸浓度会抑制酶活力,AFLACUT-2对已酸的耐受性优于丁酸。这些结果不仅拓宽了对白酒风味酯合成机制的认识,也为利用酯化生香技术定向调控基酒风味提供了新的策略。

果蔬垃圾重复批次发酵协同制备乳酸和短链脂肪酸

利用果蔬垃圾厌氧合成中链脂肪酸(medium-chain fatty acids,MCFAs)等化学品是厌氧技术高值化的重要方向。中链脂肪酸合成通常需要以乳酸/乙醇(电子供体)和短链脂肪酸(电子受体)为碳源进行碳链延长反应。因此,利用有机废弃物连续、稳定地协同制备乳酸和短链脂肪酸是中链脂肪酸合成的关键步骤。该研究考察了果蔬垃圾重复批次发酵协同制备乳酸和短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)的可行性,研究了不同置换率和进料浓度对果蔬垃圾重复批次发酵产酸特性的影响。结果表明,调控重复批次发酵的置换率和进料浓度是提高生产率、改善乳酸/SCFAs比例的有效方法。综合考虑酸化产物的生产率、乳酸/SCFAs和碳源浓度,在70%置换率和8%进料总固体TS(total solid)浓度条件下获得的酸化产物相对更有利于MCFAs的合成。此时,酸化产物生产率达到(5.25±0.25)g/(L·d),乳酸/SCFAs的碳摩尔比例达到5±0.3,碳源浓度达到(985±29)mmol/L。微生物群落分析显示,乳酸菌,如Lactobacillus和Enterococcus作为优势菌可通过异型乳酸发酵协同制备乳酸和SCFAs。研究结果可为果蔬垃圾的高值化利用提供参考。

癸酸锌的合成及其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌机制研究

研究旨在以癸酸与硫酸锌为原料高效制备癸酸锌并探讨其抑菌作用及机制。试验采用皂化复分解法将癸酸与硫酸锌螯合生成癸酸锌并进行结构表征;以金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌为模型,采用二倍稀释法测定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC),研究癸酸锌的抑菌活性;检测癸酸锌对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的细胞膜通透性、生物膜形成、DNA与蛋白质合成的影响,阐释癸酸锌的抑菌机制。结果显示,癸酸锌晶型结构好,粒径均一,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有较强的抑菌效果,MIC分别为250、350 mg/L,对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌作用更强。癸酸锌可通过时间依赖方式破坏金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌细胞膜通透性,抑制菌体生物膜的形成,从而发挥抑菌作用,但对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄球菌的DNA和蛋白质合成影响不显著。研究表明,癸酸锌可通过抑制生物膜形成、破坏细胞膜通透性等途径对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌表现出较强的抑菌活性,具有作为抗生素替代品应用于畜禽生产的潜力。

中链脂肪酸在疾病辅助治疗中的应用及作用机制研究进展

随着消费水平和健康意识的逐渐提高,消费者对于功能性食品的需求不断增加。中链脂肪酸作为一种重要的膳食脂肪,因其具有独特的运输系统,在体内迅速代谢的同时可以产生较高的能量,成为高价值的功能性食品。本文在介绍中链脂肪酸类型和结构的基础上,详细阐述其在人体内的代谢途径;同时,总结归纳中链脂肪酸在不同疾病辅助治疗方面的研究案例;此外,重点概述中链脂肪酸在阿尔茨海默症、癫痫、癌症、糖尿病和肥胖等疾病辅助治疗中发挥的积极作用,并明晰其作用机制。最后对中链脂肪酸未来发展前景进行总结展望,以期为中链脂肪酸在食品及医药领域的高效应用及推广提供理论参考。

磁性固相萃取-气质联用-同位素内标法精准检测白酒中8种高级脂肪酸乙酯

高级脂肪酸乙酯是引起酒体浑浊的关键因素之一。为系统分析白酒中的高级脂肪酸乙酯以改善白酒生产过程中的浑浊问题,建立了一种基于氨基化四氧化三铁(Fe_(3)O_(4)-NH_(2))磁性固相萃取结合气质联用技术的方法,用以同时测定白酒中8种高级脂肪酸乙酯。通过考察酒样的pH值、离子强度、吸附剂用量、吸附时间、解吸溶剂种类、解吸溶剂酸碱度、解吸时间等因素,确定了较佳的萃取条件。结果表明:这8种高级脂肪酸乙酯在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R 2均大于0.99;方法检出限和定量限分别为9.1~42.9μg/L和5.2~200.0μg/L;回收率为79.6%~99.3%,相对标准偏差(n=3)为8.0%~10.7%。应用此方法,并结合同位素内标法对24种不同香型和品牌的白酒样品中8种高级脂肪酸乙酯进行精准定量,发现它们的种类和质量浓度存在显著差异。其中,在酱香型白酒中,高级脂肪酸乙酯的检出率最高,达到100%。该方法简便快捷,样品萃取只需10 min,具有高灵敏度和准确性,能够有效避免传统液-液萃取技术的背景干扰问题,可为实现白酒中高级脂肪酸乙酯的精准检测提供一种新的方法。

多元化学计量学结合分子感官组学探究长链脂肪酸乙酯对不同白酒馏段品质的影响

该研究运用分子感官组学与多元化学计量学手段,对馏酒工艺过程的5种代表性长链脂肪酸乙酯(LCFAEEs)分布特性进行解析,从视觉、嗅觉、味觉和饮后评价四个维度对样品组进行感官品评实验,明确LCFAEEs与不同白酒馏段品质的对应关系。结果表明,不同馏段白酒中LCFAEEs的含量分布存在显著差异(P<0.05),LCFAEEs含量随着馏酒过程进行呈下降趋势。馏酒前段样品中的LCFAEEs总含量最高,平均值为5.77 mg/L,其中棕榈酸乙酯(EP)的含量最高,平均值为1.77 mg/L。馏酒后段样品中的LCFAEEs总含量最低,平均值为0.75 mg/L。结合酒体感知分析可以发现,LCFAEEs总含量对白酒品质具有极显著影响(P<0.01),尤其是对酒体的果香、花香、柔顺度、酒体风格具有极显著正相关作用(P<0.01,R>0.8)、对酒体的酸味、醇味、异杂味具有极显著负相关作用(P<0.01,R<-0.8)。十六酸乙酯(EP)的添加为白酒带来了更为浓郁的果香和花香,同时提升了甜香和口感的柔顺度。该研究为白酒关键品质因子的挖掘,以及工艺的优化提供了数据支撑。

APG06与CTAB联合乙醇强化活性污泥产中链脂肪酸

活性污泥经预处理后能提高资源化能力,表面活性剂与碳链延长技术的结合,更能增加中链脂肪酸(MCFA)的产量。研究将非离子生物表面活性剂正己基葡糖苷(APG06)和阳离子化学表面活性剂溴代十六烷基三甲胺(CTAB)联合乙醇处理活性污泥,研究在厌氧发酵情况下活性污泥产中链脂肪酸效率,考察乙醇加入前后MCFA的产量。研究发现,未添加乙醇时,VFA的产量最高,而在加入乙醇后,MCFA的产量大幅上升。乙醇的加入有利于碳链延长反应,促进VFA向MCFA的转化。微生物群落表明,高剂量的APG06和CTAB使用更有利于碳链延长反应过程。

多元化学计量学结合感官组学探究古井贡酒中3种中链脂肪酸对酒体品质的影响

研究重点关注的中链脂肪酸是一类碳链长度为6-8个碳的脂肪酸(即:己酸、庚酸、辛酸)。有部分研究表明,中链脂肪酸对酒体品质具有重要影响,可能会对白酒中部分微量成分的香气表达造成影响。此外,中链脂肪酸还可以通过酯化反应,生成中链脂肪酸乙酯,进一步影响酒体品质。因此,研究中链脂肪酸对白酒风味品质的影响,对于优化白酒生产工艺、提高产品品质具有重要意义。基于上述,为探究古井贡酒中中链脂肪酸对酒体风味品质的作用,本研究采用化学计量学结合感官组学方法,明确了古井贡酒5种代表产品中中链脂肪酸含量分布,确证中链脂肪酸对酒体香气表达的贡献。结果表明,在5种代表性产品中,己酸在酒体中含量最高,为218.7±2.1~796.2±22.4 mg/L;庚酸的含量最低,为13.8±0.5~18.1±0.2 mg/L;辛酸相对处于中间水平,为22.4±0.9~29.7±0.05 mg/L。结合感官组学发现,己酸与所有的香气属性(除酸味)都呈负相关性,相关系数范围从-0.63到-0.89;庚酸与所有的香气属性(除奶酪味)都呈负相关性,相关系数范围从-0.82到-0.91;辛酸与香气属性之间的相关性较弱且不显著。综上,中链脂肪酸在适宜浓度时对酒体的香气具有显著贡献,这为原酒品质的定向调控、成品酒的勾调提供重要理论基础。

己酸铁的合成、结构表征及其抑菌活性研究

试验以己酸和硫酸铁为原料,采用皂化-复分解法合成己酸铁,并利用傅里叶红外光谱、X-射线衍射、粒度分析对合成的己酸铁进行结构表征,探究其对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌特性。结果表明:己酸铁具有典型金属皂的特征,粒度均一,平均粒径为18.757μm,己酸通过双齿桥联配位铁原子。己酸铁对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度与最小杀菌浓度分别为2000、4000μg/mL。己酸铁通过改变细胞膜通透性影响溶液电导率,并造成核酸和蛋白质泄漏,破坏细胞膜完整性抑制大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。综上所述,己酸铁可通过破坏细菌细胞膜结构对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌发挥抑菌作用,具有成为抗生素替代品的潜质。

揭示氨对正己酸生产影响的机制——影响途径、关键酶和微生物

n-Caproate,which is produced via chain elongation(CE)using waste biomass,can supply various fossilderived products,thus advancing the realization of carbon neutrality.Ammonia released from the degradation of nitrogen-rich waste biomass can act as a nutrient or an inhibitor in anaerobic bioprocesses,including CE,with the distinction being primarily dependent on its concentration.Currently,the optimal concentration of ammonia and the threshold of toxicity for open-culture n-caproate production using ethanol as an electron donor,along with the underlying mechanisms,remain unclear.This study revealed that the optimal concentration of ammonia for n-caproate production was 2.0 g∙L^(-1),whereas concentrations exceeding this threshold markedly suppressed the CE performance.Exploration of the mechanism revealed the involvement of two forms of ammonia(i.e.,ammonium ions and free ammonia)in this inhibitory behavior.High ammonia levels(5.0 g∙L^(-1))induced excessive ethanol oxidation and suppressed the reverse β-oxidation(RBO)process,directly leading to the enhanced activities of enzymes(phosphotransacetylase and acetate kinase)responsible for acetate formation and diminished activities of butyryl-coenzyme A(CoA):acetyl-CoA transferase,caproyl-CoA:butyryl-CoA transferase,and caproyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA transferase that are involved in the syntheses of n-butyrate and n-caproate.Furthermore,the composition of the microbial community shifted from Paraclostridium dominance(at 0.1 g∙L^(-1)ammonia)to a co-dominance of Fermentimonas,Clostridium sensu stricto 12,and Clostridium sensu stricto 15 at 2.0 g∙L^(-1)ammonia.However,these CE-functional bacteria were mostly absent in the presence of excessive ammonia(5.0 g∙L^(-1)ammonia).Metagenomic analysis revealed the upregulation of functions such as RBO,fatty acid synthesis,K^(+)efflux,adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)metabolism,and metal cation export in the presence of 2.0 g∙L^(-1)ammonia,collectively contributing to enhanced n-caproate production.Conversely,the aforementioned functions(excluding metal cation export)and K^(+)influx were suppressed by excessive ammonia,undermining both ammonia detoxification and n-caproate biosynthesis.The comprehensive elucidation of ammonia-driven mechanisms influencing n-caproate production,as provided in this study,is expected to inspire researchers to devise effective strategies to alleviate ammonia-induced inhibition.

中链脂肪酸单甘油酯的抗病毒作用研究进展

目前规模化养殖极易受到细菌、病毒、霉菌、寄生虫等众多不利因素的影响,其中有害菌(革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌,G^(-)+G^(+))等引发的肠道损伤、病毒(尤指囊膜病毒)等造成的混合感染和/或继发感染,均会对机体造成免疫抑制,严重影响生产效益,给养殖业带来巨大的经济损失,也是可持续健康养殖关注的重点和难点。中链脂肪酸单甘油酯具有抗病毒、抗炎、调节免疫和促生长等功效,具备易被机体吸收和快速代谢等特点,能迅速为动物机体提供能量,具有良好的应用前景。该文对中链脂肪酸单甘油酯的消化吸收特点、抗病毒作用和机理及实际应用效果等方面进行综述,以期为新时期条件下规模化养殖中中链脂肪酸单甘油酯的应用提供参考依据。

Case Report: Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase II (CPT II) Deficiency

Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase II (CPTII) is a very important enzyme that helps with the oxidation of long-chain fatty acid to produce energy. Deficiency in CPTII will lead to energy deficiency in the case of fasting and the accumulation of the long chain fatty in the body. There are three types of CPT II deficiency, the myopathic form, the severe infantile hepatocardiomuscular form and the lethal neonatal form. They are all inherited as an autosomal recessive. Diagnosis of the CPTII are 1) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in adult form and 2) CPTII polymorphism (F352C), which is linked to reducing the activity of CPTII in infantile form [1]. Glucose is the primary management and medium-chain fatty acid is an alternative due to the bypass of the CPTII enzyme in the pathway. For the prevention of CPTII deficiency are to avoid long chain fatty acid (C12-fatty acid), fasting, prolonged exercise, known triggers, and certain medications such as anti-epileptics and general anesthesia. During the rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria attack, it is very important to maintain hydration to avoid acute renal failure. If, however, renal failure occurs, dialysis is recommended. We present a case of a 27-year-old African American woman with the significant past medical history of CPT II deficiency leading to recurrent rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria. Together with all the research studies from diagnosis to treatment of CPTII deficiency will help in clinical management of patients. And this case report will add to the existing case reports of patients who have CPTII deficiency in terms of how we diagnose, how we treat, and how we prevent symptoms from re-occurring.

中链脂肪酸在生猪养殖中的研究进展

中链脂肪酸具有吸收快和安全等生物学特性,在生猪生产领域有较好饲养效果,应用前景广泛,目前中链脂肪酸在生猪饲养方面的综合性报道较少。该文从理化特性、代谢原理、生物学功能综合阐述中链脂肪酸的作用机理,归纳其在仔猪、育肥猪、妊娠和哺乳母猪四个阶段应用效果,阐述中链脂肪酸在生猪各时期中的潜在经济效益。

有机固废生物转化制备高附加值中链脂肪酸研究进展

鉴于有机固废产量随工业化和城市化推进而逐年增长,有机固废资源化成为当前生态环境保护领域的研究热点。其中,利用微生物碳链延长技术将有机固废转化为高附加值的中链脂肪酸(Medium-Chain Fatty Acids,MCFAs)备受关注。该技术既能解决当前紧迫的环境污染问题,又能提升产品的经济价值,兼具环保和经济性双重优势,符合我国减污降碳和无废城市建设的要求。综述了有机固废生物转化制备MCFAs的厌氧发酵和碳链延长技术的反应机理以及关键微生物,分析了影响合成效率的主要因素,包括pH、温度、底物类型与浓度、水力停留时间(HRT)、固体停留时间(SRT)以及其他影响因素,总结了有机固废生产MCFAs所面临的底物生物利用难、电子供体缺乏、高效产酸体系构建难和产物分离提取难题等挑战,并提出相应解决策略,为今后相关领域的发展研究提出了建议。

脂肪酶催化合成生物柴油的研究

生物柴油是用动植物油脂或长链脂肪酸与甲醇等低碳醇合成的脂肪酸甲酯 ,是一种替代能源。这里探讨了生物法制备生物柴油的过程 ,采用脂肪酶酯化和酯交换两条工艺路线进行催化合成。深入研究制备过程中 ,不同脂肪酶、酶的用量和纯度、有机溶剂、低碳醇的抑制作用、吸水剂的作用、反应时间和进程、底物的特异性和底物摩尔比等参数对酯化过程的影响。试验结果表明 ,采用最佳酯化反应参数和分批加入甲醇并用硅胶作脱水剂的工艺过程 ,酯化率可以达到 92 % ,经分离纯化后的产品GC分析的纯度可达 98%以上 ,固定化酶的使用半衰期可达到36 0h。同时对酯交换制备生物柴油过程中 ,甲醇的用量和甲醇的加入方式对脂肪酶催化过程的影响作了初步研究 ,优化后的酯交换率可达到 83%。

长链脂肪酸淀粉酯合成及应用研究进展

长链脂肪酸淀粉酯是一类具有特殊的热塑性、疏水性、乳化性和可生物降解性的变性淀粉,在食品、纺织、化妆品、医药等行业有着广泛的应用。本文系统地介绍了长链脂肪酸淀粉酯的性质、合成方法和应用领域;分析了各种制备方法的特点,并指出了今后研究方向和发展前景。

固体碱催化合成中碳链脂肪酸聚甘油酯

以聚甘油、樟树籽仁油脂肪酸为原料,固体碱KOH/Al2O3为催化剂,催化酯化合成中碳链脂肪酸聚甘油酯。采用单因素试验研究反应温度、反应时间、聚甘油与中碳链脂肪酸质量比、催化剂用量对酯化率的影响,通过正交试验优化中碳链脂肪酸聚甘油酯的合成工艺。最优合成工艺条件为反应温度220℃、反应时间2.5 h、聚甘油与中碳链脂肪酸质量比2∶1、催化剂用量4.5%,该条件下酯化率为87.5%,所得中碳链脂肪酸聚甘油酯的酸值(KOH)、皂化值(KOH)、碘值(I)、熔点分别为1.86 mg/g1、48.4 mg/g、2.9 g/100 g、47.3℃。