As an organic optical fiber with a diameter comparable to or less than the wavelength of light,polymer nanofibers have been attracting increasing attention as a platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale.A varie...As an organic optical fiber with a diameter comparable to or less than the wavelength of light,polymer nanofibers have been attracting increasing attention as a platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale.A variety of applications for polymer optical nanofibers,including waveguides,light sources and sensors,have been reported in recent years.In this article,the recent progress in the field of polymer optical nanofibers is reviewed in terms of their fabrication,characterization and applications.In particular,we focus on functionalized polymer nanofibers doped with functional materials,such as dye molecules,noble metal nanoparticles,quantum dots and rare earth ions,which greatly expand their capabilities of generating,propagating,converting and modulating light at the nanoscale.展开更多
This paper presents an universal assembly approach,based on the oriented nanofibers,for the formation of large-scale ordered nanowire arrays.First,CdS NWs solution is dripped onto the substrate surface.Second,before t...This paper presents an universal assembly approach,based on the oriented nanofibers,for the formation of large-scale ordered nanowire arrays.First,CdS NWs solution is dripped onto the substrate surface.Second,before the CdS NWs solution evaporates,the oriented nanofibers slides along the substrate surface to assemble the CdS nanowires.The mechanism involving ordered alignment of nanowires on the substrate surface was investigated based on our experimental results.The resulting nanowires arrays can be further used for the creation of massive nanoelectronic-device arrays.展开更多
This paper presents an experimental investigation on fracture behavior of epoxy resin-carbon fibers composites interleaved with both neat polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and A1203-PAN nanofibers. In particular, t...This paper presents an experimental investigation on fracture behavior of epoxy resin-carbon fibers composites interleaved with both neat polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and A1203-PAN nanofibers. In particular, the paper focuses on the effect of adding Al2O3 nanopartiles in PAN nanofibers, which were incorporated in unidirectional (UD) laminates. The effectiveness of adding a thin film made of Al2O3-PAN on the fracture behavior of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been addressed by comparing the energy release rates, obtained by testing double cantilever beam (DCB) samples under mode I loading condition. A general improvement in interlaminar fracture energy of the CFRP is observed when the both neat PAN nanofibers and Al2O3-PAN nanofibers are interleaved. However, higher interlaminar strength has been observed for the samples with a thin film of Al2O3-PAN nanofibers, suggesting a better stress distribution and stress transformation from resin-rich area to reinforcement phase of hybrid composites.展开更多
Uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth hinders the practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Herein,we report a novel Li^(+) flux distributor achieved by placing an electroactive polyvinylidene fluoride/pol...Uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth hinders the practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Herein,we report a novel Li^(+) flux distributor achieved by placing an electroactive polyvinylidene fluoride/polymethyl methacrylate(PVDF/PMMA)composite nanofiber interlayer on a current collector,inducing uniform lithium deposition to mitigate the dendrite problem.Specifically,the released PMMA reacts with Liþto form abundant C–O–Li bonds and generate in situ a stable lithiophilic PMMA-Li solid electrolyte interphase layer.Theoretical calculations reveal that polar C–F groups in the PVDF framework and lithiophilic PMMA-Li provide homo-dispersed Li^(+) migration pathways with low energy barriers.Consequently,uniform Li nucleation is achieved at the molecular level,resulting in ultrahigh cycling stability with dendrite-free Li deposition at 5 mA cm^(-2) and 5 mAh cm^(-2)for over 500 h.The PVDF/PMMA||Li||LiFePO_(4)(LFP)full cell presents an increased rate capacity of 110 mAh g^(-1) at 10 C.In addition,a soft-package battery demonstrates a high energy density of 289 Wh kg^(-1).This work provides a facile design for stable lithium metal anodes to promote the practical use of LMBs and other alkali metal batteries.展开更多
Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material with ultrahigh porosity,ultralow density,and thermal conductivity,which is considered to be one of the most promising high-performance insulation materials today.However,traditio...Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material with ultrahigh porosity,ultralow density,and thermal conductivity,which is considered to be one of the most promising high-performance insulation materials today.However,traditional pure inorganic aerogels(i.e.,silica aerogel)exhibit inherent structural brittleness,making their processing and handling difficult,and their manufacturing costs are relatively high,which limits their large-scale practical use.The recently developed aerogel based on polymer nanofibers has ultralow thermal conductivity and density,excellent elasticity,and designable multifunction.More importantly,one-dimensional polymer nanofibers are directly used as building blocks to construct the network of aerogels via a gelation-free process.This greatly simplifies the aerogel preparation process,thereby bringing opportunities for large-scale aerogel applications.The aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymer nanofibers is considered to be a very attractive strategy for obtaining highly flexible,easily available,and multifunctional composite aerogels.Therefore,this review summarizes the recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation.The main processing routes,porous microstructure,mechanical properties,and thermal properties and applications of these aerogels are highlighted.In addition,various future challenges faced by these aerogels in thermal insulation applications are discussed in this review.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB328703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61036012)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘As an organic optical fiber with a diameter comparable to or less than the wavelength of light,polymer nanofibers have been attracting increasing attention as a platform for manipulating light at the nanoscale.A variety of applications for polymer optical nanofibers,including waveguides,light sources and sensors,have been reported in recent years.In this article,the recent progress in the field of polymer optical nanofibers is reviewed in terms of their fabrication,characterization and applications.In particular,we focus on functionalized polymer nanofibers doped with functional materials,such as dye molecules,noble metal nanoparticles,quantum dots and rare earth ions,which greatly expand their capabilities of generating,propagating,converting and modulating light at the nanoscale.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY210083,NY209027)
文摘This paper presents an universal assembly approach,based on the oriented nanofibers,for the formation of large-scale ordered nanowire arrays.First,CdS NWs solution is dripped onto the substrate surface.Second,before the CdS NWs solution evaporates,the oriented nanofibers slides along the substrate surface to assemble the CdS nanowires.The mechanism involving ordered alignment of nanowires on the substrate surface was investigated based on our experimental results.The resulting nanowires arrays can be further used for the creation of massive nanoelectronic-device arrays.
文摘This paper presents an experimental investigation on fracture behavior of epoxy resin-carbon fibers composites interleaved with both neat polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and A1203-PAN nanofibers. In particular, the paper focuses on the effect of adding Al2O3 nanopartiles in PAN nanofibers, which were incorporated in unidirectional (UD) laminates. The effectiveness of adding a thin film made of Al2O3-PAN on the fracture behavior of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) has been addressed by comparing the energy release rates, obtained by testing double cantilever beam (DCB) samples under mode I loading condition. A general improvement in interlaminar fracture energy of the CFRP is observed when the both neat PAN nanofibers and Al2O3-PAN nanofibers are interleaved. However, higher interlaminar strength has been observed for the samples with a thin film of Al2O3-PAN nanofibers, suggesting a better stress distribution and stress transformation from resin-rich area to reinforcement phase of hybrid composites.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075042)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1401400)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Donghua University(DHU)Distinguished Young Professor Program(LZB2021002).
文摘Uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth hinders the practical application of lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Herein,we report a novel Li^(+) flux distributor achieved by placing an electroactive polyvinylidene fluoride/polymethyl methacrylate(PVDF/PMMA)composite nanofiber interlayer on a current collector,inducing uniform lithium deposition to mitigate the dendrite problem.Specifically,the released PMMA reacts with Liþto form abundant C–O–Li bonds and generate in situ a stable lithiophilic PMMA-Li solid electrolyte interphase layer.Theoretical calculations reveal that polar C–F groups in the PVDF framework and lithiophilic PMMA-Li provide homo-dispersed Li^(+) migration pathways with low energy barriers.Consequently,uniform Li nucleation is achieved at the molecular level,resulting in ultrahigh cycling stability with dendrite-free Li deposition at 5 mA cm^(-2) and 5 mAh cm^(-2)for over 500 h.The PVDF/PMMA||Li||LiFePO_(4)(LFP)full cell presents an increased rate capacity of 110 mAh g^(-1) at 10 C.In addition,a soft-package battery demonstrates a high energy density of 289 Wh kg^(-1).This work provides a facile design for stable lithium metal anodes to promote the practical use of LMBs and other alkali metal batteries.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51873166,51873165Program of Hubei Technology InnovationInternational Collaboration,Grant/Award Number:2017AHB065+1 种基金Hubei Province Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Projects,Grant/Award Number:2018ZYYD057Applied Fundamental Research Program of Wuhan Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,Grant/Award Number:2017060201010165。
文摘Aerogel is a nanoporous solid material with ultrahigh porosity,ultralow density,and thermal conductivity,which is considered to be one of the most promising high-performance insulation materials today.However,traditional pure inorganic aerogels(i.e.,silica aerogel)exhibit inherent structural brittleness,making their processing and handling difficult,and their manufacturing costs are relatively high,which limits their large-scale practical use.The recently developed aerogel based on polymer nanofibers has ultralow thermal conductivity and density,excellent elasticity,and designable multifunction.More importantly,one-dimensional polymer nanofibers are directly used as building blocks to construct the network of aerogels via a gelation-free process.This greatly simplifies the aerogel preparation process,thereby bringing opportunities for large-scale aerogel applications.The aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymer nanofibers is considered to be a very attractive strategy for obtaining highly flexible,easily available,and multifunctional composite aerogels.Therefore,this review summarizes the recent advances in novel aerogels through the hybrid aggregation of inorganic nanomaterials and polymeric fibers for thermal insulation.The main processing routes,porous microstructure,mechanical properties,and thermal properties and applications of these aerogels are highlighted.In addition,various future challenges faced by these aerogels in thermal insulation applications are discussed in this review.